Résumé
Agroforestry systems consist in the combination of farming and forestry landuse. This study deals with the sustainable and resilient management of agroforestry systems. We consider a stylized dynamic model capturing non-linear tree-crop interactions and controlled by tree and crop harvesting. We assess the sustainability of the system through bioeconomic viability constraints of food security, economic profitability, and biodiversity. A first analytical result relating to coupled MSY-MEY (Maximum Sustainable Yield-Maximum Economic Yield) reference points and strategies provides sufficient conditions for the non-emptiness of the viability kernel. A second result highlights a viable window, not limited to the steady states, and stressing multiple sustainable balances between tree and crop land-use for agrosystems. Viable harvesting management are deduced, in particular to maintain the tree density between specific safe boundaries. A third result informs on the resilience of the agroforestry system through both stability and recovery analysis with respect to the viable window. Numerical simulations based on Cameroonian cocoa agroforestry illustrate these theoretical insights in a tropical context.