Abstract
The Bio-2M program aim to studying, at a regional scale, the dynamic relations between agricultural uses and biodiversity, on spaces under urban sprawl influences. Two different study scales: the agricultural lot, in its landscape and historical context, and a natural zoning (Znieff), within two regions (LR and PACA). On a lot scale, the relation between the biodiversity and the land uses over 50 years is studied by floristic and faunistic (bees) surveys. At the regional level, the characterization of the ecology of rare species and analysis of changes in land use were used to assess the consequences of the human dynamics on Znieff diversity. A prospective model was used to assess the risks and challenges of urbanization for the maintenance of diversity and for mapping in 2030 the most affected areas. Our results show that, if the link between agriculture and biodiversity can be positive, changes in land use at regional level constitute a major threat to the latter.