Résumé
West Nile Virus infection is all arbovirosis accidentally transmitted to humans from an aviary reservoir via all infected mosquito. Though a French surveillance network set up in 2001 reports low circulation in France, the virus is endemic in other territories. Approximately 80% of infected children remain asymptomatic, fever is seen in 20%. and very few develop a severe neurological disease in the patient's blood or spinal fluid. Treatment remains essentially symptomatic though new specific antiviral treatments and human immunization are currently being developed. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.