The ultra-high-energy event KM3-230213A within the global neutrino landscape

O Adriani; S Aiello; A Albert; A.R Alhebsi; M Alshamsi; S. Alves Garre; A Ambrosone; F Ameli; M Andre; L Aphecetche; M Ardid; S Ardid; C Argüelles; J Aublin; F Badaracco; L Bailly-Salins; Z Bardačová; B Baret; A Bariego-Quintana; Y Becherini; M Bendahman; F. Benfenati Gualandi; M Benhassi; M Bennani; D.M Benoit; E Berbee; E Berti; V Bertin; P Betti; S Biagi; M Boettcher; D Bonanno; S Bottai; A.B Bouasla; J Boumaaza; M Bouta; M Bouwhuis; C Bozza; R.M Bozza; H Brânzaş; F Bretaudeau; M Breuhaus; R Bruijn; J Brunner; R Bruno; E Buis; R Buompane; J Busto; B Caiffi; D Calvo; A Capone; F Carenini; V Carretero; T Cartraud; P Castaldi; V Cecchini; S Celli; L Cerisy; M Chabab; A Chen; S Cherubini; T Chiarusi; M Circella; R Clark; R Cocimano; J.A.B Coelho; A Coleiro; A Condorelli; R Coniglione; P Coyle; A Creusot; G Cuttone; R Dallier; A de Benedittis; G de Wasseige; V Decoene; P Deguire; I del Rosso; L.S Di Mauro; I Di Palma; A.F Díaz; D Diego-Tortosa; C Distefano; A Domi; C Donzaud; D Dornic; E Drakopoulou; D Drouhin; J.-G Ducoin; P Duverne; R Dvornický; T Eberl; E Eckerová; A Eddymaoui; T van Eeden; M Eff; D van Eijk; I. El Bojaddaini; S El Hedri; S. El Mentawi; V Ellajosyula; A Enzenhöfer; G Ferrara; M.D Filipović; F Filippini; D Franciotti; L.A Fusco; T Gal; J. García Méndez; A Garcia Soto; C. Gatius Oliver; N Geißelbrecht; E Genton; H Ghaddari; L Gialanella; B.K Gibson; E Giorgio; I Goos; P Goswami; S.R Gozzini; R Gracia; C Guidi; B Guillon; M Gutiérrez; C Haack; H van Haren; A Heijboer; L Hennig; J.J Hernández-Rey; A Idrissi; W. Idrissi Ibnsalih; G Illuminati; O Janik; D Joly; M de Jong; P de Jong; B.J Jung; P Kalaczyński; N Kamp; J Keegans; V Kikvadze; G Kistauri; C Kopper; A Kouchner; Y.Y Kovalev; L Krupa; V Kueviakoe; V Kulikovskiy; R Kvatadze; M Labalme; R Lahmann; M Lamoureux; G Larosa; C Lastoria; J Lazar; A Lazo; S Le Stum; G Lehaut; V Lemaître; E Leonora; N Lessing; G Levi; M. Lindsey Clark; F Longhitano; F Magnani; J Majumdar; L Malerba; F Mamedov; A Manfreda; A Manousakis; M Marconi; A Margiotta; A Marinelli; C Markou; L Martin; M Mastrodicasa; S Mastroianni; J Mauro; K.C.K Mehta; A Meskar; G Miele; P Migliozzi; E Migneco; M.L Mitsou; C.M Mollo; L Morales-Gallegos; N Mori; A Moussa; I. Mozun Mateo; R Muller; M.R Musone; M Musumeci; S Navas; A Nayerhoda; C.A Nicolau; B Nkosi; B.Ó Fearraigh; V Oliviero; A Orlando; E Oukacha; L Pacini; D Paesani; J Palacios González; G Papalashvili; P Papini; V Parisi; A Parmar; E.J. Pastor Gomez; C Pastore; A.M Păun; G.E Păvălaş; S. Peña Martínez; M Perrin-Terrin; V Pestel; R Pestes; M Petropavlova; P Piattelli; A Plavin; C Poirè; V Popa; T Pradier; J Prado; S Pulvirenti; C.A Quiroz-Rangel; N Randazzo; A Ratnani; S Razzaque; I.C Rea; D Real; G Riccobene; J Robinson; A Romanov; E Ros; A Šaina; F Salesa Greus; D.F.E Samtleben; A Sánchez Losa; S Sanfilippo; M Sanguineti; D Santonocito; P Sapienza; M Scaringella; M Scarnera; J Schnabel; J Schumann; H.M Schutte; J Seneca; N Sennan; P.A Sevle Myhr; I Sgura; R Shanidze; A Sharma; Y Shitov; F Šimkovic; A Simonelli; A Sinopoulou; B Spisso; M Spurio; O Starodubtsev; D Stavropoulos; I Štekl; D Stocco; M Taiuti; G Takadze; Y Tayalati; H Thiersen; S Thoudam; I. Tosta E Melo; B Trocmé; V Tsourapis; E Tzamariudaki; A Ukleja; A Vacheret; V Valsecchi; V van Elewyck; G Vannoye; E Vannuccini; G Vasileiadis; F. Vazquez de Sola; A Veutro; S Viola; D Vivolo; A van Vliet; A.Y Wen; E de Wolf; I Lhenry-Yvon; S Zavatarelli; A Zegarelli; D Zito; J.D Zornoza; J Zúñiga; N Zywucka

doi:10.1103/yypk-zmb8

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The ultra-high-energy event KM3-230213A within the global neutrino landscape

Journal article

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The ultra-high-energy event KM3-230213A within the global neutrino landscape

O Adriani, S Aiello, A Albert, A.R Alhebsi, M Alshamsi, S. Alves Garre, A Ambrosone, F Ameli, M Andre, L Aphecetche, …

Phys.Rev.X, Vol.15(3)

2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/yypk-zmb8

Abstract

On February 13th, 2023, the KM3NeT/ARCA telescope detected a neutrino candidate with an estimated energy in the hundreds of PeVs. In this article, the observation of this ultra-high-energy neutrino is discussed in light of null observations above tens of PeV from the IceCube and Pierre Auger observatories. Performing a joint fit of all experiments under the assumption of an isotropic $E^{-2}$ flux, the best-fit single-flavour flux normalisation is $E^2 \Phi^{\rm 1f}_{\nu + \bar \nu} = 7.5 \times 10^{-10}~{\rm GeV cm^{-2} s^{-1} sr^{-1}}$ in the 90% energy range of the KM3NeT event. Furthermore, the ultra-high-energy data are then fit together with the IceCube measurements at lower energies, either with a single power law or with a broken power law, allowing for the presence of a new component in the spectrum. The joint fit including non-observations by other experiments in the ultra-high-energy region shows a slight preference for a break in the PeV regime if the ``High-Energy Starting Events'' sample is included, and no such preference for the other two IceCube samples investigated. A stronger preference for a break appears if only the KM3NeT data is considered in the ultra-high-energy region, though the flux resulting from such a fit would be inconsistent with null observations from IceCube and Pierre Auger. In all cases, the observed tension between KM3NeT and other datasets is of the order of $2.5\sigma-3\sigma$, and increased statistics are required to resolve this apparent tension and better characterise the neutrino landscape at ultra-high energies.

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Title: The ultra-high-energy event KM3-230213A within the global neutrino landscape
Creators - without role: O Adriani
S Aiello
A Albert - Université de Strasbourg
A.R Alhebsi - Khalifa University of Science and Technology
M Alshamsi - Aix-Marseille Université
S. Alves Garre - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
A Ambrosone - University of Naples Federico II
F Ameli
M Andre - Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
L Aphecetche - Nantes Université
M Ardid - Universitat Politècnica de València
S Ardid - Universitat Politècnica de València
C Argüelles - Harvard University Press
J Aublin - Université Paris Cité
F Badaracco - University of Genoa
L Bailly-Salins - Normandie Université
Z Bardačová - Comenius University Bratislava
B Baret - Université Paris Cité
A Bariego-Quintana - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
Y Becherini - Université Paris Cité
M Bendahman
F. Benfenati Gualandi
M Benhassi - Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli
M Bennani - Normandie Université
D.M Benoit - University of Hull
E Berbee - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
E Berti
V Bertin - Aix-Marseille Université
P Betti
S Biagi
M Boettcher - North-West University
D Bonanno
S Bottai
A.B Bouasla - Badji Mokhtar-Annaba University
J Boumaaza - Mohammed V University
M Bouta - Aix-Marseille Université
M Bouwhuis - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
C Bozza - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Gruppo Collegato di Salerno
R.M Bozza - University of Naples Federico II
H Brânzaş - Institute of Space Science - INFLPR Subsidiary
F Bretaudeau - Nantes Université
M Breuhaus - Aix-Marseille Université
R Bruijn - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
J Brunner - Aix-Marseille Université
R Bruno
E Buis - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
R Buompane - Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli
J Busto - Aix-Marseille Université
B Caiffi
D Calvo - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
A Capone - Sapienza University of Rome
F Carenini - University of Bologna
V Carretero - University of Amsterdam
T Cartraud - Université Paris Cité
P Castaldi - University of Bologna
V Cecchini - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
S Celli - Sapienza University of Rome
L Cerisy - Aix-Marseille Université
M Chabab - Cadi Ayyad University
A Chen - University of the Witwatersrand
S Cherubini - University of Catania
T Chiarusi
M Circella
R Clark - UCLouvain
R Cocimano
J.A.B Coelho - Université Paris Cité
A Coleiro - Université Paris Cité
A Condorelli - Université Paris Cité
R Coniglione
P Coyle - Aix-Marseille Université
A Creusot - Université Paris Cité
G Cuttone
R Dallier - Nantes Université
A de Benedittis
G de Wasseige - UCLouvain
V Decoene - Nantes Université
P Deguire - Aix-Marseille Université
I del Rosso - University of Bologna
L.S Di Mauro
I Di Palma - Sapienza University of Rome
A.F Díaz - Universidad de Granada
D Diego-Tortosa
C Distefano
A Domi - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
C Donzaud - Université Paris Cité
D Dornic - Aix-Marseille Université
E Drakopoulou - Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics
D Drouhin - Université de Haute-Alsace
J.-G Ducoin - Aix-Marseille Université
P Duverne - Université Paris Cité
R Dvornický - Comenius University Bratislava
T Eberl - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
E Eckerová - Comenius University Bratislava
A Eddymaoui - Mohammed V University
T van Eeden - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
M Eff - Université Paris Cité
D van Eijk - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
I. El Bojaddaini
S El Hedri - Université Paris Cité
S. El Mentawi - Centre de physique des particules de Marseille
V Ellajosyula - University of Genoa
A Enzenhöfer - Aix-Marseille Université
G Ferrara - University of Catania
M.D Filipović - Western Sydney University
F Filippini
D Franciotti
L.A Fusco - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Gruppo Collegato di Salerno
T Gal - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
J. García Méndez - Universitat Politècnica de València
A Garcia Soto
C. Gatius Oliver - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
N Geißelbrecht - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
E Genton - UCLouvain
H Ghaddari - Mohamed I University
L Gialanella - Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli
B.K Gibson - University of Hull
E Giorgio
I Goos - Université Paris Cité
P Goswami - Université Paris Cité
S.R Gozzini - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
R Gracia - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
C Guidi - University of Genoa
B Guillon - Normandie Université
M Gutiérrez - Universidad de Granada
C Haack - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
H van Haren - Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research
A Heijboer - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
L Hennig - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
J.J Hernández-Rey
A Idrissi
W. Idrissi Ibnsalih
G Illuminati
O Janik - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
D Joly - Aix-Marseille Université
M de Jong - Leiden University
P de Jong - University of Amsterdam
B.J Jung - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
P Kalaczyński - Polish Academy of Sciences
N Kamp - Harvard University Press
J Keegans - University of Hull
V Kikvadze - Tbilisi State University
G Kistauri - University of Georgia
C Kopper - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
A Kouchner - Institut Universitaire de France
Y.Y Kovalev - Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy
L Krupa
V Kueviakoe - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
V Kulikovskiy
R Kvatadze - University of Georgia
M Labalme - Normandie Université
R Lahmann - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
M Lamoureux - UCLouvain
G Larosa
C Lastoria - Normandie Université
J Lazar - UCLouvain
A Lazo - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
S Le Stum - Aix-Marseille Université
G Lehaut - Normandie Université
V Lemaître
E Leonora
N Lessing - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
G Levi - University of Bologna
M. Lindsey Clark - Université Paris Cité
F Longhitano
F Magnani - Aix-Marseille Université
J Majumdar - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
L Malerba - University of Genoa
F Mamedov - Czech Technical University in Prague
A Manfreda
A Manousakis - University of Sharjah
M Marconi - University of Genoa
A Margiotta - University of Bologna
A Marinelli - University of Naples Federico II
C Markou - Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics
L Martin - Nantes Université
M Mastrodicasa - Sapienza University of Rome
S Mastroianni
J Mauro - UCLouvain
K.C.K Mehta
A Meskar - National Centre for Nuclear Research
G Miele - University of Naples Federico II
P Migliozzi
E Migneco
M.L Mitsou - Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli
C.M Mollo
L Morales-Gallegos - Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli
N Mori
A Moussa - Mohamed I University
I. Mozun Mateo - Normandie Université
R Muller
M.R Musone - Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli
M Musumeci
S Navas - Universidad de Granada
A Nayerhoda
C.A Nicolau
B Nkosi - University of the Witwatersrand
B.Ó Fearraigh
V Oliviero - University of Naples Federico II
A Orlando
E Oukacha - Université Paris Cité
L Pacini
D Paesani
J Palacios González
G Papalashvili - Tbilisi State University
P Papini
V Parisi - University of Genoa
A Parmar - Normandie Université
E.J. Pastor Gomez - Universitat de València
C Pastore
A.M Păun - Institute of Space Science - INFLPR Subsidiary
G.E Păvălaş - Institute of Space Science - INFLPR Subsidiary
S. Peña Martínez - Université Paris Cité
M Perrin-Terrin - Aix-Marseille Université
V Pestel - Normandie Université
R Pestes - Université Paris Cité
M Petropavlova - Czech Technical University in Prague
P Piattelli
A Plavin - Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy
C Poirè - University of Salerno
V Popa - Institute of Space Science - INFLPR Subsidiary
T Pradier - Université de Strasbourg
J Prado - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
S Pulvirenti
C.A Quiroz-Rangel - Universitat Politècnica de València
N Randazzo
A Ratnani - Université Mohammed VI Polytechnique
S Razzaque - University of Johannesburg
I.C Rea
D Real - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
G Riccobene
J Robinson
A Romanov - University of Genoa
E Ros - Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy
A Šaina - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
F Salesa Greus
D.F.E Samtleben - Leiden University
A Sánchez Losa
S Sanfilippo
M Sanguineti - University of Genoa
D Santonocito
P Sapienza
M Scaringella
M Scarnera - UCLouvain
J Schnabel - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
J Schumann - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
H.M Schutte - North-West University
J Seneca - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
N Sennan - Mohamed I University
P.A Sevle Myhr
I Sgura
R Shanidze - Tbilisi State University
A Sharma - Université Paris Cité
Y Shitov - Czech Technical University in Prague
F Šimkovic - Comenius University Bratislava
A Simonelli
A Sinopoulou
B Spisso
M Spurio - University of Bologna
O Starodubtsev
D Stavropoulos - Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics
I Štekl - Czech Technical University in Prague
D Stocco - Nantes Université
M Taiuti - University of Genoa
G Takadze - Tbilisi State University
Y Tayalati - Université Mohammed VI Polytechnique
H Thiersen - North-West University
S Thoudam - Khalifa University of Science and Technology
I. Tosta E Melo - University of Catania
B Trocmé - Université Paris Cité
V Tsourapis - Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics
E Tzamariudaki - Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics
A Ukleja - National Centre for Nuclear Research
A Vacheret - Normandie Université
V Valsecchi
V van Elewyck - Institut Universitaire de France
G Vannoye - Aix-Marseille Université
E Vannuccini
G Vasileiadis - Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
F. Vazquez de Sola - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
A Veutro - Sapienza University of Rome
S Viola
D Vivolo - Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli
A van Vliet - Khalifa University of Science and Technology
A.Y Wen - Harvard University Press
E de Wolf - University of Amsterdam
I Lhenry-Yvon - Université Paris Cité
S Zavatarelli
A Zegarelli - Sapienza University of Rome
D Zito
J.D Zornoza - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
J Zúñiga - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
N Zywucka - North-West University
Publication Details: Phys.Rev.X, Vol.15(3)
Identifiers: 9980852609311
Academic Unit: Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article
Local Fields: hal-04958806