The global biogeography of tree leaf form and habit

Haozhi Ma; Thomas W Crowther; Lidong Mo; Daniel S Maynard; Susanne S Renner; Johan van den Hoogen; Yibiao Zou; Jingjing Liang; Sergio De-Miguel; Gert-Jan Nabuurs; Peter B Reich; Ülo Niinemets; Meinrad Abegg; Yves C Adou Yao; Giorgio Alberti; Angelica M Almeyda Zambrano; Braulio Vilchez Alvarado; Esteban Alvarez-Dávila; Patricia Alvarez-Loayza; Luciana F Alves; Christian Ammer; Clara Antón-Fernández; Alejandro Araujo-Murakami; Luzmila Arroyo; Valerio Avitabile; Gerardo A Aymard; Timothy R Baker; Radomir Bałazy; Olaf Banki; Jorcely G Barroso; Meredith L Bastian; Jean-Francois Bastin; Luca Birigazzi; Philippe Birnbaum; Robert Bitariho; Pascal Boeckx; Frans Bongers; Olivier Bouriaud; Pedro H S Brancalion; Susanne Brandl; Francis Q Brearley; Roel Brienen; Eben N Broadbent; Helge Bruelheide; Filippo Bussotti; Roberto Cazzolla Gatti; Ricardo G César; Goran Cesljar; Robin Chazdon; Han Chen; Chelsea Chisholm; Hyunkook Cho; Emil Cienciala; Connie Clark; David Clark; Gabriel D Colletta; David A Coomes; Fernando Cornejo Valverde; José J Corral-Rivas; Philip M Crim; Jonathan R Cumming; Selvadurai Dayanandan; André L de Gasper; Mathieu Decuyper; Géraldine Derroire; Ben Devries; Ilija Djordjevic; Jiri Dolezal; Aurélie Dourdain; Nestor Laurier Engone Obiang; Brian J Enquist; Teresa J Eyre; Adandé Belarmain Fandohan; Tom M Fayle; Ted R Feldpausch; Leandro V Ferreira; Leena Finér; Markus Fischer; Christine Fletcher; Jonas Fridman; Lorenzo Frizzera; Javier G P Gamarra; Damiano Gianelle; Henry B Glick; David J Harris; Andrew Hector; Andreas Hemp; Geerten Hengeveld; Bruno Hérault; John L Herbohn; Martin Herold; Annika Hillers; Eurídice N Honorio Coronado; Cang Hui; Thomas Ibanez; Iêda Amaral; Nobuo Imai; Andrzej M Jagodziński; Bogdan Jaroszewicz; Vivian Kvist Johannsen; Carlos A Joly; Tommaso Jucker; Ilbin Jung; Viktor Karminov; Kuswata Kartawinata; Elizabeth Kearsley; David Kenfack; Deborah K Kennard; Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas; Gunnar Keppel; Mohammed Latif Khan; Timothy J Killeen; Hyun Seok Kim; Kanehiro Kitayama; Michael Köhl; Henn Korjus; Florian Kraxner; Dmitry Kucher; Diana Laarmann; Mait Lang; Simon L Lewis; Huicui Lu; Natalia V Lukina; Brian S Maitner; Yadvinder Malhi; Eric Marcon; Beatriz Schwantes Marimon; Ben Hur Marimon-Junior; Andrew R Marshall; Emanuel H Martin; Jorge A Meave; Omar Melo-Cruz; Casimiro Mendoza; Cory Merow; Abel Monteagudo Mendoza; Vanessa S Moreno; Sharif A Mukul; Philip Mundhenk; María Guadalupe Nava-Miranda; David Neill; Victor J Neldner; Radovan V Nevenic; Michael R Ngugi; Pascal A Niklaus; Jacek Oleksyn; Petr Ontikov; Edgar Ortiz-Malavasi; Yude Pan; Alain Paquette; Alexander Parada-Gutierrez; Elena I Parfenova; Minjee Park; Marc Parren; Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy; Pablo L Peri; Sebastian Pfautsch; Oliver L Phillips; Nicolas Picard; Maria Teresa F Piedade; Daniel Piotto; Nigel C A Pitman; Irina Mendoza-Polo; Axel D Poulsen; John R Poulsen; Hans Pretzsch; Freddy Ramirez Arevalo; Zorayda Restrepo-Correa; Mirco Rodeghiero; Samir G Rolim; Anand Roopsind; Francesco Rovero; Ervan Rutishauser; Purabi Saikia; Christian Salas-Eljatib; Philippe Saner; Peter Schall; Mart-Jan Schelhaas; Dmitry Schepaschenko; Michael Scherer-Lorenzen; Bernhard Schmid; Jochen Schöngart; Eric B Searle; Vladimír Seben; Josep M Serra-Diaz; Douglas Sheil; Anatoly Z Shvidenko; Javier E Silva-Espejo; Marcos Silveira; James Singh; Plinio Sist; Ferry Slik; Bonaventure Sonké; Alexandre F Souza; Stanislaw Miścicki; Krzysztof J Stereńczak; Jens-Christian Svenning; Miroslav Svoboda; Ben Swanepoel; Natalia Targhetta; Nadja Tchebakova; Hans ter Steege; Raquel Thomas; Elena Tikhonova; Peter M Umunay; Vladimir A Usoltsev; Renato Valencia; Fernando Valladares; Fons van der Plas; Tran van Do; Michael E van Nuland; Rodolfo M Vasquez; Hans Verbeeck; Helder Viana; Alexander C Vibrans; Simone Vieira; Klaus von Gadow; Hua-Feng Wang; James V Watson; Gijsbert D A Werner; Bertil Westerlund; Susan K Wiser; Florian Wittmann; Hannsjoerg Woell; Verginia Wortel; Roderick Zagt; Tomasz Zawiła-Niedźwiecki; Chunyu Zhang; Xiuhai Zhao; Mo Zhou; Zhi-Xin Zhu; Irie C Zo-Bi; Constantin M Zohner

doi:10.1038/s41477-023-01543-5

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The global biogeography of tree leaf form and habit

Journal article

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The global biogeography of tree leaf form and habit

Haozhi Ma, Thomas W Crowther, Lidong Mo, Daniel S Maynard, Susanne S Renner, Johan van den Hoogen, Yibiao Zou, Jingjing Liang, Sergio De-Miguel, Gert-Jan Nabuurs, …

Nature Plants, Vol.9

08/11/2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-023-01543-5

Abstract

Biogeography

Ecology

Understanding what controls global leaf type variation in trees is crucial for comprehending their role in terrestrial ecosystems, including carbon, water and nutrient dynamics. Yet our understanding of the factors influencing forest leaf types remains incomplete, leaving us uncertain about the global proportions of needle-leaved, broadleaved, evergreen and deciduous trees. To address these gaps, we conducted a global, ground-sourced assessment of forest leaf-type variation by integrating forest inventory data with comprehensive leaf form (broadleaf vs needle-leaf) and habit (evergreen vs deciduous) records. We found that global variation in leaf habit is primarily driven by isothermality and soil characteristics, while leaf form is predominantly driven by temperature. Given these relationships, we estimate that 38% of global tree individuals are needle-leaved evergreen, 29% are broadleaved evergreen, 27% are broadleaved deciduous and 5% are needle-leaved deciduous. The aboveground biomass distribution among these tree types is approximately 21% (126.4 Gt), 54% (335.7 Gt), 22% (136.2 Gt) and 3% (18.7 Gt), respectively. We further project that, depending on future emissions pathways, 17-34% of forested areas will experience climate conditions by the end of the century that currently support a different forest type, highlighting the intensification of climatic stress on existing forests. By quantifying the distribution of tree leaf types and their corresponding biomass, and identifying regions where climate change will exert greatest pressure on current leaf types, our results can help improve predictions of future terrestrial ecosystem functioning and carbon cycling.

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Title: The global biogeography of tree leaf form and habit
Creators - without role: Haozhi Ma - ETH Zurich
Thomas W Crowther - ETH Zurich
Lidong Mo - ETH Zurich
Daniel S Maynard - ETH Zurich
Susanne S Renner - Washington University in St. Louis
Johan van den Hoogen - ETH Zurich
Yibiao Zou - ETH Zurich
Jingjing Liang - Purdue University West Lafayette
Sergio De-Miguel - Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia
Gert-Jan Nabuurs - Wageningen University & Research
Peter B Reich - University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
Ülo Niinemets - Estonian University of Life Sciences
Meinrad Abegg - Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research
Yves C Adou Yao - Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny
Giorgio Alberti - University of Udine
Angelica M Almeyda Zambrano
Braulio Vilchez Alvarado - Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica
Esteban Alvarez-Dávila - Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia
Patricia Alvarez-Loayza - Field Museum of Natural History
Luciana F Alves - Institute of the Environment
Christian Ammer - University of Göttingen
Clara Antón-Fernández - Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research
Alejandro Araujo-Murakami - Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado
Luzmila Arroyo - Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado
Valerio Avitabile - Joint Research Centre
Gerardo A Aymard
Timothy R Baker - University of Leeds
Radomir Bałazy - Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Olaf Banki - Naturalis Biodiversity Center
Jorcely G Barroso - Universidade Federal do Acre
Meredith L Bastian - National Academy of Sciences
Jean-Francois Bastin
Luca Birigazzi - Ospedale Misericordia - Grosseto
Philippe Birnbaum - Université de Montpellier, BotAnique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des végétations - AMAP
Robert Bitariho - Mbarara University of Science and Technology
Pascal Boeckx - Ghent University
Frans Bongers - Wageningen University & Research
Olivier Bouriaud - Ştefan cel Mare University of Suceava
Pedro H S Brancalion - Universidade de São Paulo
Susanne Brandl - Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture
Francis Q Brearley - Manchester Metropolitan University
Roel Brienen - University of Leeds
Eben N Broadbent - University of Florida
Helge Bruelheide - Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
Filippo Bussotti - University of Florence
Roberto Cazzolla Gatti
Ricardo G César - Universidade de São Paulo
Goran Cesljar - Institute of Forestry
Robin Chazdon - University of Connecticut
Han Chen
Chelsea Chisholm - ETH Zurich
Hyunkook Cho - Korea Forest Service
Emil Cienciala - Czech Academy of Sciences, Global Change Research Institute
Connie Clark - Duke University
David Clark - University of Missouri–St. Louis
Gabriel D Colletta - Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
David A Coomes - Conservation Leadership Programme
Fernando Cornejo Valverde - Amazon National University of Madre de Dios
José J Corral-Rivas - Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango
Philip M Crim - West Virginia University
Jonathan R Cumming - West Virginia University
Selvadurai Dayanandan - Concordia University
André L de Gasper - Universidade Regional de Blumenau
Mathieu Decuyper - Wageningen University & Research
Géraldine Derroire - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement
Ben Devries - University of Guelph
Ilija Djordjevic - Institute of Forestry
Jiri Dolezal - Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany
Aurélie Dourdain - Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement
Nestor Laurier Engone Obiang
Brian J Enquist - University of Arizona
Teresa J Eyre - Queensland Department of Environment and Science
Adandé Belarmain Fandohan - Université d'Agriculture de Kétou
Tom M Fayle - Czech Academy of Sciences
Ted R Feldpausch - University of Exeter
Leandro V Ferreira - Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi
Leena Finér - Natural Resources Institute Finland
Markus Fischer - University of Bern
Christine Fletcher - Forest Research Institute Malaysia
Jonas Fridman - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Lorenzo Frizzera - Fondazione Edmund Mach
Javier G P Gamarra - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Damiano Gianelle - Fondazione Edmund Mach
Henry B Glick
David J Harris - Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
Andrew Hector
Andreas Hemp - University of Bayreuth
Geerten Hengeveld - Wageningen University & Research
Bruno Hérault - Forests and Societies
John L Herbohn - University of the Sunshine Coast
Martin Herold - Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
Annika Hillers - Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
Eurídice N Honorio Coronado
Cang Hui - African Institute for Mathematical Sciences
Thomas Ibanez - Université de Montpellier, BotAnique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des végétations - AMAP
Iêda Amaral
Nobuo Imai - Tokyo University of Agriculture
Andrzej M Jagodziński - Polish Academy of Sciences
Bogdan Jaroszewicz - University of Warsaw
Vivian Kvist Johannsen - University of Copenhagen
Carlos A Joly - Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
Tommaso Jucker - University of Bristol
Ilbin Jung - Korea Forest Service
Viktor Karminov - Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Kuswata Kartawinata - Field Museum of Natural History
Elizabeth Kearsley - Ghent University
David Kenfack - Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
Deborah K Kennard - Colorado Mesa University
Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas - University of Copenhagen
Gunnar Keppel - University of South Australia
Mohammed Latif Khan - Dr. Hari Singh Gour University
Timothy J Killeen - Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado
Hyun Seok Kim - Seoul National University
Kanehiro Kitayama - Kyoto University
Michael Köhl - Universität Hamburg
Henn Korjus - Estonian University of Life Sciences
Florian Kraxner - International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
Dmitry Kucher - Peoples' Friendship University of Russia
Diana Laarmann - Estonian University of Life Sciences
Mait Lang - Estonian University of Life Sciences
Simon L Lewis - University College London
Huicui Lu - Qingdao Agricultural University
Natalia V Lukina
Brian S Maitner - University of Arizona
Yadvinder Malhi - University of Oxford
Eric Marcon - Université de Montpellier, BotAnique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des végétations - AMAP
Beatriz Schwantes Marimon - Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso
Ben Hur Marimon-Junior
Andrew R Marshall - University of the Sunshine Coast
Emanuel H Martin - College of African Wildlife Management
Jorge A Meave - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Omar Melo-Cruz - University of Tolima
Casimiro Mendoza - Universidad Indígena Quechua Boliviana Casimiro Huanca
Cory Merow - University of Connecticut
Abel Monteagudo Mendoza
Vanessa S Moreno - Forest Science and Research Institute
Sharif A Mukul - University of the Sunshine Coast
Philip Mundhenk - Universität Hamburg
María Guadalupe Nava-Miranda - Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
David Neill - Universidad Estatal Amazónica
Victor J Neldner - Queensland Department of Environment and Science
Radovan V Nevenic - Institute of Forestry
Michael R Ngugi - Queensland Department of Environment and Science
Pascal A Niklaus - University of Zurich
Jacek Oleksyn - Institute of Dendrology
Petr Ontikov - Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Edgar Ortiz-Malavasi - Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica
Yude Pan - US Forest Service
Alain Paquette - Université du Québec à Montréal
Alexander Parada-Gutierrez - Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado
Elena I Parfenova - Sukachev Institute of Forest
Minjee Park - Seoul National University
Marc Parren - Wageningen University & Research
Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy - Pondicherry University
Pablo L Peri - National Agricultural Technology Institute
Sebastian Pfautsch - Western Sydney University
Oliver L Phillips - University of Leeds
Nicolas Picard - Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane
Maria Teresa F Piedade - National Institute of Amazonian Research
Daniel Piotto - Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia
Nigel C A Pitman - Field Museum of Natural History
Irina Mendoza-Polo
Axel D Poulsen - Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
John R Poulsen - The Nature Conservancy
Hans Pretzsch - Universidad de Valladolid
Freddy Ramirez Arevalo
Zorayda Restrepo-Correa - Fundación Con Vida
Mirco Rodeghiero - Centro Agricoltura Ambiente
Samir G Rolim - Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia
Anand Roopsind - Conservation International
Francesco Rovero - University of Florence
Ervan Rutishauser
Purabi Saikia - Central University of Jharkhand
Christian Salas-Eljatib
Philippe Saner
Peter Schall - University of Göttingen
Mart-Jan Schelhaas - Wageningen University & Research
Dmitry Schepaschenko - International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
Michael Scherer-Lorenzen - University of Freiburg
Bernhard Schmid - University of Zurich
Jochen Schöngart - National Institute of Amazonian Research
Eric B Searle - Université du Québec à Montréal
Vladimír Seben - National Forest Centre
Josep M Serra-Diaz - AgroParisTech
Douglas Sheil - Wageningen University & Research
Anatoly Z Shvidenko
Javier E Silva-Espejo - University of La Serena
Marcos Silveira - Universidade Federal do Acre
James Singh - Guyana Forestry Commission
Plinio Sist - Université de Montpellier
Ferry Slik - Universiti Brunei Darussalam
Bonaventure Sonké - Université de Yaoundé I
Alexandre F Souza - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
Stanislaw Miścicki
Krzysztof J Stereńczak - Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Jens-Christian Svenning
Miroslav Svoboda - Czech University of Life Sciences Prague
Ben Swanepoel - Wildlife Conservation Society
Natalia Targhetta - National Institute of Amazonian Research
Nadja Tchebakova - Sukachev Institute of Forest
Hans ter Steege - Utrecht University
Raquel Thomas - Guiana Space Centre
Elena Tikhonova
Peter M Umunay - Yale University
Vladimir A Usoltsev
Renato Valencia - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador
Fernando Valladares - Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales
Fons van der Plas - Wageningen University & Research
Tran van Do - Forest Industry Research Institute
Michael E van Nuland - Stanford University
Rodolfo M Vasquez
Hans Verbeeck - Ghent University
Helder Viana - University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro
Alexander C Vibrans - Universidade Regional de Blumenau
Simone Vieira - Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
Klaus von Gadow - Stellenbosch University
Hua-Feng Wang
James V Watson
Gijsbert D A Werner - University of Oxford
Bertil Westerlund - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Susan K Wiser - Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research
Florian Wittmann - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Hannsjoerg Woell
Verginia Wortel
Roderick Zagt
Tomasz Zawiła-Niedźwiecki
Chunyu Zhang - Beijing Forestry University
Xiuhai Zhao - State Forestry and Grassland Administration
Mo Zhou - Purdue University West Lafayette
Zhi-Xin Zhu
Irie C Zo-Bi - Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny
Constantin M Zohner - ETH Zurich
Publication Details: Nature Plants, Vol.9
Grant note: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich
Identifiers: 9936672409311
Academic Unit: BotAnique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des végétations - AMAP
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article
Local Fields: hal-04288936