Résumé
Several enzymes can modify the architecture and the composition of chromatin, both locally and globally, and they can direct the inheritance of local chromatin structures through cell division [3,4]. [...]an individual's cells all share the same linear sequence of DNA nucleotides--the genome--but different cell types are characterized by the presence of different chromatin flavors of this genome--the epigenomes--that specify the characteristic functions of each cell type and allow the maintenance of the memory of these functions through cell division. [...]a large set of genome regulatory processes involve epigenetic determination and inheritance. Because of the vast complexity of epigenetic regulation, ranging from single genes to the folding of whole chromosomes in the nucleus, epigenetics involves an amazingly wide spectrum of techniques and approaches.