The BIOMASP+ project on biosphere-atmosphere exchanges and their role in air pollution in the subtropical megacity of São Paulo: motivations, methods and preliminary observations

Agnès Borbon; Adalgiza Fornaro; Amauri P. Oliveira; Silvia R. Souza; Joel F. de Brito; Jean-Luc Jaffrezo; Michael Staudt; Rita Y. Ynoue; Georgia Codato; Maciel P. Sánchez; Lucas C. Silveira; Luciana Rizzo; Fernanda Anselmo-Moreira; Etienne Brugère; Pauline Fombelle; Manon Rocco; Leonardo Domingues; Samara Carbone; Eduardo L. M. Catharino; Aurélie Colomb; Jacques Florêncio; A. Gandolfo; Marina Jamar; J. Kempf; Alex Nascimento; Olatunde Murana; Jean-Eudes Petit; Daniel C. Zacharias; Junteng Wu; Alexandre Albinet; Hugo H. Araújo; Jean-Luc Baray; Marie Bertrand; Maria L. A. M. Campos; Lucas Chiari; Armelle Crouzet; Pamela A. Dominutti; Sébastien Dusanter; Cláudia Maria Furlan; Bruno Ruiz Brandão da Costa; Morgan Lopez; Jean Martins; Tarcísio F. Martins; Kátia Mazzei; Camila S. Meireles; Gregori A. Moreira; Eduardo Landulfo; Edson P. Marques Filho; Michel Ramonet; Véronique Riffault; Ávila B. Santos; Bruna L. Paim; Luzimar C. Silva; Graciele D. D. Soares; Gaëlle Uzu; Weixin Xian

doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-23-0161.1

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The BIOMASP+ project on biosphere-atmosphere exchanges and their role in air pollution in the subtropical megacity of São Paulo: motivations, methods and preliminary observations

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The BIOMASP+ project on biosphere-atmosphere exchanges and their role in air pollution in the subtropical megacity of São Paulo: motivations, methods and preliminary observations

Agnès Borbon, Adalgiza Fornaro, Amauri P. Oliveira, Silvia R. Souza, Joel F. de Brito, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Michael Staudt, Rita Y. Ynoue, Georgia Codato, Maciel P. Sánchez, …

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

17/11/2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-23-0161.1

Résumé

Air pollution, especially in urban areas, is the result of a complex mixture of natural and anthropogenic emissions and their atmospheric processing. It causes millions of premature deaths worldwide and affects plant metabolism, which in turn alters the emissions of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compound (BVOCs) by plants. By taking the subtropical Metropolitan Area of São Paulo (MASP) as a natural laboratory, the BIOMASP+ project (BIOsphere-atmosphere interactions in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo - plus ) aims to evaluate the interplay between the biosphere and secondary pollution (ozone and SOA formation and aging). The Brazilian Atlantic Forest (Mata Atlântica) is the target ecosystem as the fifth biodiversity hotspot in the world. Here we present the scientific motivations of the project, its methodology and the preliminary observations from the Special Observation Periods of year 2023 (SOP1, 2, 3 and 4). BIOMASP+ is (i) integrative, by combining in-situ/remote/laboratory observations and modeling, (ii) multidisciplinary, addressing micrometeorology, urban climate, atmospheric chemistry and biology. The project involves multiple nested scales: from leaf to above-canopy levels, from very short time (microseconds) to multi-year scale, from few millimeters (turbulence scale) to synoptic scale. In particular, the experimental effort relies on the implementation of two contrasting supersites (primary forest and urban forest) with a 30-m and 20-m flux towers, respectively, and a variety of state-of-the-art instruments. Ambient observations and the quantification of BVOC emissions have highlighted the complex interactions between meteorology, atmospheric composition of pollution, biogenic emissions of representative remnants of the Atlantic Forest and anthropogenic emissions.

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Titre: The BIOMASP+ project on biosphere-atmosphere exchanges and their role in air pollution in the subtropical megacity of São Paulo: motivations, methods and preliminary observations
Créateurs - sans rôle: Agnès Borbon - Univ. Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Adalgiza Fornaro - Universidade de São Paulo
Amauri P. Oliveira - Universidade de São Paulo
Silvia R. Souza - Núcleo de Uso Sustentável dos Recursos Naturais, Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais (IPA-SP), São Paulo, Brazil
Joel F. de Brito - IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environnement, 59000, Lille, France
Jean-Luc Jaffrezo - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble
Michael Staudt - CEFE, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
Rita Y. Ynoue - Dept. Ciências Atmosféricas, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Univ. São Paulo (IAG-USP), Brazil
Georgia Codato - Dept. Ciências Atmosféricas, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Univ. São Paulo (IAG-USP), Brazil
Maciel P. Sánchez - Dept. Ciências Atmosféricas, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Univ. São Paulo (IAG-USP), Brazil
Lucas C. Silveira - Dept. Ciências Atmosféricas, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Univ. São Paulo (IAG-USP), Brazil
Luciana Rizzo - Instituto de Física (IF-USP), Brazil
Fernanda Anselmo-Moreira - Núcleo de Uso Sustentável dos Recursos Naturais, Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais (IPA-SP), São Paulo, Brazil
Etienne Brugère - Univ. Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Pauline Fombelle - Univ. Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Manon Rocco
Leonardo Domingues
Samara Carbone - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Brazil
Eduardo L. M. Catharino - Núcleo de Uso Sustentável dos Recursos Naturais, Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais (IPA-SP), São Paulo, Brazil
Aurélie Colomb - Univ. Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Jacques Florêncio - Dept. Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP-USP), Brazil
A. Gandolfo - Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, CEA, CNRS, Gif sur Yvette, France
Marina Jamar - IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environnement, 59000, Lille, France
J. Kempf - CEFE, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
Alex Nascimento - Núcleo de Uso Sustentável dos Recursos Naturais, Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais (IPA-SP), São Paulo, Brazil
Olatunde Murana - IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environnement, 59000, Lille, France
Jean-Eudes Petit - Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, CEA, CNRS, Gif sur Yvette, France
Daniel C. Zacharias - Dept. Ciências Atmosféricas, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Univ. São Paulo (IAG-USP), Brazil
Junteng Wu - Univ. Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Alexandre Albinet - Institut national de l'environnement industriel et des risques
Hugo H. Araújo - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Brazil
Jean-Luc Baray - Univ. Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Marie Bertrand - Univ. Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Maria L. A. M. Campos - Dept. Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP-USP), Brazil
Lucas Chiari - Dept. Ciências Atmosféricas, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Univ. São Paulo (IAG-USP), Brazil
Armelle Crouzet - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble
Pamela A. Dominutti - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble
Sébastien Dusanter - IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environnement, 59000, Lille, France
Cláudia Maria Furlan - Instituto de Biociências (IB-USP), Brazil
Bruno Ruiz Brandão da Costa - Instituto de Biociências (IB-USP), Brazil
Morgan Lopez - Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement
Jean Martins - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble
Tarcísio F. Martins - Núcleo de Uso Sustentável dos Recursos Naturais, Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais (IPA-SP), São Paulo, Brazil
Kátia Mazzei - Núcleo de Uso Sustentável dos Recursos Naturais, Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais (IPA-SP), São Paulo, Brazil
Camila S. Meireles - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Brazil
Gregori A. Moreira - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Brazil., Instituto Federal de São Paulo (IFSP), Registro, São Paulo, Brazil
Eduardo Landulfo - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Brazil
Edson P. Marques Filho - Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Brazil
Michel Ramonet - Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement
Véronique Riffault - Université de Lille
Ávila B. Santos - Dept. Ciências Atmosféricas, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Univ. São Paulo (IAG-USP), Brazil
Bruna L. Paim - Dept. Ciências Atmosféricas, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Univ. São Paulo (IAG-USP), Brazil
Luzimar C. Silva - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Brazil
Graciele D. D. Soares - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Brazil
Gaëlle Uzu - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble
Weixin Xian - Univ. Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Détails de publication: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Identifiants: 99136280909311
Unité académique: Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive - CEFE
Langue: English
Type de ressource: Journal article