Résumé
Xanthomonas arboricola comprises a number of economically important fruit tree pathogens classified within different pathovars. Dozens of non-pathogenic and taxonomically un-validated strains are also designated as X. arboricola leading to a complicated taxonomic status in the species. In this study, we have evaluated the whole genome resources of all available Xanthomonas spp. strains designated as X. arboricola in the public databases to refine the members of the species based on DNA similarity indexes and core genome-based phylogeny. Our results show that out of the nine validly described pathovars within X. arboricola, pathotype strains of seven pathovars are taxonomically genuine belonging to the core clade of the species regardless of the argue of their pathogenicity on the host of isolation (thus the validity of pathovar status). However, strains of X. arboricola pv. guizotiae and X. arboricola pv. populi do not belong to X. arboricola due to the low DNA similarities between the type strain of the species and the pathotype strains of these two pathovars. Thus, we propose to elevate the two pathovars to the rank of a species as X. guizotiae sp. nov. with the type strain CFBP 7408T, and X. populina sp. nov. with the type strain CFBP 3123T. In addition, other mislabeled strains of X. arboricola were scattered within Xanthomonas spp. either belonging to previously described species or representing novel species which await formal description.