Résumé
The Global Reporting Initiative (hereafter the GRI), a pioneer organization focusing on sustainability reporting standards, introduced a new standard dedicated to tax reporting in 2019 (GRI 207: Tax), supporting tax disclosure as a material CSR issue.
Accordingly, we examine tax disclosure as framed by GRI 207. The literature on CSR reporting shows that companies increase CSR disclosures to mitigate negative attention to CSR issues. Based on this literature, we hypothesize that tax disclosure, framed by GRI 207, is positively associated with firms’ reputational risks (RRs). Our sample is composed of the 120 largest listed companies on the French financial market that are the most exposed to scrutiny. The data are collected for the year 2019.
We use linear regressions to identify the determinants of tax disclosure strategies. As expected, greater RRs are associated with higher tax disclosure. According to the GRI 207 items on disclosure, three strategies are identified with reference to the CSR pyramid by Carroll (1991). We find that reputational risks, as measured as the presence of tax havens and financial controversies, are associated with distinct tax disclosure strategies. The issuance of a disclosure standard is not a guaranty of greater transparency.
To our knowledge, our study is the first to examine tax disclosure strategies framed by the most recent standard of GRI 207 as part of CSR reporting. We provide several implications and directions for future research.