Search for long-term variability of HESS J1745-290

A Acharyya; F Aharonian; M Backes; R Batzofin; D Berge; K Bernlöhr; M Böttcher; C Boisson; J Bolmont; F Brun; B Bruno; C Burger-Scheidlin; T Bylund; J Celic; M Cerruti; A Chen; M Chernyakova; J.O Chibueze; O Chibueze; B Cornejo; G Cotter; J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye; J de Assis Scarpin; M. de Bony de Lavergne; M de Naurois; E. de Oña Wilhelmi; A.G. Delgado Giler; J Devin; A Djannati-Ataï; A Dmytriiev; K Egg; J.-P Ernenwein; C Escanuela Nieves; P Fauverge; K Feijen; M.D Filipovic; G Fontaine; S Funk; S Gabici; J.F Glicenstein; J Glombitza; P Goswami; L Heckmann; B Hess; J.A Hinton; W Hofmann; T.L Holch; M Holler; D Horns; M Jamrozy; F Jankowsky; I Jaroschewski; I Jung-Richardt; D Kerszberg; B Khélifi; N Komin; K Kosack; D Kostunin; R.G Lang; S Lazarevic; A Lemière; M Lemoine-Goumard; J.-P Lenain; P Liniewicz; J Mackey; D Malyshev; V Marandon; M.G.F Mayer; A Mehta; A.M.W Mitchell; R Moderski; L Mohrmann; A Montanari; J Niemiec; L Olivera-Nieto; M.O Moghadam; S Panny; R.D Parsons; U Pensec; P Pichard; T Preis; G Pühlhofer; M Punch; A Quirrenbach; A Reimer; O Reimer; I Reis; H.X Ren; B Reville; F Rieger; G Rowell; B Rudak; K Sabri; V Sahakian; A Santangelo; M Sasaki; F Schüssler; W. Si Said; H Sol; L Stawarz; T Tanaka; G.L Taylor; R Terrier; M Tsirou; T Unbehaun; C van Eldik; M Vecchi; C Venter; J Vink; V Voitsekhovskyi; T Wach; S.J Wagner; A Wierzcholska; M Zacharias; A Zech; W Zhong; S Zouari

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202557676

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Search for long-term variability of HESS J1745-290

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Search for long-term variability of HESS J1745-290

A Acharyya, F Aharonian, M Backes, R Batzofin, D Berge, K Bernlöhr, M Böttcher, C Boisson, J Bolmont, F Brun, …

Astronomy & Astrophysics - A&A, Vol.709

2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202557676

Résumé

At the center of our Galaxy lies the bright γ-ray point-like source HESS J1745-290, which is compatible in position with Sgr A⋆, although an association between the two remains uncertain. Using data obtained between 2004 and 2019 with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) on the Galactic center region, we studied the variability of HESS J1745-290 over 353 hours of observations collected over 16 years, representing the largest dataset gathered yet on this region at TeV energies. We performed a 3D maximum-likelihood analysis of the central source and the diffuse γ-ray emission in the Galactic center region. This analysis allowed us to extract the spectral and morphological intrinsic behavior of the two components. By performing this analysis on an annual basis, we derived the light curve of HESS J1745-290 and the diffuse emission over the past 16 years. The 3D maximum-likelihood analysis method allowed us to separate the central source from the overlapping diffuse emission, enabling a recalibration of the former by the latter and alleviating some of the systematic effects. We find no long-term or yearly variability. We also provide an estimate of the sensitivity of H.E.S.S. to variation of this specific source over 16 years. We rule out any yearly γ-ray flux variation of this source larger than 30%, as well as any linear flux variation exceeding 30% over this time period.Key words: Galaxy: center / gamma rays: general / gamma rays: ISM

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Titre: Search for long-term variability of HESS J1745-290
Créateurs - sans rôle: A Acharyya - University of Southern Denmark
F Aharonian - Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies
M Backes - University of Namibia
R Batzofin - University of Potsdam
D Berge - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
K Bernlöhr - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
M Böttcher - North-West University
C Boisson - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
J Bolmont - Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies
F Brun - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
B Bruno - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
C Burger-Scheidlin - Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies
T Bylund - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
J Celic - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
M Cerruti - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
A Chen - University of the Witwatersrand
M Chernyakova - Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies
J.O Chibueze - University of Namibia
O Chibueze - North-West University
B Cornejo - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
G Cotter - University of Oxford
J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
J de Assis Scarpin - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
M. de Bony de Lavergne - Centre de physique des particules de Marseille
M de Naurois - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
E. de Oña Wilhelmi
A.G. Delgado Giler - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
J Devin - Université de Montpellier, LUPM - Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier
A Djannati-Ataï - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
A Dmytriiev - North-West University
K Egg - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
J.-P Ernenwein - Aix-Marseille Université
C Escanuela Nieves
P Fauverge - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
K Feijen - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
M.D Filipovic - Western Sydney University
G Fontaine - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
S Funk - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
S Gabici - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
J.F Glicenstein - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
J Glombitza - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
P Goswami - Heidelberg University
L Heckmann - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
B Hess - University of Tübingen
J.A Hinton - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
W Hofmann - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
T.L Holch - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
M Holler - Universität Innsbruck
D Horns - Universität Hamburg
M Jamrozy - Jagiellonian University
F Jankowsky - Heidelberg University
I Jaroschewski - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
I Jung-Richardt - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
D Kerszberg - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
B Khélifi - Université Paris Cité
N Komin - Université de Montpellier, LUPM - Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier
K Kosack - Université Paris-Saclay
D Kostunin - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
R.G Lang - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
S Lazarevic - Western Sydney University
A Lemière - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
M Lemoine-Goumard - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
J.-P Lenain - Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies
P Liniewicz - Jagiellonian University
J Mackey - Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies
D Malyshev - University of Tübingen
V Marandon - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
M.G.F Mayer - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
A Mehta - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
A.M.W Mitchell
R Moderski - Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center
L Mohrmann - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
A Montanari - Heidelberg University
J Niemiec - Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute
L Olivera-Nieto - Astronomical Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
M.O Moghadam - University of Potsdam
S Panny - Universität Innsbruck
R.D Parsons - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
U Pensec - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
P Pichard - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
T Preis - Universität Innsbruck
G Pühlhofer - University of Tübingen
M Punch - Université Paris Cité
A Quirrenbach - Heidelberg University
A Reimer - Universität Innsbruck
O Reimer - Universität Innsbruck
I Reis - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
H.X Ren - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
B Reville - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
F Rieger - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
G Rowell - The University of Adelaide
B Rudak - Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center
K Sabri - Université de Montpellier, LUPM - Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier
V Sahakian - A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory
A Santangelo - University of Tübingen
M Sasaki - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
F Schüssler - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
W. Si Said - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
H Sol - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
L Stawarz
T Tanaka - Konan University
G.L Taylor - Heidelberg University
R Terrier - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
M Tsirou - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
T Unbehaun - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
C van Eldik - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
M Vecchi - University of Groningen
C Venter - North-West University
J Vink - Astronomical Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
V Voitsekhovskyi - Astronomical Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
T Wach - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
S.J Wagner - Heidelberg University
A Wierzcholska - Heidelberg University
M Zacharias - Heidelberg University
A Zech - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
W Zhong - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
S Zouari - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
Détails de publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics - A&A, Vol.709
Identifiants: 99243509609311
Unité académique: LUPM - Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier
Langue: Anglais
Type de ressource: Article de revue scientifique
Champs locaux: hal-05628036