Résumé
Background : The aims of this study were to assess the frequency of lower extremity arterial occlusive disease in HIV-positive patients on antiretroviral therapy by measuring the ankle-brachial index (ABI) and to examine the links between the HIV condition, antiretroviral therapy administration, and associated cardiovascular risk factors. Methods : This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with prospective data collection, conducted from May 1st to June 30th, 2022. Included were HIV-positive patients on antiretroviral therapy after signing an informed consent. The collected data included particularly the systematic and bilateral measurement of the ankle-brachial index. Any difference less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results : Our study was conducted on 150 patients. There was a female predominance with a sex ratio of 0.58. The average age was 46.78±12.37 years. The main cardiovascular risk factors identified were dyslipidemia (51.6%), hypertension (19.5%), smoking (6.9%), and diabetes (3.4%). The duration of HIV infection over 15 years was most represented at 37.6%. The frequency of PAD was 55.2%. Among these, 37.6% had poorly compensated PAD. There was a correlation between PAD and smoking (p=0.029), dyslipidemia (p=0.02), and the duration of HIV infection between 6 and 10 years (p=0.039). Conclusion : Our study shows a very high frequency of PAD in patients living with HIV and highlights the importance of the ABI in screening for PAD in this patient group.