Résumé
Visceral leishmaniasis is endemic around Mediterranean and is considered by certain authors as an opportunist disease. We report on the case of a 7-year-old girl treated by anti-TNF for an idiopathic: juvenile arthritis which has presented a visceral leishmaniasis. Four years later, she presented a pseudotumoral-like recurrence located in a nasal Mucous membrane. Leishmania infantum is classically responsible for visceral leishmaniasis but pure mucocutaneous leismaniasis has been described. It is, for our knowledge, the first observation of a recurrence of visceral leishmaniasis in a mucocutaneous location. Atypical leishmaniasis in the endemic zones can appear in immunodepressed patients and must be evoked when in doubt. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.