Résumé
This paper considers how multifunctional aspects of agriculture still remains in countries where public or private resources allocation for multifunctionality are not available. After discussing the problems raised by supporting multifunctionality as a national policy in many developing countries, it investigates the way multifunctionality works at the community level. Examples from peasants communities in Brazil and New Caledonia are analysed to illustrate the social, environmental, but also economical integration capacity of non market relationship, generally governed by reciprocity rules. They illustrate, on a local level, the apprehension of agriculture as a public good.