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Open 3-manifolds which are connected sums of closed ones
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Open 3-manifolds which are connected sums of closed ones

Laurent Bessieres, Gerard Besson et Sylvain Maillot
Journal of topology and analysis, pp.1-18
11/09/2025

Résumé

Mathematics Physical Sciences Science & Technology
We consider open, oriented 3-manifolds which are infinite connected sums of closed 3-manifolds. We introduce some topological invariants for these manifolds and obtain a classification in the case where there are only finitely many summands up to diffeomorphism. This result encompasses both the Kneser-Milnor Prime Decomposition Theorem for closed 3-manifolds and the Ker & eacute;kj & aacute;rt & oacute;-Richards classification theorem for open surfaces.

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