Résumé
Capillary electrophoresis is a powerful separation technique for the characterization of synthetic polymers. According to the nature of the polymer (evenly charged, end-charged or uncharged) and to the heterogeneity of its composition (molar mass, chemical composition, functionality distributions or differences in macromolecular architectures), different modes of separation can be implemented (in free solution, in gel or entangled polymer solution, in micellar mode). Different examples of applications using new analytical strategies in capillary electrophoresis are presented: separation according to the functionality and the molar mass of synthetic polypeptides in non aqueous electrolytes, characterization of complex polymer systems constituted of associative dibloc copolymers, bidimensional separation of polyelectrolytes differing in their chemical charge rate and molar masses, study of the polypeptide conformations from the modelling of electrophoretic mobilities.