Nanobeacon: A time calibration device for the KM3NeT neutrino telescope

S. Aiello; A. Albert; M. Alshamsi; S. Alves Garre; Z. Aly; A. Ambrosone; F. Ameli; M. Andre; G. Androulakis; M. Anghinolfi; M. Anguita; M. Ardid; S. Ardid; J. Aublin; C. Bagatelas; B. Baret; S. Basegmez Du Pree; M. Bendahman; F. Benfenati; E. Berbee; A.M. van Den Berg; V. Bertine; S. Biagi; M. Boettcher; M. Bou Cabo; J. Boumaaza; M. Bouta; M. Bouwhuis; C. Bozza; H. Brânzaş; R. Bruijn; J. Brunner; R. Bruno; E. Buis; R. Buompane; J. Busto; B. Caiffi; D. Calvo; S. Campion; A. Capone; V. Carretero; P. Castaldi; S. Celli; M. Chabab; N. Chau; A. Chena; S. Cherubini; V. Chiarella; T. Chiarusi; M. Circella; R. Cocimano; J.A.B. Coelho; A. Coleiro; M. Colomer Molla; R. Coniglione; P. Coyle; A. Creusot; A. Cruza; G. Cuttone; R. Dallier; B. de Martino; I. Di Palma; A.F. Diaz; D. Diego Tortosa; C. Distefano; A. Domi; C. Donzaud; D. Dornic; M. Dorra; D. Drouhin; T. Eberla; A. Eddyamoui; T. van Eeden; D. van Eijk; I. El Bojaddaini; S. El Hedri; A. Enzenhofer; V. Espinosa; P. Fermani; G. Ferrara; M.D. Filipovic; F. Filippini; L.A. Fusco; T. Gal; J. Garcia Mendez; F. Garufi; Y. Gatelet; C. Gatius Oliver; N. Geisselbrecht; L. Gialanella; E. Giorgio; S.R. Gozzini; R. Gracia; K. Grafa; G. Grella; D. Guderian; C. Guidi; B. Guillon; M. Gutierrez; J. Haefner; S. Hallmann; H. Hamdaoui; H. van Harena; A. Heijboer; A. Hekaloa; L. Henniga; J.J. Hernandez-Rey; J. Hofestadt; F. Huang; W. Idrissi Ibnsalih; G. Illuminati; C.W. James; D. Janezashvili; M. de Jong; P. de Jong; B.J. Jung; P. Kalaczynski; O. Kalekin; U.F. Katz; N.R. Khan Chowdhury; G. Kistauri; F. van der Knaap; P. Kooijman; A. Kouchner; V. Kulikovskiy; M. Labalme; R. Lahmann; M. Lamoureux; G. Larosa; C. Lastoria; A. Lazo; R. Le Breton; S. Le Stum; G. Lehaut; O. Leonardi; F. Leone; E. Leonora; N. Lessing; G. Levi; M. Lincetto; M. Lindsey Clark; T. Lipreau; C. Llorens Alvarez; F. Longhitano; D. Lopez-Coto; L. Maderer; J. Majumdar; J. Manczak; A. Margiotta; A. Marinelli; C. Markou; L. Martin; J.A. Martinez-Mora; A. Martini; F. Marzaioli; S. Mastroianni; K.W. Melis; G. Miele; P. Migliozzi; E. Migneco; P. Mijakowski; L.S. Miranda; C.M. Mollo; M. Moser; A. Moussa; R. Muller; M. Musumeci; L. Nauta; S. Navas; C.A. Nicolau; B. Nkosi; B.Ó. Fearraigh; M. O'Sullivan; M. Organokov; A. Orlando; J. Palacios Gonzalez; G. Papalashvilia; R. Papaleo; A.M. Paun; G.E. Păvălaş; C. Pellegrino; M. Perrin-Terrin; V. Pestel; P. Piattelli; C. Pieterse; O. Pisanti; C. Poire; V. Popa; T. Pradier; I. Probsta; S. Pulvirenti; G. Quemenera; N. Randazzo; S. Razzaquea; D. Real; S. Recka; G. Riccobene; A. Romanov; A. Rovelli; F. Salesa Greus; D.F.E. Samtleben; A. Sanchez Losa; M. Sanguineti; D. Santonocito; P. Sapienza; J. Schnabel; M.F. Schneidera; J. Schumann; H.M. Schutte; J. Seneca; I. Sgura; R. Shanidze; A. Sharma; A. Sinopoulou; B. Spisso; M. Spurio; D. Stavropoulos; S.M. Stellaccian; M. Taiutik; Y. Tayalati; H. Thiersen; S. Tingay; S. Tsagkli; V. Tsourapis; E. Tzamariudaki; D. Tzanetatos; V. van Elewyck; G. Vasileiadis; F. Versari; D. Vivolo; G. de Wasseige; J. Wilmsa; R. Wojaczynski; E. de Wolf; T. Yousfi; S. Zavatarelli; A. Zegarelli; D. Zito; J.D. Zornoza; J. Zuniga; N. Zywucka

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2022.167132

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Nanobeacon: A time calibration device for the KM3NeT neutrino telescope

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Nanobeacon: A time calibration device for the KM3NeT neutrino telescope

S. Aiello, A. Albert, M. Alshamsi, S. Alves Garre, Z. Aly, A. Ambrosone, F. Ameli, M. Andre, G. Androulakis, M. Anghinolfi, …

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol.1040

2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2022.167132

Abstract

Time calibration

Instrumentation

Neutrino telescopes

time: calibration

neutrino: detector

neutrino: atmosphere

neutrino: interaction

radiation: Cherenkov

neutrino: oscillation

neutrino: particle source

KM3NeT

Photomultiplier

Angular resolution

Charged particle

Sphere

Costs

Glass

Optical

The KM3NeT Collaboration is currently constructing a multi-site high-energy neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean Sea consisting of matrices of pressure-resistant glass spheres, each holding a set of 31 small-area photomultipliers. The main goals of the telescope are the observation of neutrino sources in the Universe and the measurement of the neutrino oscillation parameters with atmospheric neutrinos. A relative time synchronisation between photomultipliers of the nanosecond order needed to guarantee the required angular resolution of the detector. Due to the large detector volumes to be instrumented by KM3NeT, a cost reduction of the different systems is a priority. To this end, the inexpensive Nanobeacon has been designed and developed by the KM3NeT Collaboration to be used for detector time-calibration studies. At present, more than 600 Nanobeacons have been already produced. The characterisation of the optical pulse and the wavelength emission profile of the devices is critical for the time calibration. The optical pulse rise time has been quantified as less than 3 ns, while the Full Width Half Maximum is less than 6 ns. The wavelength drift, due to a variation of the supply voltage, has also been qualified as lower than 10 nm for the full range of the Nanobeacon. In this paper, more details about the main features of the Nanobeacon design, production and operation, together with the main properties of the light pulse generated are described.

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Title: Nanobeacon: A time calibration device for the KM3NeT neutrino telescope
Creators - without role: S. Aiello - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania
A. Albert - Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies
M. Alshamsi - Université Paris Cité
S. Alves Garre - Universitat de València
Z. Aly - Centre de physique des particules de Marseille
A. Ambrosone - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli
F. Ameli - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma I
M. Andre - Cidete
G. Androulakis - Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics
M. Anghinolfi - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova
M. Anguita - Universidad de Granada
M. Ardid - Universitat Politècnica de València
S. Ardid - Universitat Politècnica de València
J. Aublin - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
C. Bagatelas - Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics
B. Baret - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
S. Basegmez Du Pree
M. Bendahman - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
F. Benfenati - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna
E. Berbee - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
A.M. van Den Berg
V. Bertine - Centre de physique des particules de Marseille
S. Biagi - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
M. Boettcher - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
M. Bou Cabo
J. Boumaaza - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
M. Bouta - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
M. Bouwhuis - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
C. Bozza - Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics
H. Brânzaş - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
R. Bruijn - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
J. Brunner - Centre de physique des particules de Marseille
R. Bruno - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
E. Buis - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
R. Buompane - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
J. Busto - Centre de physique des particules de Marseille
B. Caiffi - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
D. Calvo - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
S. Campion - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
A. Capone - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma I
V. Carretero - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
P. Castaldi - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
S. Celli - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
M. Chabab - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
N. Chau - AstroParticule et Cosmologie
A. Chena
S. Cherubini - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
V. Chiarella - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
T. Chiarusi - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna
M. Circella - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
R. Cocimano - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
J.A.B. Coelho - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
A. Coleiro - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
M. Colomer Molla - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
R. Coniglione - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
P. Coyle - Centre de physique des particules de Marseille
A. Creusot - Université Paris Cité
A. Cruza
G. Cuttone - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
R. Dallier - IMT Atlantique
B. de Martino - Centre de physique des particules de Marseille
I. Di Palma - University of Bologna
A.F. Diaz - Universidad de Granada
D. Diego Tortosa
C. Distefano - National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos"
A. Domi - Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research
C. Donzaud - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
D. Dornic - Centre de physique des particules de Marseille
M. Dorra
D. Drouhin - Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies
T. Eberla
A. Eddyamoui - University of Bologna
T. van Eeden - University of Bologna
D. van Eijk - Mohammed V University
I. El Bojaddaini
S. El Hedri - AstroParticule et Cosmologie
A. Enzenhofer - Centre de physique des particules de Marseille
V. Espinosa - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
P. Fermani - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
G. Ferrara - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
M.D. Filipovic - University of Bologna
F. Filippini - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna
L.A. Fusco - Centre de physique des particules de Marseille
T. Gal - University of Bologna
J. Garcia Mendez - University of Bologna
F. Garufi - University of Bologna
Y. Gatelet - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
C. Gatius Oliver - University of Bologna
N. Geisselbrecht
L. Gialanella - Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics
E. Giorgio - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
S.R. Gozzini - University of Bologna
R. Gracia - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
K. Grafa
G. Grella - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
D. Guderian - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
C. Guidi - Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics
B. Guillon - École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen
M. Gutierrez - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
J. Haefner - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
S. Hallmann - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
H. Hamdaoui - Mohammed V University
H. van Harena
A. Heijboer - University of Bologna
A. Hekaloa
L. Henniga
J.J. Hernandez-Rey
J. Hofestadt - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
F. Huang - Centre de physique des particules de Marseille
W. Idrissi Ibnsalih - University of Bologna
G. Illuminati - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
C.W. James - University of Bologna
D. Janezashvili - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
M. de Jong - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
P. de Jong - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
B.J. Jung - University of Bologna
P. Kalaczynski - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
O. Kalekin - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova
U.F. Katz - University of Bologna
N.R. Khan Chowdhury - University of Bologna
G. Kistauri - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
F. van der Knaap - University of Bologna
P. Kooijman - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
A. Kouchner - Institut Universitaire de France
V. Kulikovskiy - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
M. Labalme - École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen
R. Lahmann - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
M. Lamoureux - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
G. Larosa - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
C. Lastoria - Centre de physique des particules de Marseille
A. Lazo - University of Bologna
R. Le Breton - AstroParticule et Cosmologie
S. Le Stum - Centre de physique des particules de Marseille
G. Lehaut - École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen
O. Leonardi - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova
F. Leone - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna
E. Leonora - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
N. Lessing - University of Bologna
G. Levi - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
M. Lincetto - Centre de physique des particules de Marseille
M. Lindsey Clark - Université Paris Cité
T. Lipreau - IMT Atlantique
C. Llorens Alvarez
F. Longhitano - University of Bologna
D. Lopez-Coto - Mohammed V University
L. Maderer - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
J. Majumdar - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
J. Manczak - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
A. Margiotta - University of Bologna
A. Marinelli - University of Bologna
C. Markou - National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos"
L. Martin - Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées
J.A. Martinez-Mora - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
A. Martini - University of Bologna
F. Marzaioli - University of Bologna
S. Mastroianni - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
K.W. Melis - University of Bologna
G. Miele - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
P. Migliozzi - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
E. Migneco - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
P. Mijakowski - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
L.S. Miranda - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
C.M. Mollo - University of Bologna
M. Moser - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
A. Moussa - University of Bologna
R. Muller - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
M. Musumeci - Université Paris Cité
L. Nauta - Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics
S. Navas - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
C.A. Nicolau - University of Bologna
B. Nkosi - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
B.Ó. Fearraigh - University of Bologna
M. O'Sullivan
M. Organokov - Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien
A. Orlando - University of Bologna
J. Palacios Gonzalez - University of Bologna
G. Papalashvilia
R. Papaleo - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
A.M. Paun - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma I
G.E. Păvălaş - University of Bologna
C. Pellegrino - Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics
M. Perrin-Terrin - Centre de physique des particules de Marseille
V. Pestel - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
P. Piattelli - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
C. Pieterse - Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics
O. Pisanti - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova
C. Poire - Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics
V. Popa - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
T. Pradier - Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien
I. Probsta
S. Pulvirenti - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
G. Quemenera - Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire de Caen
N. Randazzo - University of Bologna
S. Razzaquea
D. Real - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
S. Recka
G. Riccobene - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
A. Romanov - University of Bologna
A. Rovelli - University of Bologna
F. Salesa Greus - University of Bologna
D.F.E. Samtleben - University of Bologna
A. Sanchez Losa
M. Sanguineti - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
D. Santonocito - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
P. Sapienza - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
J. Schnabel - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
M.F. Schneidera
J. Schumann - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
H.M. Schutte - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
J. Seneca - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
I. Sgura - University of Bologna
R. Shanidze - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
A. Sharma - University of Bologna
A. Sinopoulou - University of Bologna
B. Spisso - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
M. Spurio - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
D. Stavropoulos - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
S.M. Stellaccian
M. Taiutik
Y. Tayalati - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
H. Thiersen - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
S. Tingay - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
S. Tsagkli - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
V. Tsourapis - Instituto de Física Corpuscular
E. Tzamariudaki - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
D. Tzanetatos - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
V. van Elewyck - Institut Universitaire de France
G. Vasileiadis - Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
F. Versari - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna
D. Vivolo - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
G. de Wasseige - Université Paris Cité
J. Wilmsa
R. Wojaczynski - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
E. de Wolf - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
T. Yousfi - University of Bologna
S. Zavatarelli - National Institute for Subatomic Physics
A. Zegarelli - University of Bologna
D. Zito - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
J.D. Zornoza - University of Bologna
J. Zuniga - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
N. Zywucka - University of Bologna
Publication Details: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol.1040
Identifiers: 9933893809311
Academic Unit: Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article
Local Fields: hal-03778342