Multifrequency Studies of the Peculiar Quasar 4C +21.35 during the 2010 Flaring Activity

M. Ackermann; M. Ajello; A. Allafort; E. Antolini; G. Barbiellini; D. Bastieri; R. Bellazzini; E. Bissaldi; E. Bonamente; J. Bregeon; M. Brigida; P. Bruel; R. Buehler; S. Buson; G.A. Caliandro; R.A. Cameron; P.A. Caraveo; E. Cavazzuti; C. Cecchi; R.C.G. Chaves; A. Chekhtman; J. Chiang; G. Chiaro; S. Ciprini; R. Claus; Johann Cohen-Tanugi; J. Conrad; S. Cutini; F. d'Ammando; F. de Palma; C.D. Dermer; E. Do Couto E Silva; D. Donato; P.S. Drell; C. Favuzzi; J. Finke; W.B. Focke; A. Franckowiak; Y. Fukazawa; P. Fusco; F. Gargano; D. Gasparrini; N. Gehrels; N. Giglietto; F. Giordano; M. Giroletti; G. Godfrey; I.A. Grenier; S. Guiriec; M. Hayashida; J.W. Hewitt; D. Horan; R.E. Hughes; G. Iafrate; A.S. Johnson; J. Knodlseder; M. Kuss; J. Lande; S. Larsson; L. Latronico; F. Longo; F. Loparco; M.N. Lovellette; P. Lubrano; M. Mayer; M.N. Mazziotta; J.E. Mcenery; P.F. Michelson; T. Mizuno; M.E. Monzani; A. Morselli; I.V. Moskalenko; S. Murgia; R. Nemmen; E. Nuss; T. Ohsugi; M. Orienti; E. Orlando; J.S. Perkins; M. Pesce-Rollins; F. Piron; G. Pivato; T.A. Porter; S. Rainò; M. Razzano; A. Reimer; O. Reimer; D.A. Sanchez; A. Schulz; C. Sgrò; E.J. Siskind; G. Spandre; P. Spinelli; L. Stawarz; H. Takahashi; T. Takahashi; J.G. Thayer; J.B. Thayer; D.J. Thompson; M. Tinivella; D.F. Torres; G. Tosti; E. Troja; T.L. Usher; J. Vandenbroucke; V. Vasileiou; G. Vianello; V. Vitale; M. Werner; B.L. Winer; D.L. Wood; K.S. Wood; J. Aleksic; S. Ansoldi; L.A. Antonelli; P. Antoranz; A. Babic; P. Bangale; U. Barres de Almeida; J.A. Barrio; J. Becerra Gonzalez; W. Bednarek; K. Berger; E. Bernardini; A. Biland; O. Blanch; R.K. Bock; S. Bonnefoy; G. Bonnoli; F. Borracci; T. Bretz; E. Carmona; A. Carosi; D. Carreto Fidalgo; P. Colin; E. Colombo; J.L. Contreras; J. Cortina; S. Covino; P. da Vela; F. Dazzi; A. de Angelis; G. de Caneva; B. de Lotto; C. Delgado Mendez; M. Doert; A. Dominguez; D. Dominis Prester; D. Dorner; M. Doro; S. Einecke; D. Eisenacher; D. Elsaesser; E. Farina; D. Ferenc; M.V. Fonseca; L. Font; K. Frantzen; C. Fruck; R. J. Garcia Lopez; M. Garczarczyk; D. Garrido Terrats; M. Gaug; G. Giavitto; N. Godinovic; A. Gonzalez Munoz; S.R. Gozzini; D. Hadasch; A. Herrero; D. Hildebrand; J. Hose; D. Hrupec; W. Idec; V. Kadenius; H. Kellermann; M.L. Knoetig; K. Kodani; Y. Konno; J. Krause; H. Kubo; J. Kushida; A. La Barbera; D. Lelas; N. Lewandowska; E. Lindfors; S. Lombardi; M. Lopez; R. Lopez-Coto; A. Lopez-Oramas; E. Lorenz; I. Lozano; M. Makariev; K. Mallot; G. Maneva; N. Mankuzhiyil; K. Mannheim; L. Maraschi; B. Marcote; M. Mariotti; M. Martinez; D. Mazin; U. Menzel; M. Meucci; J.M. Miranda; R. Mirzoyan; A. Moralejo; P. Munar-Adrover; D. Nakajima; A. Niedzwiecki; K. Nishijima; K. Nilsson; N. Nowak; R. Orito; A. Overkemping; S. Paiano; M. Palatiello; D. Paneque; R. Paoletti; J.M. Paredes; X. Paredes-Fortuny; S. Partini; M. Persic; F. Prada; P. G. Prada Moroni; E. Prandini; S. Preziuso; I. Puljak; R. Reinthal; W. Rhode; M. Ribo; J. Rico; J. Rodriguez Garcia; S. Rugamer; A. Saggion; T. Saito; K. Saito; M. Salvati; K. Satalecka; V. Scalzotto; V. Scapin; C. Schultz; T. Schweizer; S.N. Shore; A. Sillanpaa; J. Sitarek; I. Snidaric; D. Sobczynska; F. Spanier; V. Stamatescu; A. Stamerra; T. Steinbring; J. Storz; S. Sun; T. Suric; L. Takalo; H. Takami; F. Tavecchio; P. Temnikov; T. Terzic; D. Tescaro; M. Teshima; J. Thaele; O. Tibolla; T. Toyama; A. Treves; P. Vogler; R.M. Wagner; F. Zandanel; R. Zanin; M.F. Aller; E. Angelakis; D.A. Blinov; S.G. Djorgovski; A.J. Drake; N.V. Efimova; M.A. Gurwell; D.C. Homan; B. Jordan; E.N. Kopatskaya; Y.Y. Kovalev; O.M. Kurtanidze; A. Lahteenmaki; V.M. Larionov; M.L. Lister; E. Nieppola; M.G. Nikolashvili; E. Ros; T. Savolainen; L.A. Sigua; M. Tornikoski

doi:10.1088/0004-637X/786/2/157

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Multifrequency Studies of the Peculiar Quasar 4C +21.35 during the 2010 Flaring Activity

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Multifrequency Studies of the Peculiar Quasar 4C +21.35 during the 2010 Flaring Activity

M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Allafort, E. Antolini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, E. Bonamente, J. Bregeon, …

The Astrophysical Journal, Vol.786

2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/786/2/157

Abstract

radiation mechanisms: non-thermal

quasars: individual (4C +21.35)

quasars: general

gamma rays: general

galaxies: active

gamma ray: emission

emission: model

energy: high

black hole: Kerr

flux: density

VHE

optical

quasar

MAGIC

GLAST

synchrotron

gravitation

spectral

electron

photon

torus

X-ray

The discovery of rapidly variable Very High Energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) γ-ray emission from 4C +21.35 (PKS 1222+216) by MAGIC on 2010 June 17, triggered by the high activity detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) in high energy (HE; E > 100 MeV) γ-rays, poses intriguing questions on the location of the γ-ray emitting region in this flat spectrum radio quasar. We present multifrequency data of 4C +21.35 collected from centimeter to VHE during 2010 to investigate the properties of this source and discuss a possible emission model. The first hint of detection at VHE was observed by MAGIC on 2010 May 3, soon after a γ-ray flare detected by Fermi-LAT that peaked on April 29. The same emission mechanism may therefore be responsible for both the HE and VHE emission during the 2010 flaring episodes. Two optical peaks were detected on 2010 April 20 and June 30, close in time but not simultaneous with the two γ-ray peaks, while no clear connection was observed between the X-ray and γ-ray emission. An increasing flux density was observed in radio and mm bands from the beginning of 2009, in accordance with the increasing γ-ray activity observed by Fermi-LAT, and peaking on 2011 January 27 in the mm regime (230 GHz). We model the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 4C +21.35 for the two periods of the VHE detection and a quiescent state, using a one-zone model with the emission coming from a very compact region outside the broad line region. The three SEDs can be fit with a combination of synchrotron self-Compton and external Compton emission of seed photons from a dust torus, changing only the electron distribution parameters between the epochs. The fit of the optical/UV part of the spectrum for 2010 April 29 seems to favor an inner disk radius of <six gravitational radii, as one would expect from a prograde-rotating Kerr black hole.

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Title: Multifrequency Studies of the Peculiar Quasar 4C +21.35 during the 2010 Flaring Activity
Creators - without role: M. Ackermann - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
M. Ajello - University of California, Berkeley
A. Allafort - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
E. Antolini - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia
G. Barbiellini - University of Trieste
D. Bastieri - University of Padua
R. Bellazzini - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa
E. Bissaldi - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste
E. Bonamente - University of Perugia
J. Bregeon - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa
M. Brigida - Polytechnic University of Bari
P. Bruel - École Polytechnique
R. Buehler - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
S. Buson - University of Padua
G.A. Caliandro - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
R.A. Cameron - Stanford University
P.A. Caraveo - Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Milano
E. Cavazzuti - Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
C. Cecchi - University of Perugia
R.C.G. Chaves - Université Paris Cité
A. Chekhtman - George Mason University
J. Chiang - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
G. Chiaro - University of Padua
S. Ciprini - Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
R. Claus - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
Johann Cohen-Tanugi - Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
J. Conrad - Stockholm University
S. Cutini - Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
F. d'Ammando
F. de Palma - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari
C.D. Dermer - United States Naval Research Laboratory
E. Do Couto E Silva
D. Donato - University of Maryland, College Park
P.S. Drell - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
C. Favuzzi - Polytechnic University of Bari
J. Finke - United States Naval Research Laboratory
W.B. Focke - Stanford University
A. Franckowiak - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
Y. Fukazawa - Hiroshima University
P. Fusco - Polytechnic University of Bari
F. Gargano - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari
D. Gasparrini - Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
N. Gehrels - Goddard Space Flight Center
N. Giglietto - Polytechnic University of Bari
F. Giordano - Polytechnic University of Bari
M. Giroletti - Istituto di Radioastronomia di Bologna
G. Godfrey - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
I.A. Grenier - CEA Paris-Saclay
S. Guiriec - Goddard Space Flight Center
M. Hayashida - The University of Tokyo
J.W. Hewitt - Goddard Space Flight Center
D. Horan - Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet
R.E. Hughes - The Ohio State University
G. Iafrate - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste
A.S. Johnson - Stanford University
J. Knodlseder - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
M. Kuss - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa
J. Lande - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
S. Larsson - Stockholm University
L. Latronico - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino
F. Longo - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste
F. Loparco - Polytechnic University of Bari
M.N. Lovellette - United States Naval Research Laboratory
P. Lubrano - University of Perugia
M. Mayer - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
M.N. Mazziotta - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari
J.E. Mcenery - University of Maryland, College Park
P.F. Michelson - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
T. Mizuno - Hiroshima University
M.E. Monzani - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
A. Morselli - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Roma Tor Vergata
I.V. Moskalenko - Stanford University
S. Murgia - University of California, Irvine
R. Nemmen - Goddard Space Flight Center
E. Nuss - Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
T. Ohsugi - Hiroshima University
M. Orienti - Istituto di Radioastronomia di Bologna
E. Orlando - Stanford University
J.S. Perkins - Goddard Space Flight Center
M. Pesce-Rollins - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa
F. Piron - Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
G. Pivato - University of Padua
T.A. Porter - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
S. Rainò - Polytechnic University of Bari
M. Razzano - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa
A. Reimer - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
O. Reimer - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
D.A. Sanchez - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
A. Schulz - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
C. Sgrò - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa
E.J. Siskind - Real Time Tomography
G. Spandre - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa
P. Spinelli - Polytechnic University of Bari
L. Stawarz
H. Takahashi - Goddard Space Flight Center
T. Takahashi - Institute of Space and Astronautical Science
J.G. Thayer - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
J.B. Thayer - Stanford University
D.J. Thompson - Goddard Space Flight Center
M. Tinivella - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa
D.F. Torres - Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats
G. Tosti - University of Perugia
E. Troja - Goddard Space Flight Center
T.L. Usher - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
J. Vandenbroucke - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
V. Vasileiou - Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
G. Vianello - Consorzio Interuniversitario Fisica Spaziale
V. Vitale - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Roma Tor Vergata
M. Werner - Universität Innsbruck
B.L. Winer - The Ohio State University
D.L. Wood - Praxis
K.S. Wood - United States Naval Research Laboratory
J. Aleksic - Institute for High Energy Physics
S. Ansoldi - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste
L.A. Antonelli - National Institute for Astrophysics
P. Antoranz - University of Siena
A. Babic - University of Rijeka
P. Bangale - Max Planck Institute for Physics
U. Barres de Almeida
J.A. Barrio - Universidad Complutense de Madrid
J. Becerra Gonzalez
W. Bednarek - University of Łódź
K. Berger - Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
E. Bernardini - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
A. Biland - ETH Zurich
O. Blanch - Institute for High Energy Physics
R.K. Bock - Max Planck Institute for Physics
S. Bonnefoy - Universidad Complutense de Madrid
G. Bonnoli - National Institute for Astrophysics
F. Borracci - Max Planck Institute for Physics
T. Bretz - University of Würzburg
E. Carmona - Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas
A. Carosi - National Institute for Astrophysics
D. Carreto Fidalgo
P. Colin - Max Planck Institute for Physics
E. Colombo - Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
J.L. Contreras - Universidad Complutense de Madrid
J. Cortina - Institute for High Energy Physics
S. Covino - National Institute for Astrophysics
P. da Vela - University of Siena
F. Dazzi - University of Padua
A. de Angelis - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste
G. de Caneva - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
B. de Lotto - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste
C. Delgado Mendez
M. Doert - TU Dortmund University
A. Dominguez - Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía
D. Dominis Prester
D. Dorner - University of Würzburg
M. Doro - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova
S. Einecke - TU Dortmund University
D. Eisenacher - University of Würzburg
D. Elsaesser - University of Würzburg
E. Farina - University of Insubria
D. Ferenc - University of Rijeka
M.V. Fonseca - Universidad Complutense de Madrid
L. Font - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
K. Frantzen - TU Dortmund University
C. Fruck - Max Planck Institute for Physics
R. J. Garcia Lopez - Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
M. Garczarczyk - Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
D. Garrido Terrats
M. Gaug - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
G. Giavitto - Institute for High Energy Physics
N. Godinovic - University of Rijeka
A. Gonzalez Munoz
S.R. Gozzini - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
D. Hadasch - Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats
A. Herrero - Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
D. Hildebrand - ETH Zurich
J. Hose - Max Planck Institute for Physics
D. Hrupec - University of Rijeka
W. Idec - University of Łódź
V. Kadenius - University of Turku
H. Kellermann - Max Planck Institute for Physics
M.L. Knoetig - Max Planck Institute for Physics
K. Kodani - Kyoto University
Y. Konno - Kyoto University
J. Krause - Max Planck Institute for Physics
H. Kubo - Kyoto University
J. Kushida - Kyoto University
A. La Barbera - National Institute for Astrophysics
D. Lelas
N. Lewandowska - University of Würzburg
E. Lindfors - University of Turku
S. Lombardi - National Institute for Astrophysics
M. Lopez - Universidad Complutense de Madrid
R. Lopez-Coto - Institute for High Energy Physics
A. Lopez-Oramas - Institute for High Energy Physics
E. Lorenz - Max Planck Institute for Physics
I. Lozano - Universidad Complutense de Madrid
M. Makariev - Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy
K. Mallot - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
G. Maneva - Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy
N. Mankuzhiyil - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste
K. Mannheim - University of Würzburg
L. Maraschi - National Institute for Astrophysics
B. Marcote - Universitat de Barcelona
M. Mariotti - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova
M. Martinez
D. Mazin - Max Planck Institute for Physics
U. Menzel - Max Planck Institute for Physics
M. Meucci - University of Siena
J.M. Miranda - University of Siena
R. Mirzoyan - Max Planck Institute for Physics
A. Moralejo - Institute for High Energy Physics
P. Munar-Adrover - Universitat de Barcelona
D. Nakajima - Max Planck Institute for Physics
A. Niedzwiecki - University of Łódź
K. Nishijima - Kyoto University
K. Nilsson - University of Turku
N. Nowak - Max Planck Institute for Physics
R. Orito - Kyoto University
A. Overkemping - TU Dortmund University
S. Paiano - University of Padua
M. Palatiello - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste
D. Paneque - Max Planck Institute for Physics
R. Paoletti - University of Siena
J.M. Paredes - Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya
X. Paredes-Fortuny - Universitat de Barcelona
S. Partini - University of Siena
M. Persic - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste
F. Prada - Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía
P. G. Prada Moroni
E. Prandini - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova
S. Preziuso - University of Siena
I. Puljak - University of Rijeka
R. Reinthal - University of Turku
W. Rhode - TU Dortmund University
M. Ribo - Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya
J. Rico - Institute for High Energy Physics
J. Rodriguez Garcia
S. Rugamer - University of Würzburg
A. Saggion - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova
T. Saito - Kyoto University
K. Saito - Kyoto University
M. Salvati - National Institute for Astrophysics
K. Satalecka - Universidad Complutense de Madrid
V. Scalzotto - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova
V. Scapin - Universidad Complutense de Madrid
C. Schultz - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova
T. Schweizer - Max Planck Institute for Physics
S.N. Shore - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa
A. Sillanpaa - University of Turku
J. Sitarek - Institute for High Energy Physics
I. Snidaric - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste
D. Sobczynska - University of Łódź
F. Spanier - University of Würzburg
V. Stamatescu - Institute for High Energy Physics
A. Stamerra - National Institute for Astrophysics
T. Steinbring - University of Würzburg
J. Storz - University of Würzburg
S. Sun - Max Planck Institute for Physics
T. Suric - University of Rijeka
L. Takalo - University of Turku
H. Takami - Kyoto University
F. Tavecchio - National Institute for Astrophysics
P. Temnikov - Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy
T. Terzic - University of Rijeka
D. Tescaro - Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
M. Teshima - Max Planck Institute for Physics
J. Thaele - TU Dortmund University
O. Tibolla - University of Würzburg
T. Toyama - Max Planck Institute for Physics
A. Treves - University of Insubria
P. Vogler - ETH Zurich
R.M. Wagner - Max Planck Institute for Physics
F. Zandanel - Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía
R. Zanin - Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya
M.F. Aller - University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
E. Angelakis - Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy
D.A. Blinov - Pulkovo Observatory
S.G. Djorgovski - California Institute of Technology
A.J. Drake - California Institute of Technology
N.V. Efimova
M.A. Gurwell - Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian
D.C. Homan - Denison University
B. Jordan - Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies
E.N. Kopatskaya - Institute of Applied Astronomy
Y.Y. Kovalev - Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy
O.M. Kurtanidze - Kazan Federal University
A. Lahteenmaki - Aalto University
V.M. Larionov - Institute of Applied Astronomy
M.L. Lister - Purdue University West Lafayette
E. Nieppola - Aalto University
M.G. Nikolashvili - Abastumani Astrophysical Observatory
E. Ros - Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy
T. Savolainen - Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy
L.A. Sigua - Abastumani Astrophysical Observatory
M. Tornikoski - Aalto University
Publication Details: The Astrophysical Journal, Vol.786
Identifiers: 9935242809311
Academic Unit: Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article
Local Fields: hal-02017048