Morbidity and mortality after anaesthesia in early life: results of the European prospective multicentre observational study, neonate and children audit of anaesthesia practice in Europe (NECTARINE)

Nicola Disma; Francis Veyckemans; Katalin Virag; Tom Hansen; Karin Becke; Pierre Harlet; Laszlo Vutskits; Suellen Walker; Jurgen de Graaff; Marzena Zielinska; Dusica Simic; Thomas Engelhardt; Walid Habre; Christian Breschan; Rudolf Likar; Manuela Platzer; Isole Edelman; Johanes Eger; Stefan Heschl; Brigitte Messerer; Maria Vittinghof; Ruth Kroess; Martina Stichlberger; David Kahn; Thierry Pirotte; Caroline Pregardien; France Stevens; Johan Berghmans; Annemie Bauters; Luc de Baerdemaeker; Stefan de Hert; Koen Lapage; Aliaksandra Parashchanka; Jurgen van Limmen; Piet Wyffels; Julie Lauweryns; Nadia Najafi; Joris Vundelinckx; Diana Butković; Ivana Kerovec Sorić; Sandra Kralik; Ana Markić; Josip Azman; Josko Markic; Daniela Pupacic; Michal Frelich; Petr Reimer; Rene Urbanec; Petra Cajkova; Vladimir Mixa; Yvona Sedlačkova; Lenka Knoppova; Alena Zlamalova (nee Květoňova); Martin Vavřina; Jiři Žurek; Arash Afshari; Anders Bille; Marguerite Ellekvist; Mari-Liis Ilmoja; Reet Moor; Reet Kikas; Merle Vali; Kariantti Kallio; Elisa Reponen; Pertti Suominen; Sami Suvanto; Raisa Vahatalo; Hannu Kokki; Merja Kokki; Jarkko Harju; Miia Kokkonen; Jenni Vieri; Tuula Manner; Catherine Amory; Hugues Ludot; Dina Bert; Juliette Godart; Anne Laffargue; Herve Dupont; Benjamin Urbina; Catherine Baujard; Philippe Roulleau; Giuseppe Staiti; Maryline Bordes; Karine Nouette Gaulain; Yann Hamonic; Francois Semjen; Olivier Jacqmarcq; Caroline Lejus-Bourdeau; Cecile Magne; Lea Petry; Lilica Ros; Aurelien Zang; Mehdi Bennis; Bernard Coustets; Rose Fesseau; Isabelle Constant; Eliane Khalil; Nada Sabourdin; Noemie Audren; Thomas Descarpentries; Fanny Fabre; Aurelien Legrand; Emilie Druot; Gilles Orliaguet; Lucie Sabau; Lynn Uhrig; Francois de La Briere; Karin Jonckheer; Jean-Paul Mission; Lucia Scordo; Caroline Couchepin; Christophe Dadure; Pablo de La Arena; Laurent Hertz; Philippe Pirat; Chrystelle Sola; Myriam Bellon; Souhayl Dahmani; Florence Julien-Marsollier; Daphne Michelet; Veronique Depret-Donatien; Anne Lesage; Jost Kaufmann; Michael Laschat; Frank Wappler; Lena Brunner; Karin Oppenrieder; Gregor Badelt; Karin Hochmuth; Bernhard Koller; Anita Reil; Sebastian Richter; Thomas Fischer; Anja Diers; Clemens Schorer; Andreas Weyland; Ruth Cohausz; Franz-Josef Kretz; Michaela Loffler; Markus Wilbs; Claudia Hoehne; Johanna Ulrici; Christiane Goeters; Armin Flinspach; Matthias Klages; Simone Lindau; Leila Messroghli; Kai Zacharowski; Christoph Eisner; Thomas Mueller; Daniel Richter; Melanie Schafer; Markus Weigand; Sebastian Weiterer; Miriam Ochsenreiter; Michael Scholer; Tom Terboven; Isabel Eggemann; Sascha Haussmann; Nicolas Leister; Christoph Menzel; Uwe Trieschmann; Sirin Yucetepe; Susanna Keilig; Peter Kranke; Yvonne Jelting; Torsten Baehner; Richard Ellerkmann; Shahab Ghamari; Claudia Neumann; Martin Sohle; Pelagia Chloropoulou; Vagia Ntritsou; Pinelopi Papagiannopoulou; Eleana Garini; Afroditi Karafotia; Panagoula Mammi; Evangelia Bali; Despoina Iordanidou; Anna Malisiova; Artemis Polyzoi; Adelais Tsiotou; Erzsebet Sapi; Edgar Szekely; Nandor Kosik; Veronika Maraczi; Janos Schnur; Judit Csillag; Janos Gal; Gergely Gobl; Balazs Hauser; Andras Petroczy; Gyula Tovishazi; Stuart Blain; Sarah Gallagher; Sinead Harte; Mandy Jackson; Emma Meehan; Zeenat Nawoor; Brendan O’hare; Mark Ross; Daniela Lerro; Marinella Astuto; Chiara Grasso; Rita Scalisi; Giulia Frasacco; Elena Lenares; Roberto Leone; Maurizia Grazzini; Carmelo Minardi; Nicola Zadra; Gilda Cinnella; Antonella Cotoia; Dario Galante; Brita de Lorenzo; Beate Kuppers; Giulia Bottazzi; Fabio Caramelli; Maria Mondardini; Emanuele Rossetti; Sergio Picardo; Alessandro Vittori; Anna Camporesi; Andrea Wolfler; Edoardo Calderini; Laura Colantonio; Simona Finamore; Giuliana Porro; Rachele Bonfiglio; Svetlana Kotzeva; Leila Mameli; Girolamo Mattioli; Camilla Micalizzi; Alessia Montaguti; Angela Pistorio; Clelia Zanaboni; Anna Guddo; Gerald Neba; Moreno Favarato; Bruno Locatelli; Micol Maffioletti; Valter Sonzogni; Rossella Garra; Maria Sammartino; Fabio Sbaraglia; Andrea Cortegiani; Alessandra Moscarelli; Elena Attanasi; Simonetta Tesoro; Cristina Agapiti; Francesca Pinzoni; Cesare Vezzoli; Federico Bilotta; Arta Barzdina; Zane Straume; Anda Zundane; Laura Lukosiene; Irena Maraulaite; Ilona Razlevice; Bernd Schmitz; Stephanie Mifsud; Carolin Aehling; Celia Allison; Rients de Boer; Dina Emal; Markus Stevens; Marielle Buitenhuis; Inge de Liefde; Andreas Machotta; Gail Scoones; Lonneke Staals; Jeremy Tomas; Anouk van Der; Knijff-Van Dortmont; Marianne Veldhuizen; David Alders; Wolfgang Buhre; Eva Schafrat; Jan Schreiber; Petronella Vermeulen; Mark Hendriks; Sandra Lako; Marieke Voet-Lindner; Barbe Pieters; Gert-Jan Scheffer; Luc Tielens; Anthony Absalom; Margot Bergsma; Joke de Ruiter; Sascha Meier; Martin Volkers; Tjerk Zweers; Anne Beukers; Christa Boer; Jurgen Dertinger; Sandra Numan; Bas van Zaane; Wenche Boerke; Nil Ekiz; Kristoffer Stensrud; Inger Drage; Erik Isern; Alicja Bartkowska-Sniatkowska; Malgorzata Grzeskowiak; Magdalena Juzwa-Sobieraj; Jowita Rosada-Kurasińska; Artur Baranowski; Karina Jakubowska; Dorota Lewandowska; Magdalena Mierzewska-Schmidt; Piotr Sawicki; Magdalena Urban-Lechowicz; Pomianek Przemyslaw; Teresa Leal; Maria Soares; Pedro Pina; Silvia Pinho; Maria Domingas Patuleia; Catarina Esteves; Helena Salgado; Maria Santos; Rodica Badeti; Iulia Cindea; Loredana Oana; Adriana Gurita; Luminita Ilie; Gabriel Mocioiu; Radu Tabacaru; Irina Trante; Valentin Munteanu; Mihai Morariu; Emese Nyiri; Ivana Budic; Vesna Marjanovic; Biljana Drašković; Marina Pandurov; Jordanka Ilic; Ana Mandras; Zdenka Rados; Nikola Stankovic; Maja Suica; Sladjana Vasiljevic; Mirjana Knezevic; Irina Milojevic; Ivana Petrov; Selena Puric Racic; Irena Simic; Marija Stevic; Irena Vulicevic; Barbora Cabanova; Miloslav Hanula; Jelena Berger; Darja Janjatovic; Špela Štupnik; Ivan Kohn; Ulf Lindestam; Jarl Reinhard; Albert Castellheim; Kerstin Sandstrom; Sporre Bengt; Rainer Dorenberg; Peter Frykholm; Maria Garcia; Ann Kvarnstrom; Emma Ponten; Thomas Bruelisauer; Gabor Erdoes; Heiko Kaiser; Mathias Marchon; Thomas Riva; Stefan Seiler; Yann Bogli; Mirko Dolci; Carine Marcucci; Isabelle Pichon; Mattias Casutt; Martin Holzle; Thomas Hurni; Martin Johr; Anna Ursina; Jacqueline Mauch Malar; Thomas Erb; Karin Oeinck; Mine Akin; Gulsen Keskin; Yesim Senayli; Guner Kaya; Pinar Kendigelen; Ayse Tutuncu; Zehra Hatipoğlu; Dilek Ozcengiz; Hale Aksu Erdost; Elvan Ocmen; Cimen Olguner; Hilmi Ayanoglu; Pelin Dincer; Tumay Umuroglu; Mustafa Azizoglu; Handan Birbicer; Nurcan Doruk; Asli Sagun; Sibel Baris; Dmytro Dmytriiev; Sridevi Kuchi; Nuria Masip; Peter Brooks; Alison Hare; Nargis Ahmad; Michelle Casey; Sam de Silva; Nadine Dobby; Prakash Krishnan; L. Amaki Sogbodjor; Ellie Walker; Stephanie King; Katy Nicholson; Michelle Quinney; Paul Stevens; Andrew Blevin; Mariangela Giombini; Chulananda Goonasekera; Sadia Adil; Stephanie Bew; Carol Bodlani; Dan Gilpin; Stephanie Jinks; Nalini Malarkkan; Alice Miskovic; Rebecca Pad; Juliet Barry; Joy Abbott; James Armstrong; Natalie Cooper; Lindsay Crate; John Emery; Kathryn James; Hannah King; Paul Martin; Stefano Catenacci; Rob Bomont; Paul Smith; Sara Mele; Alessandra Verzelloni; Philippa Dix; Graham Bell; Elena Gordeva; Lesley Mckee; Esther Ngan; Jutta Scheffczik; Li-En Tan; Mark Worrall; Carmel Cassar; Kevin Goddard; Victoria Barlow; Vimmi Oshan; Khairi Shah; Sarah Bell; Lisa Daniels; Monica Gandhi; David Pachter; Chris Perry; Andrew Robertson; Carmen Scott; Lynne Waring; David Barnes; Sophie Childs; Joanne Norman; Robin Sunderland

doi:10.1016/j.bja.2021.02.016

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Morbidity and mortality after anaesthesia in early life: results of the European prospective multicentre observational study, neonate and children audit of anaesthesia practice in Europe (NECTARINE)

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Morbidity and mortality after anaesthesia in early life: results of the European prospective multicentre observational study, neonate and children audit of anaesthesia practice in Europe (NECTARINE)

Nicola Disma, Francis Veyckemans, Katalin Virag, Tom Hansen, Karin Becke, Pierre Harlet, Laszlo Vutskits, Suellen Walker, Jurgen de Graaff, Marzena Zielinska, …

British Journal of Anaesthesia, Vol.126(6), pp.1157-1172

06/2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2021.02.016

PMID: 33812668

Abstract

Critical events

Neonates

Outcome

Patient safety

Quality

Age Factors

Anesthesia

Infant

Infant, Newborn

Infant, Premature

Intraoperative Complications

Male

Medical Audit

Postoperative Complications

Prospective Studies

Risk Assessment

Risk Factors

Anesthetics

Surgical Procedures, Operative

Time Factors

Comorbidity

Europe

Female

Gestational Age

Health Status

Humans

Incidence

Background: Neonates and infants requiring anaesthesia are at risk of physiological instability and complications, but triggers for peri-anaesthetic interventions and associations with subsequent outcome are unknown.Methods: This prospective, observational study recruited patients up to 60 weeks' postmenstrual age undergoing anaesthesia for surgical or diagnostic procedures from 165 centres in 31 European countries between March 2016 and January 2017. The primary aim was to identify thresholds of pre-determined physiological variables that triggered a medical intervention. The secondary aims were to evaluate morbidities, mortality at 30 and 90 days, or both, and associations with critical events.Results: Infants (n=5609) born at mean (standard deviation [sd]) 36.2 (4.4) weeks postmenstrual age (35.7% preterm) underwent 6542 procedures within 63 (48) days of birth. Critical event(s) requiring intervention occurred in 35.2% of cases, mainly hypotension (>30% decrease in blood pressure) or reduced oxygenation (SpO2 <85%). Postmenstrual age influenced the incidence and thresholds for intervention. Risk of critical events was increased by prior neonatal medical conditions, congenital anomalies, or both (relative risk [RR]=1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.28) and in those requiring preoperative intensive support (RR=1.27; 95% CI, 1.15-1.41). Additional complications occurred in 16.3% of patients by 30 days, and overall 90-day mortality was 3.2% (95% CI, 2.7-3.7%). Co-occurrence of intraoperative hypotension, hypoxaemia, and anaemia was associated with increased risk of morbidity (RR=3.56; 95% CI, 1.64-7.71) and mortality (RR=19.80; 95% CI, 5.87-66.7).Conclusions: Variability in physiological thresholds that triggered an intervention, and the impact of poor tissue oxygenation on patient's outcome, highlight the need for more standardised perioperative management guidelines for neonates and infants.

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Title: Morbidity and mortality after anaesthesia in early life: results of the European prospective multicentre observational study, neonate and children audit of anaesthesia practice in Europe (NECTARINE)
Creators - without role: Nicola Disma - Istituto Giannina Gaslini
Francis Veyckemans - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille
Katalin Virag - University of Szeged
Tom Hansen - Odense University Hospital
Karin Becke - Cnopf´sche Kinderklinik
Pierre Harlet - European Society of Anaesthesiology
Laszlo Vutskits - Geneva College
Suellen Walker - University College London
Jurgen de Graaff - Eramus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital
Marzena Zielinska - University of Wrocław
Dusica Simic - University of Belgrade
Thomas Engelhardt - Montreal Children's Hospital
Walid Habre - Geneva College
Christian Breschan - Klinikum Klagenfurt
Rudolf Likar - Klinikum Klagenfurt
Manuela Platzer - Klinikum Klagenfurt
Isole Edelman - Klinikum Klagenfurt
Johanes Eger - Medical University of Graz
Stefan Heschl - Medical University of Graz
Brigitte Messerer - Medical University of Graz
Maria Vittinghof - Medical University of Graz
Ruth Kroess - Medical University of Graz
Martina Stichlberger - Innsbruck Medical University
David Kahn - Cliniques universitaires St Luc [Bruxelles]
Thierry Pirotte - Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc
Caroline Pregardien - Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc
France Stevens - Grand Charleroi Hospital
Johan Berghmans - Queen Fabiola Children's University Hospital
Annemie Bauters - Ghent University Hospital
Luc de Baerdemaeker - Ghent University Hospital
Stefan de Hert - Ghent University Hospital
Koen Lapage - Ghent University Hospital
Aliaksandra Parashchanka - Ghent University Hospital
Jurgen van Limmen - Ghent University Hospital
Piet Wyffels - Ghent University Hospital
Julie Lauweryns
Nadia Najafi - Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel
Joris Vundelinckx - Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg
Diana Butković - Children's Hospital Zagreb
Ivana Kerovec Sorić - Children's Hospital Zagreb
Sandra Kralik - Children's Hospital Zagreb
Ana Markić - Children's Hospital Zagreb
Josip Azman - University of Rijeka
Josko Markic - University of Split
Daniela Pupacic - University of Split
Michal Frelich - University Hospital Ostrava
Petr Reimer - University Hospital Ostrava
Rene Urbanec - University Hospital Ostrava
Petra Cajkova - University Hospital in Motol
Vladimir Mixa - University Hospital in Motol
Yvona Sedlačkova - University Hospital Brno
Lenka Knoppova - University Hospital Brno
Alena Zlamalova (nee Květoňova)
Martin Vavřina - University Hospital Brno
Jiři Žurek - University Hospital Brno
Arash Afshari - Rigshospitalet
Anders Bille - Rigshospitalet
Marguerite Ellekvist - University of Copenhagen
Mari-Liis Ilmoja
Reet Moor - Tallinn Health Care College
Reet Kikas - Tartu University Hospital
Merle Vali - Tartu University Hospital
Kariantti Kallio - Helsinki University Hospital
Elisa Reponen - Helsinki University Hospital
Pertti Suominen - Helsinki University Hospital
Sami Suvanto - Helsinki University Hospital
Raisa Vahatalo - Helsinki University Hospital
Hannu Kokki
Merja Kokki - Kuopio University Hospital
Jarkko Harju - Tampere University Hospital
Miia Kokkonen - Tampere University Hospital
Jenni Vieri - Tampere University Hospital
Tuula Manner - Turku University Hospital
Catherine Amory - Hôpital Robert-Debré
Hugues Ludot - Hôpital Robert-Debré
Dina Bert - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille
Juliette Godart - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille
Anne Laffargue - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille
Herve Dupont - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Amiens-Picardie
Benjamin Urbina - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Amiens-Picardie
Catherine Baujard - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux
Philippe Roulleau - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux
Giuseppe Staiti - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux
Maryline Bordes - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux
Karine Nouette Gaulain - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux
Yann Hamonic - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux
Francois Semjen - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux
Olivier Jacqmarcq - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes
Caroline Lejus-Bourdeau - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes
Cecile Magne - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes
Lea Petry - Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Nancy
Lilica Ros - Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Nancy
Aurelien Zang - Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Nancy
Mehdi Bennis - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse
Bernard Coustets - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse
Rose Fesseau - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse
Isabelle Constant - Hôpital Armand-Trousseau
Eliane Khalil - Hôpital Armand-Trousseau
Nada Sabourdin - Hôpital Armand-Trousseau
Noemie Audren - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble
Thomas Descarpentries - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble
Fanny Fabre - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble
Aurelien Legrand - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble
Emilie Druot - Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades
Gilles Orliaguet - Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades
Lucie Sabau - Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades
Lynn Uhrig - Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades
Francois de La Briere - Fondation Lenval
Karin Jonckheer - Fondation Lenval
Jean-Paul Mission - Hôpitaux Pédiatriques de Nice Lenval
Lucia Scordo - Fondation Lenval
Caroline Couchepin - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier]
Christophe Dadure - Université de Montpellier
Pablo de La Arena - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier]
Laurent Hertz - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier]
Philippe Pirat - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier]
Chrystelle Sola - Université de Montpellier
Myriam Bellon - Hôpital Robert-Debré
Souhayl Dahmani - Hôpital Robert-Debré
Florence Julien-Marsollier - Hôpital Robert-Debré
Daphne Michelet - Hôpital Robert-Debré
Veronique Depret-Donatien - Université de Caen Normandie
Anne Lesage - Université de Caen Normandie
Jost Kaufmann - University Hospital Cologne
Michael Laschat - University Hospital Cologne
Frank Wappler - University Hospital Cologne
Lena Brunner - Cnopf´sche Kinderklinik
Karin Oppenrieder - Cnopf´sche Kinderklinik
Gregor Badelt - St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus
Karin Hochmuth - Cnopf´sche Kinderklinik
Bernhard Koller - St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus
Anita Reil - St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus
Sebastian Richter - St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus
Thomas Fischer - Montreal Children's Hospital
Anja Diers - Klinikum Oldenburg
Clemens Schorer - Klinikum Oldenburg
Andreas Weyland - Klinikum Oldenburg
Ruth Cohausz - Klinikum Stuttgart
Franz-Josef Kretz
Michaela Loffler - Olgahospital
Markus Wilbs - Klinikum Stuttgart
Claudia Hoehne - University Hospital Leipzig
Johanna Ulrici - University Hospital Leipzig
Christiane Goeters - University Hospital Münster
Armin Flinspach - University Hospital Frankfurt
Matthias Klages - Goethe University Frankfurt
Simone Lindau - Goethe University Frankfurt
Leila Messroghli - Goethe University Frankfurt
Kai Zacharowski - Goethe University Frankfurt
Christoph Eisner - University Hospital Heidelberg
Thomas Mueller - Montreal Children's Hospital
Daniel Richter - Heidelberg University
Melanie Schafer - Heidelberg University
Markus Weigand - Heidelberg University
Sebastian Weiterer - Heidelberg University
Miriam Ochsenreiter - University Medical Centre Mannheim
Michael Scholer - University Medical Centre Mannheim
Tom Terboven - University of Southern Denmark
Isabel Eggemann - University Hospital Cologne
Sascha Haussmann - University Hospital Cologne
Nicolas Leister - University Hospital Cologne
Christoph Menzel - University Hospital Cologne
Uwe Trieschmann - University Hospital Cologne
Sirin Yucetepe - University Hospital Cologne
Susanna Keilig - University of Würzburg
Peter Kranke - University of Würzburg
Yvonne Jelting - University of Würzburg
Torsten Baehner - University of Bonn
Richard Ellerkmann - University of Bonn
Shahab Ghamari - University of Bonn
Claudia Neumann - University of Bonn
Martin Sohle - University of Bonn
Pelagia Chloropoulou - Democritus University of Thrace
Vagia Ntritsou - General Hospital of Athens G. Genimatas
Pinelopi Papagiannopoulou - General Hospital of Athens G. Genimatas
Eleana Garini - Children's Hospital Agia Sophia
Afroditi Karafotia - Children's Hospital Agia Sophia
Panagoula Mammi - Children's Hospital Agia Sophia
Evangelia Bali - Ippokrateio General Hospital of Thessaloniki
Despoina Iordanidou - Ippokrateio General Hospital of Thessaloniki
Anna Malisiova - Panagiotis & Aglaia Kyriakou Children's Hospital
Artemis Polyzoi - Panagiotis & Aglaia Kyriakou Children's Hospital
Adelais Tsiotou - Panagiotis & Aglaia Kyriakou Children's Hospital
Erzsebet Sapi - Gottsegen National Cardiovascular Center
Edgar Szekely - Gottsegen National Cardiovascular Center
Nandor Kosik - Heim Pál Gyermekkórház
Veronika Maraczi - Heim Pál Gyermekkórház
Janos Schnur - Heim Pál Gyermekkórház
Judit Csillag - Semmelweis University
Janos Gal - Semmelweis University
Gergely Gobl - Semmelweis University
Balazs Hauser - Semmelweis University
Andras Petroczy - Semmelweis University
Gyula Tovishazi - Semmelweis University
Stuart Blain - Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin
Sarah Gallagher - Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin
Sinead Harte - Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin
Mandy Jackson - Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin
Emma Meehan - Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin
Zeenat Nawoor - Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin
Brendan O’hare - Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin
Mark Ross - Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin
Daniela Lerro
Marinella Astuto - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico - Vittorio Emanuele
Chiara Grasso - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico - Vittorio Emanuele
Rita Scalisi - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico - Vittorio Emanuele
Giulia Frasacco - Meyer Children's Hospital
Elena Lenares - Meyer Children's Hospital
Roberto Leone - Meyer Children's Hospital
Maurizia Grazzini - Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova
Carmelo Minardi - Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova
Nicola Zadra - Istituto Giannina Gaslini
Gilda Cinnella - Ospedali Riuniti di Foggia
Antonella Cotoia - Ospedali Riuniti di Foggia
Dario Galante - Ospedali Riuniti di Foggia
Brita de Lorenzo - Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana
Beate Kuppers - Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana
Giulia Bottazzi - Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi
Fabio Caramelli - Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi
Maria Mondardini - Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi
Emanuele Rossetti - Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital
Sergio Picardo - Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital
Alessandro Vittori - Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital
Anna Camporesi - Ospedale dei Bambini Vittore Buzzi
Andrea Wolfler - Ospedale dei Bambini Vittore Buzzi
Edoardo Calderini - Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Laura Colantonio - Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Simona Finamore - Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Giuliana Porro - Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Rachele Bonfiglio - Istituto Giannina Gaslini
Svetlana Kotzeva - Istituto Giannina Gaslini
Leila Mameli - Istituto Giannina Gaslini
Girolamo Mattioli - Istituto Giannina Gaslini
Camilla Micalizzi - Istituto Giannina Gaslini
Alessia Montaguti - Istituto Giannina Gaslini
Angela Pistorio - Istituto Giannina Gaslini
Clelia Zanaboni - Istituto Giannina Gaslini
Anna Guddo
Gerald Neba - Fondazione Ospedale Salesi
Moreno Favarato - Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII
Bruno Locatelli - Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII
Micol Maffioletti - Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII
Valter Sonzogni - Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII
Rossella Garra - Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico
Maria Sammartino - Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
Fabio Sbaraglia - Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico
Andrea Cortegiani - University of Palermo
Alessandra Moscarelli - University of Palermo
Elena Attanasi
Simonetta Tesoro
Cristina Agapiti - Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale degli Spedali Civili di Brescia
Francesca Pinzoni - Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale degli Spedali Civili di Brescia
Cesare Vezzoli - Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale degli Spedali Civili di Brescia
Federico Bilotta - Policlinico Umberto I
Arta Barzdina - Children's Clinical University Hospital
Zane Straume - Children's Clinical University Hospital
Anda Zundane - Children's Clinical University Hospital
Laura Lukosiene - Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
Irena Maraulaite - Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
Ilona Razlevice - Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
Bernd Schmitz - Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg
Stephanie Mifsud - Mater Dei Hospital
Carolin Aehling - University of Amsterdam
Celia Allison - University of Amsterdam
Rients de Boer - University of Amsterdam
Dina Emal - University of Amsterdam
Markus Stevens - University of Amsterdam
Marielle Buitenhuis - Erasmus MC - Sophia Children’s Hospital
Inge de Liefde - Erasmus MC - Sophia Children’s Hospital
Andreas Machotta - Erasmus MC - Sophia Children’s Hospital
Gail Scoones - Erasmus MC - Sophia Children’s Hospital
Lonneke Staals - Erasmus MC - Sophia Children’s Hospital
Jeremy Tomas - Erasmus MC - Sophia Children’s Hospital
Anouk van Der - Erasmus MC - Sophia Children’s Hospital
Knijff-Van Dortmont - Erasmus MC - Sophia Children’s Hospital
Marianne Veldhuizen - Haga Hospital
David Alders
Wolfgang Buhre
Eva Schafrat
Jan Schreiber
Petronella Vermeulen
Mark Hendriks
Sandra Lako
Marieke Voet-Lindner
Barbe Pieters
Gert-Jan Scheffer
Luc Tielens
Anthony Absalom - University Medical Center Groningen
Margot Bergsma - University Medical Center Groningen
Joke de Ruiter - University Medical Center Groningen
Sascha Meier - University Medical Center Groningen
Martin Volkers - University Medical Center Groningen
Tjerk Zweers - University Medical Center Groningen
Anne Beukers - Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc
Christa Boer - Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc
Jurgen Dertinger - Erasmus MC - Sophia Children’s Hospital
Sandra Numan - University Medical Center Utrecht
Bas van Zaane - University Medical Center Utrecht
Wenche Boerke - Oslo University Hospital
Nil Ekiz - Oslo University Hospital
Kristoffer Stensrud - Oslo University Hospital
Inger Drage - Oslo University Hospital
Erik Isern - St Olav's University Hospital
Alicja Bartkowska-Sniatkowska - Poznan University of Medical Sciences
Malgorzata Grzeskowiak
Magdalena Juzwa-Sobieraj - Poznan University of Medical Sciences
Jowita Rosada-Kurasińska - Poznan University of Medical Sciences
Artur Baranowski - Medical University of Warsaw
Karina Jakubowska - Medical University of Warsaw
Dorota Lewandowska - Medical University of Warsaw
Magdalena Mierzewska-Schmidt - Medical University of Warsaw
Piotr Sawicki - Medical University of Warsaw
Magdalena Urban-Lechowicz - Medical University of Warsaw
Pomianek Przemyslaw - Wroclaw Medical University
Teresa Leal - Centro Hospitalar do Porto
Maria Soares - Centro Hospitalar do Porto
Pedro Pina - Centro Hospitalar do Porto
Silvia Pinho - Centro Hospitalar do Porto
Maria Domingas Patuleia - Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte
Catarina Esteves - Hospital de Dona Estefânia
Helena Salgado - Hospital Braga
Maria Santos - Hospital Braga
Rodica Badeti - Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest
Iulia Cindea
Loredana Oana
Adriana Gurita - Spitalului Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Maria Sklodowska Curie
Luminita Ilie - Spitalului Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Maria Sklodowska Curie
Gabriel Mocioiu - Spitalului Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Maria Sklodowska Curie
Radu Tabacaru - Spitalului Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Maria Sklodowska Curie
Irina Trante - Spitalului Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Maria Sklodowska Curie
Valentin Munteanu
Mihai Morariu - Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest
Emese Nyiri - Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest
Ivana Budic - University of Nis
Vesna Marjanovic - University of Nis
Biljana Drašković - Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina
Marina Pandurov - Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina
Jordanka Ilic - Institute of Public Health of Serbia
Ana Mandras - Institute of Public Health of Serbia
Zdenka Rados - Institute of Public Health of Serbia
Nikola Stankovic - Institute of Public Health of Serbia
Maja Suica - Institute of Public Health of Serbia
Sladjana Vasiljevic - Institute of Public Health of Serbia
Mirjana Knezevic - University Children's Hospital, Belgrade
Irina Milojevic - University Children's Hospital, Belgrade
Ivana Petrov - University Children's Hospital, Belgrade
Selena Puric Racic - University Children's Hospital, Belgrade
Irena Simic - University of Belgrade
Marija Stevic - University Children's Hospital, Belgrade
Irena Vulicevic - University Children's Hospital, Belgrade
Barbora Cabanova
Miloslav Hanula
Jelena Berger - Ljubljana University Medical Centre
Darja Janjatovic - Ljubljana University Medical Centre
Špela Štupnik - Ljubljana University Medical Centre
Ivan Kohn
Ulf Lindestam
Jarl Reinhard
Albert Castellheim - Sahlgrenska University Hospital
Kerstin Sandstrom - Sahlgrenska University Hospital
Sporre Bengt - Uppsala University Hospital
Rainer Dorenberg - Uppsala University Hospital
Peter Frykholm - Uppsala University Hospital
Maria Garcia - Uppsala University Hospital
Ann Kvarnstrom - Uppsala University Hospital
Emma Ponten - Uppsala University Hospital
Thomas Bruelisauer - Montreal Children's Hospital
Gabor Erdoes - University Hospital of Bern
Heiko Kaiser - University Hospital of Bern
Mathias Marchon - University Hospital of Bern
Thomas Riva - Montreal Children's Hospital
Stefan Seiler - University Hospital of Bern
Yann Bogli - University Hospital of Lausanne
Mirko Dolci - University Hospital of Lausanne
Carine Marcucci - University Hospital of Lausanne
Isabelle Pichon - University Hospital of Geneva
Mattias Casutt - Luzerner Kantonsspital
Martin Holzle - Luzerner Kantonsspital
Thomas Hurni - Montreal Children's Hospital
Martin Johr - Luzerner Kantonsspital
Anna Ursina
Jacqueline Mauch Malar
Thomas Erb - University Children’s Hospital Basel
Karin Oeinck - Cnopf´sche Kinderklinik
Mine Akin
Gulsen Keskin - Ministry of Health
Yesim Senayli
Guner Kaya - Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa
Pinar Kendigelen - Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa
Ayse Tutuncu - Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa
Zehra Hatipoğlu - Cukurova University
Dilek Ozcengiz - Cukurova University
Hale Aksu Erdost - Dokuz Eylül University
Elvan Ocmen - Dokuz Eylül University
Cimen Olguner - Dokuz Eylül University
Hilmi Ayanoglu - Marmara University
Pelin Dincer - Marmara University
Tumay Umuroglu - Marmara University
Mustafa Azizoglu - Mersin Üniversitesi
Handan Birbicer - Mersin Üniversitesi
Nurcan Doruk - Mersin Üniversitesi
Asli Sagun - Mersin Üniversitesi
Sibel Baris - Ondokuz Mayıs University
Dmytro Dmytriiev
Sridevi Kuchi - University of Liverpool
Nuria Masip - University of Liverpool
Peter Brooks - Chelsea and Westminster Hospital
Alison Hare - Chelsea and Westminster Hospital
Nargis Ahmad - Great Ormond Street Hospital
Michelle Casey - University College London
Sam de Silva - University College London
Nadine Dobby - University College London
Prakash Krishnan - Great Ormond Street Hospital
L. Amaki Sogbodjor - University College London
Ellie Walker - Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust
Stephanie King - Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
Katy Nicholson - Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
Michelle Quinney - Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
Paul Stevens - Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
Andrew Blevin - King's College Hospital
Mariangela Giombini - King's College Hospital
Chulananda Goonasekera - King's College Hospital
Sadia Adil
Stephanie Bew
Carol Bodlani
Dan Gilpin
Stephanie Jinks
Nalini Malarkkan
Alice Miskovic
Rebecca Pad
Juliet Barry
Joy Abbott
James Armstrong
Natalie Cooper
Lindsay Crate
John Emery
Kathryn James
Hannah King
Paul Martin
Stefano Catenacci - Royal Aberdeen Children's Hospital
Rob Bomont - Royal Alexandra Children's Hospital
Paul Smith - Royal Alexandra Children's Hospital
Sara Mele - Royal Brompton Hospital
Alessandra Verzelloni
Philippa Dix - Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust
Graham Bell - Royal Hospital for Children
Elena Gordeva - Royal Hospital for Children
Lesley Mckee - Royal Hospital for Children
Esther Ngan - Royal Hospital for Children
Jutta Scheffczik - Royal Hospital for Children
Li-En Tan - Royal Hospital for Children
Mark Worrall - Royal Hospital for Children
Carmel Cassar - Royal London Hospital
Kevin Goddard - Royal London Hospital
Victoria Barlow - Royal Manchester Children's Hospital
Vimmi Oshan - Royal Manchester Children's Hospital
Khairi Shah - Royal Manchester Children's Hospital
Sarah Bell - Royal Victoria Infirmary
Lisa Daniels - Royal Victoria Infirmary
Monica Gandhi - Royal Victoria Infirmary
David Pachter - Royal Victoria Infirmary
Chris Perry - Royal Victoria Infirmary
Andrew Robertson - Royal Victoria Infirmary
Carmen Scott - Royal Victoria Infirmary
Lynne Waring - Royal Victoria Infirmary
David Barnes - St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Sophie Childs - St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Joanne Norman - St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Robin Sunderland - St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Publication Details: British Journal of Anaesthesia, Vol.126(6), pp.1157-1172
Identifiers: 9936467509311
Academic Unit: Université de Montpellier
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article
Local Fields: hal-03660704