Abstract
Species of Neomelaniconion (Neo.) are aggressive toward humans and domestic animals. Some of these species play a role in the transmission of arbovirus. In Madagascar, separation of these arbovirus vectors was based on doubtful morphological features. Sequence variation of the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 2 from morphological Neomelaniconion species of the Neomelaniconion subgenus from Madagascar was investigated to assess the validity of morphologically deÞned taxa. Both methods showed two taxonomic groups: the Circumluteolus Group that includes Aedes (Neo.