Abstract
Highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic, the study of respiratory infections is a global health priority. To this end, many preclinical in vitro study models have been developed to reproduce nasal, bronchial or alveolar respiratory epithelium. These models can be established from immortalised cell lines, primary culture or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). They can also be constructed in various three-dimensional structures that are more or less physiological and easy to use. This synthetic review puts into perspective the advantages and limitations of these models, while highlighting their relevance for the study of the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection.