Abstract
This article explores the foundations and contradictions of a narrative of reconciliation between agro-industrial production and conservation in Brazil. Based on a literature review and a case study in the state of Roraima, I analyze the discrepancy between the discourse on deforestation promoted by agribusiness actors and the reality of producers' agricultural and territorial practices. Ecological intensification is a narrative of technological solutions to deforestation that is little questioned in the various academic and political spheres, despite the lack of theoretical and empirical validation. For agribusiness, maintaining the myth of ecological intensification is crucial to hide its role in opening up new deforestation fronts in South America.