Abstract
The political breakthrough of extreme right parties in Béziers and Perpignan at municipal elections in March 2014 has been the result of process to work for several decades. Behind the push of the extreme right one can read in filigree the decline of local geopolitical systems, which dominated these cities, and a recomposing of political and electoral landscapes, marking deepest changes. Poverty, difficult political transitions for the conservative parties, a fragmented left, old time vote for the National Front pave the way for those new masters of the South. Actors that now highlight differently the question of power at different institutional scales.