Abstract
The analysis of the grapenive genome, whose the compelte sequence was recently published, reveals the contribution of three ancestral genomes to the grapevine haploid content (n – 19 chromosomes) and suggests ancestral hexaploidization in major angiosperm phyla. This genomic structure was hypothesized 55 years ago by PATEL and OLMO (Université of Davis, California) on the basis of meiotic observations in hybrids between Vitis vinifera and V. rotundifolia, but could not be confirmed until now. The analysis of the grapevine genom could modify our knowledge on the phylogenetic relationships between these two species, in the family of Vitaceae