Abstract
This article provides a critical review and modeling of the concept of "value creation" from a literature analysis of the business model. The definitions of value creation are studied from the 50 most cited English-language articles whose titles contain value and creation. The analysis reveals five themes: nature of the value created for the customer, value architecture by the company, value perceived by the user, economic sharing between the stakeholders, co-creation of the value with these stakeholders. Our discussion is built around epistemological issues in a pragmatist perspective.