Abstract
Tropical cyclones (TCs) are among the natural hazards responsible for the highest human and economic losses. According to the WMO (World Meteorological Organization), 7 of the 10 costliest natural disasters in the past 50 years are TCs, including three cyclones in 2017: Harvey (which caused nearly $97 billion in damage), Maria (nearly $70 billion) and Irma (nearly $60 billion) (WMO, 2021). These three cyclones alone accounted for 35% of the total economic losses of the top 10 disasters around the world from 1970 to 2019. The cyclone Katrina in 2005 stands out as the costliest disaster with nearly $164 billion in losses. In terms of human losses, the 10 deadliest natural disasters between 1970 and 2019 include 3 TCs: in Bangladesh in 1970 (cyclone Bhola) and in 1991