Résumé
COVID-19 spreads between people in close contact. Social isolation, which is linked with increased suicide risk, prevents COVID-19 from spreading. Suicide and COVID-19 may therefore represent two antagonistic phenomena. Specifically, we tested whether previous cross-national suicide rates inversely correlate with COVID-19 cases and deaths across countries.
We ran unadjusted bivariate correlations between the most updated (2016) cross-national Age-Standardised suicide rates and COVID-19 cumulative cases and deaths (as of: 30/08/2020, 11/10/2020 and 30/05/2021) across countries; and we controlled for WHO Income group, WHO region, suicide data quality, and urbanicity.
Suicide rates negatively correlated with COVID-19 cumulative cases up to 30/08/2020 (r=−0.14, P=.064) and up to 11/10/2020 at an almost significant level (r=−0.149, P=.050) across 174 countries. As of 11/10/2020 this correlation became significant when controlling for WHO region (r=−0.17, P=.028), data quality (r=−0.181, P=.017) and urbanicity (r=−0.172, P=.039); and as of 30/08/2020 when adjusting for WHO region (r=−0.15, P=.047) and data quality a (r=−0.16, P=.036). No significant correlations between suicide rates and COVID-19 deaths were found.
There seems to be an inverse correlation between previous cross-national suicide rates and COVID-19 cumulative cases across countries. Suicide and COVID-19 appear to behave, to some degree, as antagonistic phenomena, which challenges their prevention.