Résumé
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•We evaluated the 10T1/2 cell line that is able to distinguish virulent from attenuated Peste de petits ruminant virus strains•Interferon type I activation did not influence the differential permissiveness of 10T1/2 cells for virus variants•Expression of the goat SLAM receptor in 10T1/2 cells did not change the permissiveness for vaccine PPR viruses•The 10T1/2 cell line can be applied to explore in vitro key factors of morbillivirus replication and virulence.
Comprehensive pathogenesis studies on Peste des Petits Ruminants virus (PPRV) have been delayed so far by the absence of a small animal model reproducing the disease or an in vitro biological system revealing virulence differences. In this study, a mouse 10T1/2 cell line has been identified as presenting different susceptibility to virulent and attenuated PPRV strains. As evidenced by immunofluorescence test and RT-PCR, both virulent and attenuated PPR viruses penetrated and initiated the replication cycle in 10T1/2 cells, independently of the presence of the SLAM goat receptor. However, only virulent strains successfully completed their replication cycle while the vaccine strains did not. Since 10T1/2 cells are interferon-producing cells, the role of the type I interferon (type I IFN) response on this differentiated replication between virulent and attenuated strains was verified by stimulation or repression. Modulation of the type I IFN response did not improve the replication of the vaccine strains, indicating that other cell factor(s) not yet established may hinder the replication of attenuated PPRV in 10T1/2. This 10T1/2 cell line can be proposed as a new in vitro tool for PPRV-host interaction and virulence studies.