HESS J1809$-$193: a halo of escaped electrons around a pulsar wind nebula?

F Aharonian; F. Ait Benkhali; J Aschersleben; H Ashkar; M Backes; V Barbosa Martins; R Batzofin; Y Becherini; D Berge; M Böttcher; C Boisson; J Bolmont; J Borowska; M Bouyahiaoui; F Bradascio; M Breuhaus; R Brose; F Brun; B Bruno; T Bulik; C Burger-Scheidlin; T Bylund; S Caroff; S Casanova; J Celic; M Cerruti; P Chambery; T Chand; A Chen; J Chibueze; O Chibueze; J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye; A Djannati-Ataï; A Dmytriiev; S Einecke; J.-P Ernenwein; K Feijen; M Filipovic; G Fontaine; M Füßling; S Funk; S Gabici; Y.A Gallant; S Ghafourizadeh; G Giavitto; L Giunti; D Glawion; P Goswami; G Grolleron; M.-H Grondin; L Haerer; J.A Hinton; W Hofmann; T.L Holch; M Holler; D Horns; Zhiqiu Huang; M Jamrozy; F Jankowsky; V Joshi; I Jung-Richardt; E Kasai; K Katarzynski; B Khélifi; W Klúzniak; Nu Komin; K Kosack; D Kostunin; R.G Lang; S Le Stum; F Leitl; A Lemière; M Lemoine-Goumard; J.-P Lenain; F Leuschner; T Lohse; A Luashvili; I Lypova; J Mackey; D Malyshev; V Marandon; P Marchegiani; A Marcowith; P Marinos; G Martí-Devesa; R Marx; A Mitchell; R Moderski; L Mohrmann; A Montanari; E Moulin; J Muller; K Nakashima; M de Naurois; J Niemiec; A. Priyana Noel; S Ohm; L Olivera-Nieto; E de Ona Wilhelmi; M Ostrowski; S Panny; M Panter; R.D Parsons; D.A Prokhorov; G Pühlhofer; M Punch; A Quirrenbach; P Reichherzer; A Reimer; O Reimer; M Renaud; B Reville; F Rieger; G Rowell; B Rudak; V Sahakian; A Santangelo; M Sasaki; H.M Schutte; U Schwanke; J.N.S Shapopi; H Sol; A Specovius; S Spencer; Ł Stawarz; R Steenkamp; S Steinmassl; I Sushch; H Suzuki; T Takahashi; T Tanaka; R Terrier; C Thorpe-Morgan; M Tsirou; N Tsuji; Y Uchiyama; C van Eldik; M Vecchi; J Veh; C Venter; J Vink; T Wach; S.J Wagner; R White; A Wierzcholska; Yu Wun Wong; M Zacharias; D Zargaryan; A.A Zdziarski; A Zech; S Zouari; N Zywuck

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202245459

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HESS J1809$-$193: a halo of escaped electrons around a pulsar wind nebula?

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HESS J1809$-$193: a halo of escaped electrons around a pulsar wind nebula?

F Aharonian, F. Ait Benkhali, J Aschersleben, H Ashkar, M Backes, V Barbosa Martins, R Batzofin, Y Becherini, D Berge, M Böttcher, …

Astron.Astrophys, Vol.672

2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202245459

Abstract

energy

high

dimension

HESS

pulsar

TeV

GLAST

spectral

supernova

electron

halo

cloud

observatory

GeV

time dependence

HAWC

galaxy

VHE

Context. HESS J1809$-$193 is an unassociated very-high-energy $\gamma$-ray source located on the Galactic plane. While it has been connected to the nebula of the energetic pulsar PSR J1809$-$1917, supernova remnants and molecular clouds present in the vicinity also constitute possible associations. Recently, the detection of $\gamma$-ray emission up to energies of $\sim$100 TeV with the HAWC observatory has led to renewed interest in HESS J1809$-$193. Aims. We aim to understand the origin of the $\gamma$-ray emission of HESS J1809$-$193. Methods. We analysed 93.2 h of data taken on HESS J1809$-$193 above 0.27 TeV with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), using a multi-component, three-dimensional likelihood analysis. In addition, we provide a new analysis of 12.5 yr of Fermi-LAT data above 1 GeV within the region of HESS J1809$-$193. The obtained results are interpreted in a time-dependent modelling framework. Results. For the first time, we were able to resolve the emission detected with H.E.S.S. into two components: an extended component that exhibits a spectral cut-off at $\sim$13 TeV, and a compact component that is located close to PSR J1809$-$1917 and shows no clear spectral cut-off. The Fermi-LAT analysis also revealed extended $\gamma$-ray emission, on scales similar to that of the extended H.E.S.S. component. Conclusions. Our modelling indicates that based on its spectrum and spatial extent, the extended H.E.S.S. component is likely caused by inverse Compton emission from old electrons that form a halo around the pulsar wind nebula. The compact component could be connected to either the pulsar wind nebula or the supernova remnant and molecular clouds. Due to its comparatively steep spectrum, modelling the Fermi-LAT emission together with the H.E.S.S. components is not straightforward. (abridged)

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Title: HESS J1809$-$193: a halo of escaped electrons around a pulsar wind nebula?
Creators - without role: F Aharonian - Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies
F. Ait Benkhali - Heidelberg University
J Aschersleben - University of Groningen
H Ashkar - Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet
M Backes - North-West University
V Barbosa Martins
R Batzofin - University of the Witwatersrand
Y Becherini - Université Paris Cité
D Berge - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
M Böttcher - North-West University
C Boisson - Laboratoire Univers et Théories
J Bolmont - Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies
J Borowska - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
M Bouyahiaoui - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
F Bradascio - Institut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'Univers
M Breuhaus - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
R Brose - Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies
F Brun - Institut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'Univers
B Bruno - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
T Bulik - University of Warsaw
C Burger-Scheidlin - Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies
T Bylund - Linnaeus University
S Caroff - Université Savoie Mont Blanc
S Casanova - Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences
J Celic - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
M Cerruti - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
P Chambery - Laboratoire de Physique des deux infinis Bordeaux
T Chand - North-West University
A Chen - University of the Witwatersrand
J Chibueze - North-West University
O Chibueze - North-West University
J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye
A Djannati-Ataï - AstroParticule et Cosmologie
A Dmytriiev - North-West University
S Einecke - University of Adelaide
J.-P Ernenwein - Aix-Marseille Université
K Feijen - University of Adelaide
M Filipovic - Western Sydney University
G Fontaine - Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet
M Füßling
S Funk - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
S Gabici - Université Paris Cité
Y.A Gallant - Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
S Ghafourizadeh - Heidelberg University
G Giavitto
L Giunti - Institut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'Univers
D Glawion - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
P Goswami - North-West University
G Grolleron - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
M.-H Grondin - Laboratoire de Physique des deux infinis Bordeaux
L Haerer - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
J.A Hinton - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
W Hofmann - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
T.L Holch
M Holler - Universität Innsbruck
D Horns - Universität Hamburg
Zhiqiu Huang - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
M Jamrozy - Jagiellonian University
F Jankowsky - Heidelberg University
V Joshi - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
I Jung-Richardt - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
E Kasai - University of Namibia
K Katarzynski - Nicolaus Copernicus University
B Khélifi - Université Paris Cité
W Klúzniak - Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center
Nu Komin - University of the Witwatersrand
K Kosack - Institut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'Univers
D Kostunin
R.G Lang - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
S Le Stum - Aix-Marseille Université
F Leitl - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
A Lemière - Université Paris Cité
M Lemoine-Goumard - Laboratoire de Physique des deux infinis Bordeaux
J.-P Lenain - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
F Leuschner - University of Tübingen
T Lohse - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
A Luashvili - Université Paris Cité
I Lypova - Heidelberg University
J Mackey - Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies
D Malyshev - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
D Malyshev - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
V Marandon - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
P Marchegiani
A Marcowith - Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
P Marinos - University of Adelaide
G Martí-Devesa - Universität Innsbruck
R Marx - Heidelberg University
A Mitchell - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
R Moderski - Polish Academy of Sciences
L Mohrmann - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
A Montanari - Institut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'Univers
E Moulin - Université Paris-Saclay
J Muller - Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet
K Nakashima - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
M de Naurois - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
J Niemiec - Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences
A. Priyana Noel - Jagiellonian University
S Ohm
L Olivera-Nieto - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
E de Ona Wilhelmi
M Ostrowski - Jagiellonian University
S Panny - Universität Innsbruck
M Panter - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
R.D Parsons - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
D.A Prokhorov
G Pühlhofer - University of Tübingen
M Punch - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
A Quirrenbach - Heidelberg University
P Reichherzer - CEA Paris-Saclay
A Reimer - Universität Innsbruck
O Reimer - Universität Innsbruck
M Renaud - Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
B Reville - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
F Rieger - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
G Rowell - University of Adelaide
B Rudak - Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center
V Sahakian - A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory
A Santangelo - University of Tübingen
M Sasaki - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
H.M Schutte - North-West University
U Schwanke - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
J.N.S Shapopi - University of Namibia
H Sol - Laboratoire Univers et Théories
A Specovius - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
S Spencer - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Ł Stawarz - Jagiellonian University
R Steenkamp - University of Namibia
S Steinmassl - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
I Sushch - North-West University
H Suzuki - Konan University
T Takahashi - Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe
T Tanaka - Konan University
R Terrier - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
C Thorpe-Morgan - University of Tübingen
M Tsirou - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
N Tsuji - RIKEN
Y Uchiyama - Rikkyo University
C van Eldik - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
M Vecchi - University of Groningen
J Veh - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
C Venter - North-West University
J Vink - University of Amsterdam
T Wach - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
S.J Wagner - Heidelberg University
R White - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
A Wierzcholska - Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences
Yu Wun Wong - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
M Zacharias - North-West University
D Zargaryan - Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies
A.A Zdziarski - Polish Academy of Sciences
A Zech - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
S Zouari - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
N Zywuck
Publication Details: Astron.Astrophys, Vol.672
Identifiers: 9938842709311
Academic Unit: Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article
Local Fields: hal-04019936