Résumé
Existing groundwater management instruments often fail to address groundwater degradation and overexploitation. In this article, we present a role-playing game, Ground-WAG-Er, developed to support local stakeholders in co-designing alternative management instruments for the sustainable management of groundwater resources on their territory. The game was played six times in Tunisia involving a total of 31 participants. We analyse three aspects: (1) the combinations of management instruments selected by the players, (2) the minimum conditions participants consider necessary for these instruments to be acceptable, and (3) players' behavioural intentions regarding the adoption of these instruments in reality. Our results reveal the game's limitations in achieving transformative impact on its own, and emphasize the need to integrate it into a broader participatory process. We provide several concrete avenues to enhance the game's impact.