Gaia Data Release 2. The celestial reference frame (Gaia-CRF2)

F. Mignard; S. Klioner; L. Lindegren; J. Hernandez; U. Bastian; A. Bombrun; D. Hobbs; U. Lammers; D. Michalik; M. Ramos-Lerate; M. Biermann; J. Fernández-Hernández; R. Geyer; T. Hilger; H. Siddiqui; H. Steidelmüller; C. Babusiaux; C. Barache; S. Lambert; H. Andrei; G. Bourda; A. Brown; A. Vallenari; T. Prusti; J. de Bruijne; C. Bailer-Jones; D. Evans; L. Eyer; F. Jansen; C. Jordi; X. Luri; C. Panem; D. Pourbaix; S. Randich; P. Sartoretti; C. Soubiran; F. van Leeuwen; A. Walton; F. Arenou; M. Cropper; R. Drimmel; D. Katz; M. Lattanzi; J. Bakker; C. Cacciari; J. Castañeda; L. Chaoul; N. Cheek; F. de Angeli; C. Fabricius; R. Guerra; B. Holl; E. Masana; R. Messineo; N. Mowlavi; K. Nienartowicz; P. Panuzzo; J. Portell; M. Riello; M. Seabroke; P. Tanga; F. Thevenin; G. Gracia-Abril; G. Comoretto; M. Garcia-Reinaldos; D. Teyssier; M. Altmann; R. Andrae; M. Audard; I. Bellas-Velidis; K. Benson; J. Berthier; R. Blomme; P. Burgess; G. Busso; B. Carry; A. Cellino; G. Clementini; M. Clotet; O. Creevey; M. David; J. de Ridder; L. Delchambre; A. Dell’oro; C. Ducourant; M. Fouesneau; Y. Frémat; L. Galluccio; M. García-Torres; J. González-Núñez; J. González-Vidal; E. Gosset; P. Guy; J. Halbwachs; C. Hambly; D. Harrison; D. Hestroffer; T. Hodgkin; A. Hutton; Gérard Jasniewicz; A. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo; S. Jordan; J. Korn; A. Krone-Martins; C. Lanza; T. Lebzelter; W. Löffler; M. Manteiga; M. Marrese; J. Martín-Fleitas; A. Moitinho; A. Mor; K. Muinonen; J. Osinde; E. Pancino; T. Pauwels; J. Petit; A. Recio-Blanco; J. Richards; L. Rimoldini; C. Robin; M. Sarro; C. Siopis; M. Smith; A. Sozzetti; M. Süveges; J. Torra; W. van Reeven; U. Abbas; A. Abreu Aramburu; S. Accart; C. Aerts; G. Altavilla; M. Álvarez; R. Alvarez; J. Alves; R. Anderson; E. Anglada Varela; E. Antiche; T. Antoja; B. Arcay; T. Astraatmadja; N. Bach; S. Baker; L. Balaguer-Nunez; P. Balm; C. Barata; D. Barbato; F. Barblan; S. Barklem; D. Barrado; M. Barros; M. Barstow; L. Bartholomé Muñoz; J. Bassilana; U. Becciani; M. Bellazzini; A. Berihuete; Stefano Bertone; L. Bianchi; O. Bienaymé; S. Blanco-Cuaresma; T. Boch; C. Boeche; R. Borrachero; D. Bossini; S. Bouquillon; A. Bragaglia; L. Bramante; M. Breddels; A. Bressan; N. Brouillet; T. Brüsemeister; E. Brugaletta; B. Bucciarelli; A. Burlacu; D. Busonero; A. Butkevich; R. Buzzi; E. Caffau; R. Cancelliere; G. Cannizzaro; T. Cantat-Gaudin; R. Carballo; T. Carlucci; J. Carrasco; L. Casamiquela; M. Castellani; A. Castro-Ginard; L. Chemin; A. Chiavassa; G. Cocozza; G. Costigan; S. Cowell; F. Crifo; M. Crosta; C. Crowley; J. Cuypers; C. Dafonte; Y. Damerdji; A. Dapergolas; P. David; P. de Laverny; F. de Luise; R. de March; R. de Souza; A. de Torres; J. Debosscher; E. del Pozo; M. Delbò; A. Delgado; H. Delgado; S. Diakite; C. Diener; E. Distefano; C. Dolding; P. Drazinos; J. Duran; B. Edvardsson; H. Enke; K. Eriksson; P. Esquej; G. Eynard Bontemps; C. Fabre; M. Fabrizio; S. Faigler; J. Falcão; M. Farràs Casas; L. Federici; G. Fedorets; P. Fernique; F. Figueras; F. Filippi; K. Findeisen; A. Fonti; E. Fraile; M. Fraser; B. Frézouls; M. Gai; S. Galleti; D. Garabato; F. García-Sedano; A. Garofalo; N. Garralda; A. Gavel; P. Gavras; J. Gerssen; P. Giacobbe; G. Gilmore; S. Girona; G. Giuffrida; F. Glass; M. Gomes; M. Granvik; A. Gueguen; A. Guerrier; J. Guiraud; R. Gutié; R. Haigron; D. Hatzidimitriou; M. Hauser; M. Haywood; U. Heiter; A. Helmi; J. Heu; W. Hofmann; G. Holland; H. Huckle; A. Hypki; V. Icardi; K. Janssen; G. Jevardat de Fombelle; G. Jonker; A. Juhasz; F. Julbe; A. Karampelas; A. Kewley; J. Klar; A. Kochoska; R. Kohley; K. Kolenberg; M. Kontizas; E. Kontizas; S. Koposov; G. Kordopatis; Z. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska; P. Koubsky; A. Lanza; Y. Lasne; J. Lavigne; Y. Le Fustec; C. Le Poncin-Lafitte; Y. Lebreton; S. Leccia; N. Leclerc; I. Lecoeur-Taibi; H. Lenhardt; F. Leroux; S. Liao; E. Licata; H. Lindstrøm; T. Lister; E. Livanou; A. Lobel; M. López; S. Managau; G. Mann; G. Mantelet; O. Marchal; J. Marchant; M. Marconi; S. Marinoni; G. Marschalkó; J. Marshall; M. Martino; G. Marton; N. Mary; D. Massari; G. Matijevič; T. Mazeh; J. Mcmillan; S. Messina; R. Millar; D. Molina; R. Molinaro; L. Molnar; P. Montegriffo; R. Mor; R. Morbidelli; T. Morel; D. Morris; A. Mulone; T. Muraveva; I. Musella; G. Nelemans; L. Nicastro; L. Noval; W. O’mullane; C. Ordenovic; D. Ordóñez-Blanco; P. Osborne; C. Pagani; I. Pagano; F. Pailler; H. Palacin; L. Palaversa; A. Panahi; M. Pawlak; M. Piersimoni; F. Pineau; E. Plachy; G. Plum; E. Poggio; E. Poujoulet; A. Prša; L. Pulone; E. Racero; S. Ragaini; N. Rambaux; S. Regibo; C. Reyle; F. Riclet; V. Ripepi; A. Riva; A. Rivard; G. Rixon; T. Roegiers; M. Roelens; M. Romero-Gomez; N. Rowell; F. Royer; L. Ruiz-Dern; G. Sadowski; T. Sagristà Sellés; J. Sahlmann; J. Salgado; E. Salguero; N. Sanna; T. Santana-Ros; M. Sarasso; H. Savietto; M. Schultheis; E. Sciacca; M. Segol; C. Segovia; D. Segransan; C. Shih; L. Siltala; A. Silva; R. Smart; W. Smith; E. Solano; F. Solitro; R. Sordo; S. Soria Nieto; J. Souchay; A. Spagna; F. Spoto; U. Stampa; A. Steele; C. Stephenson; H. Stoev; F. Suess; J. Surdej; L. Szabados; E. Szegedi-Elek; D. Tapiador; F. Taris; G. Tauran; M. Taylor; R. Teixeira; D. Terrett; P. Teyssandier; W. Thuillot; A. Titarenko; F. Torra Clotet; C. Turon; A. Ulla; E. Utrilla; S. Uzzi; M. Vaillant; G. Valentini; V. Valette; A. van Elteren; E. van Hemelryck; M. van Leeuwen; P. Charlot; M. Vaschetto; A. Vecchiato; J. Veljanoski; Y. Viala; D. Vicente; S. Vogt; C. von Essen; H. Voss; V. Votruba; S. Voutsinas; G. Walmsley; M. Weiler; O. Wertz; T. Wevers; Ł. Wyrzykowski; A. Yoldas; M. Žerjal; H. Ziaeepour; J. Zorec; S. Zschocke; S. Zucker; C. Zurbach; T. Zwitter

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201832916

Back

Gaia Data Release 2. The celestial reference frame (Gaia-CRF2)

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Gaia Data Release 2. The celestial reference frame (Gaia-CRF2)

F. Mignard, S. Klioner, L. Lindegren, J. Hernandez, U. Bastian, A. Bombrun, D. Hobbs, U. Lammers, D. Michalik, M. Ramos-Lerate, …

Astronomy & Astrophysics - A&A, Vol.616

08/2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832916

Abstract

Context. The second release of Gaia data (Gaia DR2) contains the astrometric parameters for more than half a million quasars. This set defines a kinematically non-rotating reference frame in the optical domain. A subset of these quasars have accurate VLBI positions that allow the axes of the reference frame to be aligned with the International Celestial Reference System (ICRF) radio frame. Aims: We describe the astrometric and photometric properties of the quasars that were selected to represent the celestial reference frame of Gaia DR2 (Gaia-CRF2), and to compare the optical and radio positions for sources with accurate VLBI positions. Methods: Descriptive statistics are used to characterise the overall properties of the quasar sample. Residual rotation and orientation errors and large-scale systematics are quantified by means of expansions in vector spherical harmonics. Positional differences are calculated relative to a prototype version of the forthcoming ICRF3. Results: Gaia-CRF2 consists of the positions of a sample of 556 869 sources in Gaia DR2, obtained from a positional cross-match with the ICRF3-prototype and AllWISE AGN catalogues. The sample constitutes a clean, dense, and homogeneous set of extragalactic point sources in the magnitude range G ≃ 16 to 21 mag with accurately known optical positions. The median positional uncertainty is 0.12 mas for G < 18 mag and 0.5 mas at G = mag. Large-scale systematics are estimated to be in the range 20 to 30 μas. The accuracy claims are supported by the parallaxes and proper motions of the quasars in Gaia DR2. The optical positions for a subset of 2820 sources in common with the ICRF3-prototype show very good overall agreement with the radio positions, but several tens of sources have significantly discrepant positions. Conclusions: Based on less than 40% of the data expected from the nominal Gaia mission, Gaia-CRF2 is the first realisation of a non-rotating global optical reference frame that meets the ICRS prescriptions, meaning that it is built only on extragalactic sources. Its accuracy matches the current radio frame of the ICRF, but the density of sources in all parts of the sky is much higher, except along the Galactic equator.

Files and links (2)

url

Find in HALView

url

https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832916View

Published (Version of record) Open

Metrics

1 Record Views

See more details

Details

Title: Gaia Data Release 2. The celestial reference frame (Gaia-CRF2)
Creators - without role: F. Mignard - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
S. Klioner - TU Dresden
L. Lindegren - Lund University
J. Hernandez - European Space Astronomy Centre
U. Bastian - Heidelberg University
A. Bombrun - European Space Astronomy Centre
D. Hobbs - Lund University
U. Lammers - European Space Astronomy Centre
D. Michalik - Lund University
M. Ramos-Lerate
M. Biermann - Heidelberg University
J. Fernández-Hernández - European Space Astronomy Centre
R. Geyer - TU Dresden
T. Hilger - TU Dresden
H. Siddiqui - European Space Astronomy Centre
H. Steidelmüller - TU Dresden
C. Babusiaux - Observatoire de Paris
C. Barache - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace
S. Lambert - Sorbonne Université
H. Andrei - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace
G. Bourda - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux
A. Brown
A. Vallenari - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
T. Prusti - European Space Research and Technology Centre
J. de Bruijne
C. Bailer-Jones
D. Evans - University of Cambridge
L. Eyer - University of Geneva
F. Jansen - European Space Research and Technology Centre
C. Jordi - Universitat de Barcelona
X. Luri - Universitat de Barcelona
C. Panem - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
D. Pourbaix - Université Libre de Bruxelles
S. Randich - Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
P. Sartoretti - Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique et Instrumentation
C. Soubiran - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
F. van Leeuwen - University of Cambridge
A. Walton
F. Arenou - Observatoire de Paris
M. Cropper - University College London
R. Drimmel - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
D. Katz - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
M. Lattanzi - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
J. Bakker - European Space Astronomy Centre
C. Cacciari - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
J. Castañeda - Universitat de Barcelona
L. Chaoul - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
N. Cheek
F. de Angeli - University of Cambridge
C. Fabricius - Universitat de Barcelona
R. Guerra - European Space Astronomy Centre
B. Holl - University of Geneva
E. Masana - Universitat de Barcelona
R. Messineo
N. Mowlavi - University of Geneva
K. Nienartowicz - University of Geneva
P. Panuzzo - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
J. Portell - Universitat de Barcelona
M. Riello - University of Cambridge
M. Seabroke
P. Tanga - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
F. Thevenin - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
G. Gracia-Abril - European Space Astronomy Centre
G. Comoretto - European Space Astronomy Centre
M. Garcia-Reinaldos - European Space Astronomy Centre
D. Teyssier - European Space Astronomy Centre
M. Altmann - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
R. Andrae - Max Planck Institute for Astronomy
M. Audard - University of Geneva
I. Bellas-Velidis - National Observatory of Athens
K. Benson - University College London
J. Berthier - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
R. Blomme - Royal Observatory of Belgium
P. Burgess - University of Cambridge
G. Busso - University of Cambridge
B. Carry - Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Éphémérides
A. Cellino - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
G. Clementini - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
M. Clotet - Universitat de Barcelona
O. Creevey - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
M. David - University of Antwerp
J. de Ridder - KU Leuven
L. Delchambre - University of Liège
A. Dell’oro - Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
C. Ducourant - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux
M. Fouesneau - Max Planck Institute for Astronomy
Y. Frémat - Royal Observatory of Belgium
L. Galluccio - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
M. García-Torres - Universidad Pablo de Olavide
J. González-Núñez - Universidade de Vigo
J. González-Vidal
E. Gosset - University of Liège
P. Guy
J. Halbwachs - Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg
C. Hambly
D. Harrison - University of Cambridge
D. Hestroffer - Université de Lille
T. Hodgkin
A. Hutton - European Space Astronomy Centre
Gérard Jasniewicz - Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
A. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
S. Jordan - Heidelberg University
J. Korn
A. Krone-Martins - University of Lisbon
C. Lanza
T. Lebzelter - University of Vienna
W. Löffler - Heidelberg University
M. Manteiga - Universidade da Coruña
M. Marrese
J. Martín-Fleitas - European Space Astronomy Centre
A. Moitinho - University of Lisbon
A. Mor
K. Muinonen - University of Helsinki
J. Osinde - Ingeniería de Sistemas para la Defensa de España
E. Pancino - Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
T. Pauwels - Royal Observatory of Belgium
J. Petit - Institut UTINAM
A. Recio-Blanco - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
J. Richards
L. Rimoldini - University of Geneva
C. Robin
M. Sarro
C. Siopis - Université Libre de Bruxelles
M. Smith - University College London
A. Sozzetti - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
M. Süveges - Max Planck Institute for Astronomy
J. Torra - Universitat de Barcelona
W. van Reeven - European Space Astronomy Centre
U. Abbas - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
A. Abreu Aramburu
S. Accart - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
C. Aerts - Radboud University Nijmegen
G. Altavilla - Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
M. Álvarez - Universidade da Coruña
R. Alvarez - European Space Astronomy Centre
J. Alves - University of Vienna
R. Anderson - European Southern Observatory
E. Anglada Varela
E. Antiche - Universitat de Barcelona
T. Antoja - European Space Research and Technology Centre
B. Arcay - Universidade da Coruña
T. Astraatmadja - Max Planck Institute for Astronomy
N. Bach - European Space Astronomy Centre
S. Baker - University College London
L. Balaguer-Nunez - Universitat de Barcelona
P. Balm - European Space Astronomy Centre
C. Barata - University of Lisbon
D. Barbato - University of Turin
F. Barblan - University of Geneva
S. Barklem
D. Barrado - Centro de Astrobiología
M. Barros - University of Lisbon
M. Barstow - University of Leicester
L. Bartholomé Muñoz
J. Bassilana - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
U. Becciani - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania
M. Bellazzini - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
A. Berihuete - Universidad de Cádiz
Stefano Bertone - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
L. Bianchi - Eurix
O. Bienaymé - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
S. Blanco-Cuaresma - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
T. Boch - Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg
C. Boeche - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
R. Borrachero - Universitat de Barcelona
D. Bossini - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
S. Bouquillon - Sorbonne Université
A. Bragaglia - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
L. Bramante
M. Breddels - University of Groningen
A. Bressan - Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati
N. Brouillet - Université de Bordeaux
T. Brüsemeister - Heidelberg University
E. Brugaletta - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania
B. Bucciarelli - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
A. Burlacu - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
D. Busonero - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
A. Butkevich - TU Dresden
R. Buzzi - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
E. Caffau - Observatoire de Paris
R. Cancelliere - University of Turin
G. Cannizzaro - SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research
T. Cantat-Gaudin - Universitat de Barcelona
R. Carballo - Universidad de Cantabria
T. Carlucci - Sorbonne Université
J. Carrasco - Universitat de Barcelona
L. Casamiquela - Universitat de Barcelona
M. Castellani - Astronomical Observatory of Rome
A. Castro-Ginard - Universitat de Barcelona
L. Chemin - University of Antofagasta
A. Chiavassa - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
G. Cocozza - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
G. Costigan - Leiden University
S. Cowell - University of Cambridge
F. Crifo - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
M. Crosta - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
C. Crowley - European Space Astronomy Centre
J. Cuypers - Royal Observatory of Belgium
C. Dafonte - Universidade da Coruña
Y. Damerdji - University of Liège
A. Dapergolas - National Observatory of Athens
P. David - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
P. de Laverny - Université Côte d'Azur
F. de Luise - Collurania Teramo Observatory
R. de March
R. de Souza - Universidade de São Paulo
A. de Torres - European Space Astronomy Centre
J. Debosscher - KU Leuven
E. del Pozo - European Space Astronomy Centre
M. Delbò - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
A. Delgado - National University of Distance Education
H. Delgado - National University of Distance Education
S. Diakite - Institut UTINAM
C. Diener - University of Cambridge
E. Distefano - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania
C. Dolding - University College London
P. Drazinos - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
J. Duran - Ingeniería de Sistemas para la Defensa de España
B. Edvardsson - Uppsala University
H. Enke - Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam
K. Eriksson - Uppsala University
P. Esquej - European Space Astronomy Centre
G. Eynard Bontemps
C. Fabre - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
M. Fabrizio - Astronomical Observatory of Rome
S. Faigler - Tel Aviv University
J. Falcão
M. Farràs Casas
L. Federici - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
G. Fedorets - University of Helsinki
P. Fernique - Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg
F. Figueras - Universitat de Barcelona
F. Filippi - Sapienza University of Rome
K. Findeisen - Observatoire de Paris
A. Fonti
E. Fraile - European Space Astronomy Centre
M. Fraser - University of Cambridge
B. Frézouls - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
M. Gai - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
S. Galleti - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
D. Garabato - Universidade da Coruña
F. García-Sedano - National University of Distance Education
A. Garofalo - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
N. Garralda - Universitat de Barcelona
A. Gavel - Uppsala University
P. Gavras - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
J. Gerssen - Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam
P. Giacobbe - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
G. Gilmore - University of Cambridge
S. Girona - Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
G. Giuffrida - Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
F. Glass - University of Geneva
M. Gomes - University of Lisbon
M. Granvik - Luleå University of Technology
A. Gueguen - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
A. Guerrier - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
J. Guiraud - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
R. Gutié - European Space Astronomy Centre
R. Haigron - Observatoire de Paris
D. Hatzidimitriou - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
M. Hauser - Heidelberg University
M. Haywood - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
U. Heiter - Uppsala University
A. Helmi - University of Groningen
J. Heu - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
W. Hofmann - Heidelberg University
G. Holland - University of Cambridge
H. Huckle - University College London
A. Hypki - Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
V. Icardi
K. Janssen
G. Jevardat de Fombelle
G. Jonker
A. Juhasz - Konkoly Observatory
F. Julbe - Universitat de Barcelona
A. Karampelas - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
A. Kewley - University of Cambridge
J. Klar - Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam
A. Kochoska - University of Ljubljana
R. Kohley - European Space Astronomy Centre
K. Kolenberg - University of Antwerp
M. Kontizas - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
E. Kontizas - National Observatory of Athens
S. Koposov - University of Cambridge
G. Kordopatis - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
Z. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska - Radboud University Nijmegen
P. Koubsky - Czech Academy of Sciences, Astronomical Institute
A. Lanza - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania
Y. Lasne - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
J. Lavigne - Thales
Y. Le Fustec - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
C. Le Poncin-Lafitte - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace
Y. Lebreton - Observatoire de Paris
S. Leccia - Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte
N. Leclerc - Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique et Instrumentation
I. Lecoeur-Taibi - University of Geneva
H. Lenhardt - Heidelberg University
F. Leroux - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
S. Liao - Shanghai Astronomical Observatory
E. Licata - Eurix
H. Lindstrøm
T. Lister - Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network
E. Livanou - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
A. Lobel - Royal Observatory of Belgium
M. López - Centro de Astrobiología
S. Managau - Thales
G. Mann - Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam
G. Mantelet - Heidelberg University
O. Marchal - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
J. Marchant - Liverpool John Moores University
M. Marconi - Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte
S. Marinoni - Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
G. Marschalkó - Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences
J. Marshall
M. Martino
G. Marton - Hungarian Academy of Sciences
N. Mary - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
D. Massari - University of Groningen
G. Matijevič - Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam
T. Mazeh - Tel Aviv University
J. Mcmillan
S. Messina - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania
R. Millar - Centre for Integrative Physiology
D. Molina - Universitat de Barcelona
R. Molinaro - Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte
L. Molnar - Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences
P. Montegriffo - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
R. Mor - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
R. Morbidelli - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
T. Morel - University of Liège
D. Morris - University of Edinburgh
A. Mulone
T. Muraveva - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
I. Musella - Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte
G. Nelemans - Radboud University Nijmegen
L. Nicastro - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
L. Noval - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
W. O’mullane - Large Synoptic Survey Telescope Corporation
C. Ordenovic - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
D. Ordóñez-Blanco
P. Osborne - University of Cambridge
C. Pagani - University of Leicester
I. Pagano - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania
F. Pailler - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
H. Palacin - Thales
L. Palaversa - University of Cambridge
A. Panahi - Tel Aviv University
M. Pawlak - University of Warsaw
M. Piersimoni
F. Pineau - Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg
E. Plachy - Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences
G. Plum - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
E. Poggio - University of Turin
E. Poujoulet - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
A. Prša - Villanova University
L. Pulone - Astronomical Observatory of Rome
E. Racero
S. Ragaini - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
N. Rambaux - Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Éphémérides
S. Regibo - KU Leuven
C. Reyle - Institut UTINAM
F. Riclet - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
V. Ripepi - Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte
A. Riva - Thales
A. Rivard - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
G. Rixon - University of Cambridge
T. Roegiers - European Space Research and Technology Centre
M. Roelens - University of Geneva
M. Romero-Gomez - Universitat de Barcelona
N. Rowell - University of Edinburgh
F. Royer - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
L. Ruiz-Dern - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
G. Sadowski - Université Libre de Bruxelles
T. Sagristà Sellés
J. Sahlmann - European Space Astronomy Centre
J. Salgado - European Space Astronomy Centre
E. Salguero - European Space Astronomy Centre
N. Sanna - Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
T. Santana-Ros - Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
M. Sarasso - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
H. Savietto
M. Schultheis - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
E. Sciacca
M. Segol - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
C. Segovia
D. Segransan - University of Geneva
C. Shih - Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation
L. Siltala - Nordic Optical Telescope
A. Silva - University of Lisbon
R. Smart - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
W. Smith
E. Solano - Centro de Astrobiología
F. Solitro
R. Sordo - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
S. Soria Nieto
J. Souchay - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
A. Spagna - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
F. Spoto - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
U. Stampa - Heidelberg University
A. Steele - Geophysical Laboratory
C. Stephenson - European Space Astronomy Centre
H. Stoev - Telescopio Nazionale Galileo
F. Suess - University of Cambridge
J. Surdej - University of Liège
L. Szabados - Hungarian Academy of Sciences
E. Szegedi-Elek - Konkoly Observatory
D. Tapiador - European Space Astronomy Centre
F. Taris - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
G. Tauran - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
M. Taylor - University of Bristol
R. Teixeira - Universidade de São Paulo
D. Terrett - Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
P. Teyssandier - Observatoire de Paris
W. Thuillot - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
A. Titarenko - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
F. Torra Clotet
C. Turon - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
A. Ulla - Universidade de Vigo
E. Utrilla - European Space Astronomy Centre
S. Uzzi
M. Vaillant - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
G. Valentini - Collurania Teramo Observatory
V. Valette - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
A. van Elteren - Leiden University
E. van Hemelryck - Royal Observatory of Belgium
M. van Leeuwen - University of Cambridge
P. Charlot - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux
M. Vaschetto
A. Vecchiato - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
J. Veljanoski - University of Groningen
Y. Viala - Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique et Instrumentation
D. Vicente - Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
S. Vogt - European Space Research and Technology Centre
C. von Essen - Aarhus University
H. Voss - Universitat de Barcelona
V. Votruba - Czech Academy of Sciences, Astronomical Institute
S. Voutsinas - University of Edinburgh
G. Walmsley - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
M. Weiler - Universitat de Barcelona
O. Wertz - University of Bonn
T. Wevers - Radboud University Nijmegen
Ł. Wyrzykowski - University of Warsaw
A. Yoldas - University of Cambridge
M. Žerjal - Australian National University
H. Ziaeepour - Institut UTINAM
J. Zorec - Sorbonne Université
S. Zschocke - TU Dresden
S. Zucker - Tel Aviv University
C. Zurbach - Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
T. Zwitter - University of Ljubljana
Publication Details: Astronomy & Astrophysics - A&A, Vol.616
Identifiers: 9933856709311
Academic Unit: Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article
Local Fields: hal-01867238