Gaia Data Release 2. Observations of solar system objects

F. Spoto; P. Tanga; F. Mignard; J. Berthier; B. Carry; A. Cellino; A. Dell’oro; D. Hestroffer; K. Muinonen; T. Pauwels; J. Petit; P. David; F. de Angeli; M. Delbò; B. Frézouls; M. Granvik; J. Guiraud; J. Hernandez; C. Ordenovic; J. Portell; E. Poujoulet; W. Thuillot; G. Walmsley; A. Brown; A. Vallenari; T. Prusti; J. de Bruijne; C. Babusiaux; C. Bailer-Jones; M. Biermann; D. Evans; L. Eyer; F. Jansen; C. Jordi; S. Klioner; U. Lammers; L. Lindegren; X. Luri; C. Panem; D. Pourbaix; S. Randich; P. Sartoretti; H. Siddiqui; C. Soubiran; F. van Leeuwen; A. Walton; F. Arenou; U. Bastian; M. Cropper; R. Drimmel; D. Katz; M. Lattanzi; J. Bakker; C. Cacciari; J. Castañeda; L. Chaoul; N. Cheek; C. Fabricius; R. Guerra; B. Holl; E. Masana; R. Messineo; N. Mowlavi; K. Nienartowicz; P. Panuzzo; M. Riello; M. Seabroke; F. Thevenin; G. Gracia-Abril; G. Comoretto; M. Garcia-Reinaldos; D. Teyssier; M. Altmann; R. Andrae; M. Audard; I. Bellas-Velidis; K. Benson; R. Blomme; P. Burgess; G. Busso; G. Clementini; M. Clotet; O. Creevey; M. David; J. de Ridder; L. Delchambre; C. Ducourant; J. Fernández-Hernández; M. Fouesneau; Y. Frémat; M. García-Torres; J. González-Núñez; J. González-Vidal; E. Gosset; P. Guy; J. Halbwachs; C. Hambly; D. Harrison; T. Hodgkin; A. Hutton; Gérard Jasniewicz; A. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo; S. Jordan; J. Korn; A. Krone-Martins; C. Lanza; T. Lebzelter; W. L O¨; M. Manteiga; M. Marrese; J. Martín-Fleitas; A. Moitinho; A. Mor; J. Osinde; E. Pancino; A. Recio-Blanco; J. Richards; L. Rimoldini; C. Robin; M. Sarro; C. Siopis; M. Smith; A. Sozzetti; M. Süveges; J. Torra; W. van Reeven; U. Abbas; A. Abreu Aramburu; S. Accart; C. Aerts; G. Altavilla; M. Álvarez; R. Alvarez; J. Alves; R. Anderson; H. Andrei; E. Anglada Varela; E. Antiche; T. Antoja; B. Arcay; T. Astraatmadja; N. Bach; S. Baker; L. Balaguer-Nunez; P. Balm; C. Barache; C. Barata; D. Barbato; F. Barblan; S. Barklem; D. Barrado; M. Barros; M. Barstow; L. Bartholomé Muñoz; J. Bassilana; U. Becciani; M. Bellazzini; A. Berihuete; Stefano Bertone; L. Bianchi; O. Bienaymé; S. Blanco-Cuaresma; T. Boch; C. Boeche; A. Bombrun; R. Borrachero; D. Bossini; S. Bouquillon; G. Bourda; A. Bragaglia; L. Bramante; M. Breddels; A. Bressan; N. Brouillet; T. Brüsemeister; E. Brugaletta; B. Bucciarelli; A. Burlacu; D. Busonero; A. Butkevich; R. Buzzi; E. Caffau; R. Cancelliere; G. Cannizzaro; T. Cantat-Gaudin; R. Carballo; T. Carlucci; J. Carrasco; L. Casamiquela; M. Castellani; A. Castro-Ginard; P. Charlot; L. Chemin; A. Chiavassa; G. Cocozza; G. Costigan; S. Cowell; F. Crifo; M. Crosta; C. Crowley; J. Cuypers; C. Dafonte; Y. Damerdji; A. Dapergolas; P. de Laverny; F. de Luise; R. de March; R. de Souza; A. de Torres; J. Debosscher; E. del Pozo; A. Delgado; H. Delgado; S. Diakite; C. Diener; E. Distefano; C. Dolding; P. Drazinos; J. Duran; B. Edvardsson; H. Enke; K. Eriksson; P. Esquej; G. Eynard Bontemps; C. Fabre; M. Fabrizio; S. Faigler; J. Falcão; M. Farràs Casas; L. Federici; G. Fedorets; P. Fernique; F. Figueras; F. Filippi; K. Findeisen; A. Fonti; E. Fraile; M. Fraser; M. Gai; S. Galleti; D. Garabato; F. García-Sedano; A. Garofalo; N. Garralda; A. Gavel; P. Gavras; J. Gerssen; R. Geyer; P. Giacobbe; G. Gilmore; S. Girona; G. Giuffrida; F. Glass; M. Gomes; A. Gueguen; A. Guerrier; R. Gutié; R. Haigron; D. Hatzidimitriou; M. Hauser; M. Haywood; U. Heiter; A. Helmi; J. Heu; T. Hilger; D. Hobbs; W. Hofmann; G. Holland; H. Huckle; A. Hypki; V. Icardi; K. Janssen; G. Jevardat de Fombelle; G. Jonker; L. Juhasz; F. Julbe; A. Karampelas; A. Kewley; J. Klar; A. Kochoska; R. Kohley; K. Kolenberg; M. Kontizas; E. Kontizas; S. Koposov; G. Kordopatis; Z. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska; P. Koubsky; S. Lambert; A. Lanza; Y. Lasne; J. Lavigne; Y. Le Fustec; C. Le Poncin-Lafitte; Y. Lebreton; S. Leccia; N. Leclerc; I. Lecoeur-Taibi; H. Lenhardt; F. Leroux; S. Liao; E. Licata; H. Lindstrøm; T. Lister; E. Livanou; A. Lobel; M. López; S. Managau; G. Mann; G. Mantelet; O. Marchal; J. Marchant; M. Marconi; S. Marinoni; G. Marschalkó; J. Marshall; M. Martino; G. Marton; N. Mary; D. Massari; G. Matijevič; T. Mazeh; J. Mcmillan; S. Messina; D. Michalik; R. Millar; D. Molina; R. Molinaro; L. Molnar; P. Montegriffo; R. Mor; R. Morbidelli; T. Morel; D. Morris; A. Mulone; T. Muraveva; I. Musella; G. Nelemans; L. Nicastro; L. Noval; W. O’mullane; D. Ordóñez-Blanco; P. Osborne; C. Pagani; I. Pagano; F. Pailler; H. Palacin; L. Palaversa; A. Panahi; M. Pawlak; M. Piersimoni; F. Pineau; E. Plachy; G. Plum; E. Poggio; A. Prša; L. Pulone; E. Racero; S. Ragaini; N. Rambaux; M. Ramos-Lerate; S. Regibo; C. Reyle; F. Riclet; V. Ripepi; A. Riva; A. Rivard; G. Rixon; T. Roegiers; M. Roelens; M. Romero-Gomez; N. Rowell; F. Royer; L. Ruiz-Dern; G. Sadowski; T. Sagristà Sellés; J. Sahlmann; J. Salgado; E. Salguero; N. Sanna; T. Santana-Ros; M. Sarasso; H. Savietto; M. Schultheis; E. Sciacca; M. Segol; C. Segovia; D. Segransan; C. Shih; L. Siltala; A. Silva; R. Smart; K. Smith; E. Solano; F. Solitro; R. Sordo; S. Soria Nieto; J. Souchay; A. Spagna; U. Stampa; A. Steele; H. Steidelmüller; C. Stephenson; H. Stoev; F. Suess; J. Surdej; L. Szabados; E. Szegedi-Elek; D. Tapiador; F. Taris; G. Tauran; M. Taylor; R. Teixeira; D. Terrett; P. Teyssandier; A. Titarenko; F. Torra Clotet; C. Turon; A. Ulla; E. Utrilla; S. Uzzi; M. Vaillant; G. Valentini; V. Valette; A. van Elteren; E. van Hemelryck; M. van Leeuwen; M. Vaschetto; A. Vecchiato; J. Veljanoski; Y. Viala; D. Vicente; S. Vogt; C. von Essen; H. Voss; V. Votruba; S. Voutsinas; M. Weiler; O. Wertz; T. Wevers; Ł. Wyrzykowski; A. Yoldas; M. Žerjal; H. Ziaeepour; J. Zorec; S. Zschocke; S. Zucker; C. Zurbach; T. Zwitter

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201832900

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Gaia Data Release 2. Observations of solar system objects

Journal article

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Peer reviewed

Gaia Data Release 2. Observations of solar system objects

F. Spoto, P. Tanga, F. Mignard, J. Berthier, B. Carry, A. Cellino, A. Dell’oro, D. Hestroffer, K. Muinonen, T. Pauwels, …

Astronomy & Astrophysics - A&A, Vol.616

08/2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832900

Abstract

Context. The Gaia spacecraft of the European Space Agency (ESA) has been securing observations of solar system objects (SSOs) since the beginning of its operations. Data Release 2 (DR2) contains the observations of a selected sample of 14,099 SSOs. These asteroids have been already identified and have been numbered by the Minor Planet Center repository. Positions are provided for each Gaia observation at CCD level. As additional information, complementary to astrometry, the apparent brightness of SSOs in the unfil-tered G band is also provided for selected observations. Aims. We explain the processing of SSO data, and describe the criteria we used to select the sample published in Gaia DR2. We then explore the data set to assess its quality. Methods. To exploit the main data product for the solar system in Gaia DR2, which is the epoch astrometry of asteroids, it is necessary to take into account the unusual properties of the uncertainty, as the position information is nearly one-dimensional. When this aspect is handled appropriately, an orbit fit can be obtained with post-fit residuals that are overall consistent with the a-priori error model that was used to define individual values of the astrometric uncertainty. The role of both random and systematic errors is described. The distribution of residuals allowed us to identify possible contaminants in the data set (such as stars). Photometry in the G band was compared to computed values from reference asteroid shapes and to the flux registered at the corresponding epochs by the red and blue photometers (RP and BP). Results. The overall astrometric performance is close to the expectations, with an optimal range of brightness G ∼ 12 − 17. In this range, the typical transit-level accuracy is well below 1 mas. For fainter asteroids, the growing photon noise deteriorates the performance. Asteroids brighter than G ∼ 12 are affected by a lower performance of the processing of their signals. The dramatic improvement brought by Gaia DR2 astrometry of SSOs is demonstrated by comparisons to the archive data and by preliminary tests on the detection of subtle non-gravitational effects.

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Title: Gaia Data Release 2. Observations of solar system objects
Creators - without role: F. Spoto - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
P. Tanga - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
F. Mignard - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
J. Berthier - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
B. Carry - Sorbonne Université
A. Cellino - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
A. Dell’oro - Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
D. Hestroffer - Université de Lille
K. Muinonen - University of Helsinki
T. Pauwels - Royal Observatory of Belgium
J. Petit - Institut UTINAM
P. David - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
F. de Angeli - University of Cambridge
M. Delbò - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
B. Frézouls - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
M. Granvik - Luleå University of Technology
J. Guiraud - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
J. Hernandez - European Space Astronomy Centre
C. Ordenovic - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
J. Portell - Universitat de Barcelona
E. Poujoulet - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
W. Thuillot - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
G. Walmsley - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
A. Brown
A. Vallenari - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
T. Prusti - European Space Research and Technology Centre
J. de Bruijne
C. Babusiaux - Observatoire de Paris
C. Bailer-Jones
M. Biermann - Heidelberg University
D. Evans - University of Cambridge
L. Eyer - University of Geneva
F. Jansen - European Space Research and Technology Centre
C. Jordi - Universitat de Barcelona
S. Klioner - TU Dresden
U. Lammers - European Space Astronomy Centre
L. Lindegren - Lund University
X. Luri - Universitat de Barcelona
C. Panem - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
D. Pourbaix - Université Libre de Bruxelles
S. Randich - Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
P. Sartoretti - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
H. Siddiqui - European Space Astronomy Centre
C. Soubiran - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux
F. van Leeuwen - University of Cambridge
A. Walton
F. Arenou - Observatoire de Paris
U. Bastian - Heidelberg University
M. Cropper - University College London
R. Drimmel - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
D. Katz - Observatoire de Paris
M. Lattanzi - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
J. Bakker - European Space Astronomy Centre
C. Cacciari - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
J. Castañeda - Universitat de Barcelona
L. Chaoul - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
N. Cheek
C. Fabricius - Universitat de Barcelona
R. Guerra - European Space Astronomy Centre
B. Holl - University of Geneva
E. Masana - Universitat de Barcelona
R. Messineo
N. Mowlavi - University of Geneva
K. Nienartowicz - University of Geneva
P. Panuzzo - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
M. Riello - University of Cambridge
M. Seabroke
F. Thevenin - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
G. Gracia-Abril - Heidelberg University
G. Comoretto - European Space Astronomy Centre
M. Garcia-Reinaldos - European Space Astronomy Centre
D. Teyssier - European Space Astronomy Centre
M. Altmann - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace
R. Andrae - Max Planck Institute for Astronomy
M. Audard - University of Geneva
I. Bellas-Velidis - National Observatory of Athens
K. Benson - University College London
R. Blomme - Royal Observatory of Belgium
P. Burgess - University of Cambridge
G. Busso - University of Cambridge
G. Clementini - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
M. Clotet - Universitat de Barcelona
O. Creevey - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
M. David - University of Antwerp
J. de Ridder - KU Leuven
L. Delchambre - University of Liège
C. Ducourant - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux
J. Fernández-Hernández - European Space Astronomy Centre
M. Fouesneau - Max Planck Institute for Astronomy
Y. Frémat - Royal Observatory of Belgium
M. García-Torres - Universidad Pablo de Olavide
J. González-Núñez - Universidade de Vigo
J. González-Vidal - Universitat de Barcelona
E. Gosset - Fund for Scientific Research
P. Guy
J. Halbwachs - Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg
C. Hambly
D. Harrison - University of Cambridge
T. Hodgkin
A. Hutton - European Space Astronomy Centre
Gérard Jasniewicz - Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
A. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
S. Jordan - Heidelberg University
J. Korn
A. Krone-Martins - University of Lisbon
C. Lanza
T. Lebzelter - University of Vienna
W. L O¨
M. Manteiga - Universidade da Coruña
M. Marrese
J. Martín-Fleitas - European Space Astronomy Centre
A. Moitinho - University of Lisbon
A. Mor
J. Osinde - Ingeniería de Sistemas para la Defensa de España
E. Pancino - Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
A. Recio-Blanco - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
J. Richards
L. Rimoldini - University of Geneva
C. Robin
M. Sarro
C. Siopis - Université Libre de Bruxelles
M. Smith - University College London
A. Sozzetti - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
M. Süveges - Max Planck Institute for Astronomy
J. Torra - Universitat de Barcelona
W. van Reeven - European Space Astronomy Centre
U. Abbas - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
A. Abreu Aramburu
S. Accart - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
C. Aerts - KU Leuven
G. Altavilla - Astronomical Observatory of Rome
M. Álvarez - Universidade da Coruña
R. Alvarez - European Space Astronomy Centre
J. Alves - University of Vienna
R. Anderson - European Southern Observatory
H. Andrei - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace
E. Anglada Varela
E. Antiche - Universitat de Barcelona
T. Antoja - European Space Research and Technology Centre
B. Arcay - Universidade da Coruña
T. Astraatmadja - Max Planck Institute for Astronomy
N. Bach - European Space Astronomy Centre
S. Baker - University College London
L. Balaguer-Nunez - Universitat de Barcelona
P. Balm - European Space Astronomy Centre
C. Barache - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace
C. Barata - University of Lisbon
D. Barbato - University of Turin
F. Barblan - University of Geneva
S. Barklem
D. Barrado - Centro de Astrobiología
M. Barros - University of Lisbon
M. Barstow - University of Leicester
L. Bartholomé Muñoz
J. Bassilana - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
U. Becciani - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania
M. Bellazzini - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
A. Berihuete - Universidad de Cádiz
Stefano Bertone - Observatoire de Paris
L. Bianchi - Eurix
O. Bienaymé - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
S. Blanco-Cuaresma - Université de Bordeaux
T. Boch - Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg
C. Boeche - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
A. Bombrun - European Space Astronomy Centre
R. Borrachero - Universitat de Barcelona
D. Bossini - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
S. Bouquillon - Sorbonne Université
G. Bourda - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux
A. Bragaglia - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
L. Bramante
M. Breddels - University of Groningen
A. Bressan - Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati
N. Brouillet - Université de Bordeaux
T. Brüsemeister - Heidelberg University
E. Brugaletta - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania
B. Bucciarelli - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
A. Burlacu - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
D. Busonero - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
A. Butkevich - TU Dresden
R. Buzzi - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
E. Caffau - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
R. Cancelliere - University of Turin
G. Cannizzaro - SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research
T. Cantat-Gaudin - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
R. Carballo - Universidad de Cantabria
T. Carlucci - Sorbonne Université
J. Carrasco - Universitat de Barcelona
L. Casamiquela - Universitat de Barcelona
M. Castellani - Astronomical Observatory of Rome
A. Castro-Ginard - Universitat de Barcelona
P. Charlot - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
L. Chemin - University of Antofagasta
A. Chiavassa - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
G. Cocozza - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
G. Costigan - Leiden University
S. Cowell - University of Cambridge
F. Crifo - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
M. Crosta - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
C. Crowley - European Space Astronomy Centre
J. Cuypers - Royal Observatory of Belgium
C. Dafonte - Universidade da Coruña
Y. Damerdji - Centre de Recherche en Astronomie Astrophysique et Géophysique
A. Dapergolas - National Observatory of Athens
P. de Laverny - Université Côte d'Azur
F. de Luise - Collurania Teramo Observatory
R. de March
R. de Souza - Universidade de São Paulo
A. de Torres - European Space Astronomy Centre
J. Debosscher - KU Leuven
E. del Pozo - European Space Astronomy Centre
A. Delgado - National University of Distance Education
H. Delgado - National University of Distance Education
S. Diakite - Institut UTINAM
C. Diener - University of Cambridge
E. Distefano - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania
C. Dolding - University College London
P. Drazinos - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
J. Duran - Ingeniería de Sistemas para la Defensa de España
B. Edvardsson - Uppsala University
H. Enke - Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam
K. Eriksson - Uppsala University
P. Esquej - European Space Astronomy Centre
G. Eynard Bontemps
C. Fabre - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
M. Fabrizio - Astronomical Observatory of Rome
S. Faigler - Tel Aviv University
J. Falcão
M. Farràs Casas
L. Federici - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
G. Fedorets - University of Helsinki
P. Fernique - Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg
F. Figueras - Universitat de Barcelona
F. Filippi - Sapienza University of Rome
K. Findeisen - Observatoire de Paris
A. Fonti
E. Fraile - European Space Astronomy Centre
M. Fraser - University College Dublin
M. Gai - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
S. Galleti - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
D. Garabato - Universidade da Coruña
F. García-Sedano - National University of Distance Education
A. Garofalo - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
N. Garralda - Universitat de Barcelona
A. Gavel - Uppsala University
P. Gavras - Observatoire de Paris
J. Gerssen - Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam
R. Geyer - TU Dresden
P. Giacobbe - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
G. Gilmore - University of Cambridge
S. Girona - Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
G. Giuffrida - Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
F. Glass - University of Geneva
M. Gomes - University of Lisbon
A. Gueguen - Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique et Instrumentation
A. Guerrier - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
R. Gutié - European Space Astronomy Centre
R. Haigron - Observatoire de Paris
D. Hatzidimitriou - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
M. Hauser - Heidelberg University
M. Haywood - Observatoire de Paris
U. Heiter - Uppsala University
A. Helmi - University of Groningen
J. Heu - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
T. Hilger - TU Dresden
D. Hobbs - Lund University
W. Hofmann - Heidelberg University
G. Holland - University of Cambridge
H. Huckle - University College London
A. Hypki - Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
V. Icardi
K. Janssen
G. Jevardat de Fombelle
G. Jonker
L. Juhasz - DEE
F. Julbe - Universitat de Barcelona
A. Karampelas - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
A. Kewley - University of Cambridge
J. Klar - Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam
A. Kochoska - University of Ljubljana
R. Kohley - European Space Astronomy Centre
K. Kolenberg - University of Antwerp
M. Kontizas - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
E. Kontizas - National Observatory of Athens
S. Koposov - University of Cambridge
G. Kordopatis - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
Z. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska - Radboud University Nijmegen
P. Koubsky - Czech Academy of Sciences, Astronomical Institute
S. Lambert - Sorbonne Université
A. Lanza - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania
Y. Lasne - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
J. Lavigne - Thales
Y. Le Fustec - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
C. Le Poncin-Lafitte - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace
Y. Lebreton - Observatoire de Paris
S. Leccia - Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte
N. Leclerc - Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique et Instrumentation
I. Lecoeur-Taibi - University of Geneva
H. Lenhardt - Heidelberg University
F. Leroux - Thales
S. Liao - Shanghai Astronomical Observatory
E. Licata - Eurix
H. Lindstrøm
T. Lister - Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network
E. Livanou - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
A. Lobel - Royal Observatory of Belgium
M. López - Centro de Astrobiología
S. Managau - Thales
G. Mann - Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam
G. Mantelet - Heidelberg University
O. Marchal - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
J. Marchant - Liverpool John Moores University
M. Marconi - Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte
S. Marinoni - Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
G. Marschalkó - Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences
J. Marshall
M. Martino
G. Marton - Hungarian Academy of Sciences
N. Mary - Thales
D. Massari - University of Groningen
G. Matijevič - Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam
T. Mazeh - Tel Aviv University
J. Mcmillan
S. Messina - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania
D. Michalik - Lund University
R. Millar
D. Molina - Universitat de Barcelona
R. Molinaro - Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte
L. Molnar - Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences
P. Montegriffo - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
R. Mor - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
R. Morbidelli - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
T. Morel - University of Liège
D. Morris - Royal Observatory
A. Mulone
T. Muraveva - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
I. Musella - Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte
G. Nelemans - Radboud University Nijmegen
L. Nicastro - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
L. Noval - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
W. O’mullane - Large Synoptic Survey Telescope Corporation
D. Ordóñez-Blanco
P. Osborne - University of Cambridge
C. Pagani - University of Leicester
I. Pagano - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania
F. Pailler - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
H. Palacin - Thales
L. Palaversa - University of Geneva
A. Panahi - Tel Aviv University
M. Pawlak - Charles University
M. Piersimoni
F. Pineau - Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg
E. Plachy - Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences
G. Plum - Observatoire de Paris
E. Poggio - University of Turin
A. Prša - Villanova University
L. Pulone - Astronomical Observatory of Rome
E. Racero
S. Ragaini - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
N. Rambaux - Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Éphémérides
M. Ramos-Lerate
S. Regibo - KU Leuven
C. Reyle - Institut UTINAM
F. Riclet - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
V. Ripepi - Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte
A. Riva - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
A. Rivard - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
G. Rixon - University of Cambridge
T. Roegiers - European Space Research and Technology Centre
M. Roelens - University of Geneva
M. Romero-Gomez - Universitat de Barcelona
N. Rowell - University of Edinburgh
F. Royer - Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique et Instrumentation
L. Ruiz-Dern - Observatoire de Paris
G. Sadowski - Université Libre de Bruxelles
T. Sagristà Sellés
J. Sahlmann - Space Telescope Science Institute
J. Salgado - European Space Astronomy Centre
E. Salguero - European Space Astronomy Centre
N. Sanna - Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
T. Santana-Ros - Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
M. Sarasso - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
H. Savietto
M. Schultheis - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
E. Sciacca
M. Segol - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
C. Segovia
D. Segransan - University of Geneva
C. Shih - Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation
L. Siltala - University of Helsinki
A. Silva - University of Lisbon
R. Smart - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
K. Smith - Max Planck Institute for Astronomy
E. Solano - Centro de Astrobiología
F. Solitro
R. Sordo - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
S. Soria Nieto
J. Souchay - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
A. Spagna - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
U. Stampa - Heidelberg University
A. Steele - Geophysical Laboratory
H. Steidelmüller - TU Dresden
C. Stephenson - European Space Astronomy Centre
H. Stoev - Telescopio Nazionale Galileo
F. Suess - University of Cambridge
J. Surdej - University of Liège
L. Szabados - Konkoly Observatory
E. Szegedi-Elek - Konkoly Observatory
D. Tapiador - European Space Astronomy Centre
F. Taris - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
G. Tauran - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
M. Taylor - University of Bristol
R. Teixeira - Universidade de São Paulo
D. Terrett - Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
P. Teyssandier - Observatoire de Paris
A. Titarenko - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
F. Torra Clotet
C. Turon - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
A. Ulla - Universidade de Vigo
E. Utrilla - European Space Astronomy Centre
S. Uzzi
M. Vaillant - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
G. Valentini - Collurania Teramo Observatory
V. Valette - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
A. van Elteren - Leiden University
E. van Hemelryck - Royal Observatory of Belgium
M. van Leeuwen - University of Cambridge
M. Vaschetto
A. Vecchiato - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
J. Veljanoski - University of Groningen
Y. Viala - Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique et Instrumentation
D. Vicente - Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
S. Vogt - European Space Research and Technology Centre
C. von Essen - Aarhus University
H. Voss - Universitat de Barcelona
V. Votruba - Czech Academy of Sciences, Astronomical Institute
S. Voutsinas - University of Edinburgh
M. Weiler - Universitat de Barcelona
O. Wertz - University of Bonn
T. Wevers - Radboud University Nijmegen
Ł. Wyrzykowski - University of Cambridge
A. Yoldas - University of Cambridge
M. Žerjal - Australian National University
H. Ziaeepour - Institut UTINAM
J. Zorec - Sorbonne Université
S. Zschocke - TU Dresden
S. Zucker - Tel Aviv University
C. Zurbach - Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
T. Zwitter - University of Ljubljana
Publication Details: Astronomy & Astrophysics - A&A, Vol.616
Identifiers: 9933969809311
Academic Unit: Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article
Local Fields: hal-01867330