Abstract
In a changing environment, the human factor is a key element to ensure the survival of an enterprise. It is hence necessary to model and analyse the enterprise processes with regard to both human and material resources. A French approach to process performance and its relation to the competence concept are presented. Several studies in which competence is integrated in the estimation of process performance are presented, and the method developed is described. It integrates individual and collective competencies to estimate the performance of an activity. This is first achieved in a specific case and, then generalized and formalized for different viewpoints. Finally, some new studies in which the proposed method was used are pointed out.