Résumé
In this article we study the Picard functor and the Picard stack of an algebraic stack. We give a new and direct proof of the representability of the Picard stack. We prove that it is quasi-separated, and that the connected component of the identity is proper when the fibers of X are geometrically normal. We study some examples of Picard functors of classical stacks. In an appendix, we review the lisse-étale cohomology of abelian sheaves on an algebraic stack.