Résumé
Climatic Quaternary events had drastic consequences on biogeographical range and genetic patterns of plants and animals species. The Common frog Rana temporaria is a naturally widespread anuran in Europe, and the aim of this work was to analysed its phylogeography. Individuals were sampled in the whole geographic range and a mitochondrial gene (cyto b) was sequenced. A preliminary phylogenetic analysis revealed three major clades within R. temporaria species. The Common frog found refuge in three southern areas: Iberian Peninsula, Italy and the Balkans. The postglacial recolonization of Europe would have occurred from two major lineages: one westward from Italy and one eastward from the Balkans, with a current suture-zone between them and localized somewhere between Germany and the Balkans. The Iberian populations stayed isolated. Mitochondrial sequences of populations from north-western Spain confirm the genetic validity of the subspecies R. t. parvipalmata. On the contrary, the status of the taxon R. t. honnorati from "Alpes Maritimes" (France) should be revised.