Evidence for γ-ray emission from the remnant of Kepler’s supernova based on deep H.E.S.S. observations

F. Aharonian; F. Ait Benkhali; E.O. Anguner; H. Ashkar; M. Backes; V. Barbosa Martins; R. Batzofin; Y. Becherini; D. Berge; K. Bernloehr; M. Boettcher; C. Boisson; J. Bolmont; M. de Bony de Lavergne; M. Breuhaus; R. Brose; F. Brun; T. Bulik; T. Bylund; F. Cangemi; S. Caroff; S. Casanova; M. Cerruti; T. Chand; A. Chen; O. Chibueze; G. Cotter; P. Cristofari; J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye; J. Devin; A. Djannati-Atai; A. Dmytriiev; K. Egberts; S. Einecke; J.-P. Ernenwein; K. Feijen; A. Fiasson; G. Fichet de Clairfontaine; G. Fontaine; S. Funk; S. Gabici; Y.A. Gallant; S. Ghafourizadeh; G. Giavitto; L. Giunti; D. Glawion; J.F. Glicenstein; M.-H. Grondin; M. Hoerbe; W. Hofmann; T.L. Holch; M. Holler; D. Horns; Zhiqiu Huang; M. Jamrozy; I. Jung-Richardt; E. Kasai; K. Katarzynski; U. Katz; B. Khelifi; W. Kluzniak; Nu. Komin; K. Kosack; D. Kostunin; A. Lemiere; M. Lemoine-Goumard; J.-P. Lenain; F. Leuschner; T. Lohse; A. Luashvili; I. Lypova; J. Mackey; D. Malyshev; V. Marandon; P. Marchegiani; A. Marcowith; G. Marti-Devesa; R. Marx; G. Maurin; P.J. Meintjes; M. Meyer; A. Mitchell; R. Moderski; L. Mohrmann; A. Montanari; E. Moulin; J. Muller; K. Nakashima; M. de Naurois; A. Nayerhoda; J. Niemiec; A. Priyana Noel; P. O'Brien; S. Ohm; L. Olivera-Nieto; E. de Ona Wilhelmi; M. Ostrowski; S. Panny; M. Panter; R.D. Parsons; G. Peron; V. Poireau; D.A. Prokhorov; G. Puehlhofer; M. Punch; A. Quirrenbach; P. Reichherzer; A. Reimer; O. Reimer; M. Renaud; B. Reville; F. Rieger; G. Rowell; B. Rudak; H. Rueda Ricarte; V. Sahakian; S. Sailer; H. Salzmann; D.A. Sanchez; A. Santangelo; M. Sasaki; J. Schafer; F. Schussler; H.M. Schutte; U. Schwanke; J.N.S. Shapopi; R. Simoni; H. Sol; A. Specovius; S. Spencer; L. Stawarz; S. Steinmassl; C. Steppa; I. Sushch; T. Takahashi; T. Tanaka; A.M. Taylor; R. Terrier; M. Tsirou; Y. Uchiyama; T. Unbehaun; C. van Eldik; J. Veh; J. Vink; H.J. Voelk; S.J. Wagner; F. Werner; R. White; A. Wierzcholska; Yu Wun Wong; A. Yusafzai; M. Zacharias; D. Zargaryan; A.A. Zdziarski; A. Zech; S.J. Zhu; S. Zouari; N. Zywucka

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243096

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Evidence for γ-ray emission from the remnant of Kepler’s supernova based on deep H.E.S.S. observations

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Evidence for γ-ray emission from the remnant of Kepler’s supernova based on deep H.E.S.S. observations

F. Aharonian, F. Ait Benkhali, E.O. Anguner, H. Ashkar, M. Backes, V. Barbosa Martins, R. Batzofin, Y. Becherini, D. Berge, K. Bernloehr, …

Astronomy & Astrophysics - A&A, Vol.662

2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202243096

Abstract

gamma rays: general

supernovae: individual: Kepler

gamma-rays: general

supernovae: individual: Kepler’s SN

ISM: supernova remnants

radiation mechanisms: non-thermal

gamma ray: emission

energy: high

Cherenkov counter: atmosphere

supernova

energy spectrum

VHE

HESS

GeV

flux

spectral

imaging

GLAST

statistical

galaxy

Observations with imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) have enhanced our knowledge of nearby supernova (SN) remnants with ages younger than 500 yr by establishing Cassiopeia A and the remnant of Tycho’s SN as very-high-energy (VHE) γ-ray sources. The remnant of Kepler’s SN, which is the product of the most recent naked-eye SN in our Galaxy, is comparable in age to the other two, but is significantly more distant. If the γ-ray luminosities of the remnants of Tycho’s and Kepler’s SNe are similar, then the latter is expected to be one of the faintest γ-ray sources within reach of the current generation IACT arrays. Here we report evidence at a statistical level of 4.6σ for a VHE signal from the remnant of Kepler’s SN based on deep observations by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) with an exposure of 152 h. The measured integral flux above an energy of 226 GeV is ∼0.3% of the flux of the Crab Nebula. The spectral energy distribution (SED) reveals a γ-ray emitting component connecting the VHE emission observed with H.E.S.S. to the emission observed at GeV energies with Fermi-LAT. The overall SED is similar to that of the remnant of Tycho’s SN, possibly indicating the same nonthermal emission processes acting in both these young remnants of thermonuclear SNe.Key words: gamma rays: general / supernovae: individual: Kepler / ISM: supernova remnants / radiation mechanisms: non-thermal⋆ The H.E.S.S. data points are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/662/A65⋆⋆ Corresponding authors: e-mail: contact.hess@hess-experiment.eu

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Title: Evidence for γ-ray emission from the remnant of Kepler’s supernova based on deep H.E.S.S. observations
Creators - without role: F. Aharonian - Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies
F. Ait Benkhali - Heidelberg University
E.O. Anguner - Aix-Marseille Université
H. Ashkar - École Polytechnique
M. Backes - North-West University
V. Barbosa Martins
R. Batzofin - University of the Witwatersrand
Y. Becherini - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
D. Berge
K. Bernloehr
M. Boettcher
C. Boisson - Laboratoire Univers et Théories
J. Bolmont - Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies
M. de Bony de Lavergne - Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules
M. Breuhaus - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
R. Brose - Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies
F. Brun - Université Paris-Saclay
T. Bulik - University of Warsaw
T. Bylund - Linnaeus University
F. Cangemi - Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies
S. Caroff - Sorbonne Paris Cité
S. Casanova - Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences
M. Cerruti - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
T. Chand - North-West University
A. Chen - University of the Witwatersrand
O. Chibueze - North-West University
G. Cotter - University of Oxford
P. Cristofari - Université Paris Cité
J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye
J. Devin - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
A. Djannati-Atai - AstroParticule et Cosmologie
A. Dmytriiev - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
K. Egberts - University of Potsdam
S. Einecke - University of Adelaide
J.-P. Ernenwein - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
K. Feijen - University of Adelaide
A. Fiasson - Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules
G. Fichet de Clairfontaine - Université Paris Cité
G. Fontaine - Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet
S. Funk - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
S. Gabici - Université Paris Cité
Y.A. Gallant - Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
S. Ghafourizadeh - Heidelberg University
G. Giavitto
L. Giunti - Institut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'Univers
D. Glawion - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
J.F. Glicenstein - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
M.-H. Grondin - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
M. Hoerbe
W. Hofmann - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
T.L. Holch
M. Holler - Universität Innsbruck
D. Horns - Universität Hamburg
Zhiqiu Huang
M. Jamrozy - Jagiellonian University
I. Jung-Richardt - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
E. Kasai - University of Namibia
K. Katarzynski - Nicolaus Copernicus University
U. Katz - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
B. Khelifi - Université Paris Cité
W. Kluzniak - Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center
Nu. Komin - University of the Witwatersrand
K. Kosack - Université Paris-Saclay
D. Kostunin
A. Lemiere - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
M. Lemoine-Goumard - Laboratoire de Physique des deux infinis Bordeaux
J.-P. Lenain - Université Paris Cité
F. Leuschner - University of Tübingen
T. Lohse - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
A. Luashvili - Laboratoire Univers et Théories
I. Lypova - Heidelberg University
J. Mackey - Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies
D. Malyshev - University of Tübingen
V. Marandon - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
P. Marchegiani
A. Marcowith - Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
G. Marti-Devesa - Universität Innsbruck
R. Marx - Heidelberg University
G. Maurin - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
P.J. Meintjes - University of the Free State
M. Meyer - Universität Hamburg
A. Mitchell - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
R. Moderski - Polish Academy of Sciences
L. Mohrmann - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
A. Montanari - Institut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'Univers
E. Moulin - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
J. Muller - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
K. Nakashima - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
M. de Naurois - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
A. Nayerhoda - Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences
J. Niemiec - Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences
A. Priyana Noel - Jagiellonian University
P. O'Brien
S. Ohm
L. Olivera-Nieto - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
E. de Ona Wilhelmi
M. Ostrowski - Jagiellonian University
S. Panny - Universität Innsbruck
M. Panter - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
R.D. Parsons - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
G. Peron - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
V. Poireau - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
D.A. Prokhorov - University of Amsterdam
G. Puehlhofer
M. Punch - Université Paris Cité
A. Quirrenbach - Heidelberg University
P. Reichherzer - Université Paris-Saclay
A. Reimer
O. Reimer - Universität Innsbruck
M. Renaud - Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
B. Reville - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
F. Rieger - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
G. Rowell - University of Adelaide
B. Rudak - Polish Academy of Sciences
H. Rueda Ricarte - Institut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'Univers
V. Sahakian - A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory
S. Sailer - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
H. Salzmann
D.A. Sanchez - University of Tübingen
A. Santangelo - University of Tübingen
M. Sasaki - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
J. Schafer - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
F. Schussler - Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers
H.M. Schutte - North-West University
U. Schwanke - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
J.N.S. Shapopi - University of Namibia
R. Simoni - University of Amsterdam
H. Sol - Université Paris Cité
A. Specovius - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
S. Spencer - University of Oxford
L. Stawarz
S. Steinmassl - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
C. Steppa - University of Potsdam
I. Sushch - North-West University
T. Takahashi - Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe
T. Tanaka - Konan University
A.M. Taylor
R. Terrier - Université Paris Cité
M. Tsirou - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
Y. Uchiyama - Rikkyo University
T. Unbehaun - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
C. van Eldik - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
J. Veh - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
J. Vink - University of Amsterdam
H.J. Voelk
S.J. Wagner - Heidelberg University
F. Werner - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
R. White - Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
A. Wierzcholska - Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences
Yu Wun Wong - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
A. Yusafzai - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
M. Zacharias - Université Paris Cité
D. Zargaryan - Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies
A.A. Zdziarski - Polish Academy of Sciences
A. Zech - Laboratoire Univers et Théories
S.J. Zhu
S. Zouari - Université Paris Cité
N. Zywucka - North-West University
Publication Details: Astronomy & Astrophysics - A&A, Vol.662
Identifiers: 9935383309311
Academic Unit: Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier - LUPM
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article
Local Fields: hal-03583160