Abstract
The consequences of the decrease in number of cultivated grapevine varieties and in the diversity of plant material and clones available in nurseries and used by winegrowers are still the subject of much debate. With the aim of better understanding and defining more precisely the disadvantages or advantages of the different situations in terms of "cultivated biodiversity", we sought to develop different indices adapted to grapevine in order to compare diverse situations in a neutral and objective way. These indicators may consider different spatial levels (world, countries, regions, estates and plots) and may take into account different categories of plant material such as varieties, clones or rootstocks. They could also be applied to quantify the level of biodiversity for some labels or certification programmes as a guarantee for consumers.