Abstract
The proposed article consists of a review of general literature and some specific and original studies on the issue of gender equality at school in France. It proposes a theoretical delimitation of the concepts of gender and sex, in particular through gender roles. Then, after a fairly rapid historical overview, it shows how the co-educational system introduced in 1976 in all French schools does not correspond at all to equal opportunities or equal treatment of girls and boys. Gender prejudices and stereotypes are still very numerous in schools in this country. The article summarizes some facets of these prejudices and stereotypes at different levels of schooling and in most subjects, but also through issues such as the transgression of school rules and punishments.