Enhanced postoperative surveillance versus standard of care to reduce mortality among adult surgical patients in Africa (ASOS-2): a cluster-randomised controlled trial

Bruce M Biccard; Leon du Toit; Maia Lesosky; Tim Stephens; Landon Myer; Agya BA Prempeh; Nicola Vickery; Hyla-Louise Kluyts; Alexandra Torborg; Akinyinka Omigbodun; Adesoji Ademuyiwa; Muhammed Elhadi; Mohamed Elfagieh; Bernard Mbwele; Mpoki Ulisubisya; Lazaro Mboma; Daniel Z Ashebir; Mahlet Tesfaye Bahta; Mohammed Hassen; Mikiyas Teferi; Yakob Seman; Eugene Zoumenou; Adam Hewitt-Smith; Janat Tumukunde; Dolly Munlemvo; Atilio Morais; Apollo Basenero; Pisirai Ndarukwa; Nazinigouba Ouerdraogo; Maman Sani Chaibou; Mohyeddine Zarouf; Ahmed Rhassane El Adib; Veekash Gobin; Zimogo Sanogo; Youssouf Coulibaly; Zipporah Ngumi; Tarig Fadalla; Cynthia Iradukunda; Vénérand Barendegere; Isaac O Smalle; Mustapha Bittaye; Ahmadou Lamin Samateh; Mahmoud Elfiky; Maher Fawzy; Wakisa Mulwafu; Vanessa Msosa; Lygia Lopes; Akwasi Antwi-Kusi; Hamza D Sama; Patrice Forget; Dawid van Straaten; Rupert M Pearse; Marichen Puchert; Lucy Rolt; Kris Schwebler; Freddy Kabambi; Tebogo Mabotja; Leandys Cobas; Albino Freitas; Maria Antunes; Bartolomeu Cabo; Domingos Paulo; Carlos Camongua; Yvette Avognon; Osseni Marcos; Raymond Kintomonho; Onesime Demahou; Gisèle Hounsa; Hugues Chobli; Elie Fassinou; Aurore Zoglobossou; Blaise Tchaou; Charles Tchegnonsi; Fifame Amadji; Francine Bossa; Ernest Ahounou; Djima Alao; Roushdane Odérémi; Afissatou Montairou; Oswald Gbehade; Romaric Tobome; Adam Boukari; Patrick Bakantieba; Arouna Sambo; Fanou Lionelle; Nounagnon Gilbert; Julien Attinon; Roger Klikpezo; Aumar Dadjo; Dénis Fanou; Gilberte Hounkpe; Bachabi Fafana; Néné Nguilu; Bodourin Dossou-Yovo; Chantal Segla; Mohamed Toko; Evelyne Gnele-Dedewanou; Michel Noukounwoui; Ethienne Yado; Timothé Gouroubéra; Valéry Adjignon; Serge Mewanou; Aïcha Tchomgang; Urielle Agossou; Fernand Soton; Charbel Azanlin; Lidwine Zomahoun; Rawéléguinbasba Armel Flavien Kabore; Salam Savadogo; Fatou Fleur Rosine Sanou; Farid Belém; Victoria Hien; Cheik Tidiane Hafid W Bougouma; Sie Ahmed Ouattara; Mariam Bambara Kabore; Ouedraogo Nazinigouba; Papougnezambo Bonkoungou; Martin Lankoandé; Mireille Traoré; Patrick Sawadogo; Inès Wenmenga; Boureima Kinda; André Simporé; Christian Sapo; Salah Idriss Traore; Haoua Dipama; Lydie WR Kaboré; Salifou Napon; Télesphore G Kaboré; Arouna Louré; Pélagie PP Tondé; Christian Zoundi; Harouna Sanou; Remy Ndikumana; Carlos Nsengiyumva; Gregory Sund; Alliance Niyukuri; Axel Kwizera; Jean-Claude Niyondiko; Adolphe Manzanza Kilembe; Jean Pierre Mwema Ilunga; Nehema Hailemariam Sarah; Gabriel Mubobo Makeya; Idesbald Mwebe Mwepu; Ted Botawaosenge Likongo; Richard Kapela Mvwala; Raphael Nzau Kapend Mubunda; Noellie Kanka Mukuna; Julie Djondo Pembe; Nicolas Lumuanga Ndaye; Eric Bibonge Amisi; Mike Ilunga Madika; Joe Kembo Lungela; Didier Ndonda Mayemba; Philomene Mamba Diyoyo; Alex Mbo Ngalala; Martin Mamba Mukenga; Patricia Tito Kabuni; Dany Bolimo Mpoto; Herve Inesnku Mole; Louise Keby; Oria Andavo Buti; Anselme Phaka; Belinda Mayenge; Jean Jeacques Kabuley Kalongo; Timothe Kemfuni Mawisa; Rodrigue Tondo Ngwizani; Kuyala Leya; Dieudonne Kisile Sanduku; Timothe Nkemfuni Mawisa; Coco Nseke Mfumu; Mbuta Bolenge; Desire Kinzenzengu Kabuce; Patrick Kintieti; Amelia Mbuluku; Vicky Mahuwa; Tharcice Khonde Mabiala; Guilain Ngoy; Patrick Boloko; Nono Mazangama Mvwama; Jose Kengbanda; Pitchou Mushimbonga; Blaise Kuhapala; Nzosani Marcel; Kienze Guylain; Gerard Mboma; Sandra Zalambo Sagboze; Michel Muteya Manika; Jean Pierre Mumbere Kigayi; Roger Mukanire Cishugi; Placide Buhendwa Mugisho; Roger Baguma; Moïse Kongolo; Michel Mandungu Mbayabu; Crispin Mukendi Muamba; Edmond Banema Kapinga; Vasco Ngolela Kapinga; Guylain Tshimanga Nsumpi; Patrick Kanda Odia; Salomon Bingidimi; Gilbert Kpengbemale; Desire Hubert Bofunga Bosonga Imposo; Patricia Matondo; Servet Lelo; Jeremie Kalambayi; Mohamed Abdel-Ghaffar; Abdelrahman Soliman; Mostafa Abdelrahman; Sameh Shehata; Alia Rabee; Mohamed Abou Heba; Mohamed Rabei Abdelfattah; Tamer Ahmed Maher Ghoniem; Sherif M.K. Shehata; Mohamed Lotfy; Ahmed ElHaddad; Bereket Gebremeskel; Girmay Fisseha; Mebrahtu Abay; Degena Bahrey; Assefa Hika; Abdurezak Ali; Kindie Moges; Jemal Ahmed; Desalegn Abdisa; Abebe Megersa; Wendwosen Abayne; Haftom Berhane; Reiye Esayas; Fitsum Kifle; Kokeb Desita; Abebe Addise; Dagim Shimelash; Shitalem Tadesse; Bezaye Zemedkun; Peniel Kenna; Ayenew Yirdie; Abinet Sisay; Tebikew Gashu; Fassil Mihretu; Yesuf Ahmed; Bekele Debebe; Abdureuf Misgea; Amare Agmas; Rahel Assefa; Abdurahman Gelmo; Seifu Alemu; Brook Damtachew; Merid Mersha; Yaekob Chemere; Samuel Fekadu; Sintayehu Regasa; Bonsa Sileshi; Desalegn Wosen; Rebira Adamu; Gersam Mulugeta; Teshome Bacha; Zewude Gudisa; Kebebe Bekele; Alelign Tasew; Habtamu Gezahegn; Daniel Atlaw; Damtew Solomon; Habtemariam Gebresillasie; Girmaye Tesfaye; Negussie Sarbecha; Biniyam Sahiledengle; Kenbon Seyoum; Gemechu Ganfure; Yohannes Tekalegn; Gosa Tesfaye; Temesgen Ayichew; Shibiru Sendaba; Musefa Redwan; Eyasu Muse; Girma Nina; Bizuneh Sime; 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Felister Moraa; Aziz Munubi; Moses Kimani; Adili Wobenjo; Linda Nguu; Vincent Omeddo; Rose Malaba; Ambrose Nabwana; Anita Mwancha; Alexandria Mugaa; John Wamwaki; Joyce Chege; Seymour Sinari; Andrew Ndonga; Rose Shitsinzi; Walter Akello; Winfred Kimani; Elisha Kirwa; Seno Saruni; Andrew Wainaina; Ernest Nshom; Aidah Kenseko; Kizito Shisanya; Purity Wanjiru; Julliah Cherotich; Judy Kimutai; Benson Wahome; Grace Wangui; Dennis Wamalwa; Stephen Mwangi; John Chege; Tabitha Wanjiku; Carolyne Njoki; Wachira Waititu; Conrad Ambani; Samuel Murimi; Sharon Waithira; Nilson Mouti; Collins Kibet; John Kibet; Virginia Sokobe; Beatrice Jeymah; Antony Kamadi; Faith Gichuri; Steve Moses; David Wasike; Favours Adeya; Caesar Bitta; Stephen Ogendo; Killian Kariuki; Hdaya BenAbdalla; Taha Suliaman; Fatima Ali Abokhzam; Mohaned Isa; Mohammed Huwaysh; Asma Bourawi; Kais Alzubaidy; Mohammed Albaraesi; Sumayyah Bahroun; Abdulmueti Alhadi; Ahmed Msherghi; Amira Mohamed; Ala Khaled; Nouran Aljadi; Elham Bareig; 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Doreen Mashava; Elton Ndhlovu; Zanele Mangwangwa; Nombulelo Dube

doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00291-6

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Enhanced postoperative surveillance versus standard of care to reduce mortality among adult surgical patients in Africa (ASOS-2): a cluster-randomised controlled trial

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Enhanced postoperative surveillance versus standard of care to reduce mortality among adult surgical patients in Africa (ASOS-2): a cluster-randomised controlled trial

Bruce M Biccard, Leon du Toit, Maia Lesosky, Tim Stephens, Landon Myer, Agya BA Prempeh, Nicola Vickery, Hyla-Louise Kluyts, Alexandra Torborg, Akinyinka Omigbodun, …

The Lancet global health, Vol.9(10), pp.e1391-e1401

01/10/2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00291-6

PMID: 34418380

Résumé

Risk of mortality following surgery in patients across Africa is twice as high as the global average. Most of these deaths occur on hospital wards after the surgery itself. We aimed to assess whether enhanced postoperative surveillance of adult surgical patients at high risk of postoperative morbidity or mortality in Africa could reduce 30-day in-hospital mortality. We did a two-arm, open-label, cluster-randomised trial of hospitals (clusters) across Africa. Hospitals were eligible if they provided surgery with an overnight postoperative admission. Hospitals were randomly assigned through minimisation in recruitment blocks (1:1) to provide patients with either a package of enhanced postoperative surveillance interventions (admitting the patient to higher care ward, increasing the frequency of postoperative nursing observations, assigning the patient to a bed in view of the nursing station, allowing family members to stay in the ward, and placing a postoperative surveillance guide at the bedside) for those at high risk (ie, with African Surgical Outcomes Study Surgical Risk Calculator scores ≥10) and usual care for those at low risk (intervention group), or for all patients to receive usual postoperative care (control group). Health-care providers and participants were not masked, but data assessors were. The primary outcome was 30-day in-hospital mortality of patients at low and high risk, measured at the participant level. All analyses were done as allocated (by cluster) in all patients with available data. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03853824. Between May 3, 2019, and July 27, 2020, 594 eligible hospitals indicated a desire to participate across 33 African countries; 332 (56%) were able to recruit participants and were included in analyses. We allocated 160 hospitals (13 275 patients) to provide enhanced postoperative surveillance and 172 hospitals (15 617 patients) to provide standard care. The mean age of participants was 37·1 years (SD 15·5) and 20 039 (69·4%) of 28 892 patients were women. 30-day in-hospital mortality occurred in 169 (1·3%) of 12 970 patients with mortality data in the intervention group and in 193 (1·3%) of 15 242 patients with mortality data in the control group (relative risk 0·96, 95% CI 0·69–1·33; p=0·79). 45 (0·2%) of 22 031 patients at low risk and 309 (5·6%) of 5500 patients at high risk died. No harms associated with either intervention were reported. This intervention package did not decrease 30-day in-hospital mortality among surgical patients in Africa at high risk of postoperative morbidity or mortality. Further research is needed to develop interventions that prevent death from surgical complications in resource-limited hospitals across Africa. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists. For the Arabic, French and Portuguese translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

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Titre: Enhanced postoperative surveillance versus standard of care to reduce mortality among adult surgical patients in Africa (ASOS-2): a cluster-randomised controlled trial
Créateurs - sans rôle: Bruce M Biccard
Leon du Toit
Maia Lesosky
Tim Stephens
Landon Myer
Agya BA Prempeh
Nicola Vickery
Hyla-Louise Kluyts
Alexandra Torborg
Akinyinka Omigbodun
Adesoji Ademuyiwa
Muhammed Elhadi
Mohamed Elfagieh
Bernard Mbwele
Mpoki Ulisubisya
Lazaro Mboma
Daniel Z Ashebir
Mahlet Tesfaye Bahta
Mohammed Hassen
Mikiyas Teferi
Yakob Seman
Eugene Zoumenou
Adam Hewitt-Smith
Janat Tumukunde
Dolly Munlemvo
Atilio Morais
Apollo Basenero
Pisirai Ndarukwa
Nazinigouba Ouerdraogo
Maman Sani Chaibou
Mohyeddine Zarouf
Ahmed Rhassane El Adib
Veekash Gobin
Zimogo Sanogo
Youssouf Coulibaly
Zipporah Ngumi
Tarig Fadalla
Cynthia Iradukunda
Vénérand Barendegere
Isaac O Smalle
Mustapha Bittaye
Ahmadou Lamin Samateh
Mahmoud Elfiky
Maher Fawzy
Wakisa Mulwafu
Vanessa Msosa
Lygia Lopes
Akwasi Antwi-Kusi
Hamza D Sama
Patrice Forget
Dawid van Straaten
Rupert M Pearse
Marichen Puchert
Lucy Rolt
Kris Schwebler
Freddy Kabambi
Tebogo Mabotja
Leandys Cobas
Albino Freitas
Maria Antunes
Bartolomeu Cabo
Domingos Paulo
Carlos Camongua
Yvette Avognon
Osseni Marcos
Raymond Kintomonho
Onesime Demahou
Gisèle Hounsa
Hugues Chobli
Elie Fassinou
Aurore Zoglobossou
Blaise Tchaou
Charles Tchegnonsi
Fifame Amadji
Francine Bossa
Ernest Ahounou
Djima Alao
Roushdane Odérémi
Afissatou Montairou
Oswald Gbehade
Romaric Tobome
Adam Boukari
Patrick Bakantieba
Arouna Sambo
Fanou Lionelle
Nounagnon Gilbert
Julien Attinon
Roger Klikpezo
Aumar Dadjo
Dénis Fanou
Gilberte Hounkpe
Bachabi Fafana
Néné Nguilu
Bodourin Dossou-Yovo
Chantal Segla
Mohamed Toko
Evelyne Gnele-Dedewanou
Michel Noukounwoui
Ethienne Yado
Timothé Gouroubéra
Valéry Adjignon
Serge Mewanou
Aïcha Tchomgang
Urielle Agossou
Fernand Soton
Charbel Azanlin
Lidwine Zomahoun
Rawéléguinbasba Armel Flavien Kabore
Salam Savadogo
Fatou Fleur Rosine Sanou
Farid Belém
Victoria Hien
Cheik Tidiane Hafid W Bougouma
Sie Ahmed Ouattara
Mariam Bambara Kabore
Ouedraogo Nazinigouba
Papougnezambo Bonkoungou
Martin Lankoandé
Mireille Traoré
Patrick Sawadogo
Inès Wenmenga
Boureima Kinda
André Simporé
Christian Sapo
Salah Idriss Traore
Haoua Dipama
Lydie WR Kaboré
Salifou Napon
Télesphore G Kaboré
Arouna Louré
Pélagie PP Tondé
Christian Zoundi
Harouna Sanou
Remy Ndikumana
Carlos Nsengiyumva
Gregory Sund
Alliance Niyukuri
Axel Kwizera
Jean-Claude Niyondiko
Adolphe Manzanza Kilembe
Jean Pierre Mwema Ilunga
Nehema Hailemariam Sarah
Gabriel Mubobo Makeya
Idesbald Mwebe Mwepu
Ted Botawaosenge Likongo
Richard Kapela Mvwala
Raphael Nzau Kapend Mubunda
Noellie Kanka Mukuna
Julie Djondo Pembe
Nicolas Lumuanga Ndaye
Eric Bibonge Amisi
Mike Ilunga Madika
Joe Kembo Lungela
Didier Ndonda Mayemba
Philomene Mamba Diyoyo
Alex Mbo Ngalala
Martin Mamba Mukenga
Patricia Tito Kabuni
Dany Bolimo Mpoto
Herve Inesnku Mole
Louise Keby
Oria Andavo Buti
Anselme Phaka
Belinda Mayenge
Jean Jeacques Kabuley Kalongo
Timothe Kemfuni Mawisa
Rodrigue Tondo Ngwizani
Kuyala Leya
Dieudonne Kisile Sanduku
Timothe Nkemfuni Mawisa
Coco Nseke Mfumu
Mbuta Bolenge
Desire Kinzenzengu Kabuce
Patrick Kintieti
Amelia Mbuluku
Vicky Mahuwa
Tharcice Khonde Mabiala
Guilain Ngoy
Patrick Boloko
Nono Mazangama Mvwama
Jose Kengbanda
Pitchou Mushimbonga
Blaise Kuhapala
Nzosani Marcel
Kienze Guylain
Gerard Mboma
Sandra Zalambo Sagboze
Michel Muteya Manika
Jean Pierre Mumbere Kigayi
Roger Mukanire Cishugi
Placide Buhendwa Mugisho
Roger Baguma
Moïse Kongolo
Michel Mandungu Mbayabu
Crispin Mukendi Muamba
Edmond Banema Kapinga
Vasco Ngolela Kapinga
Guylain Tshimanga Nsumpi
Patrick Kanda Odia
Salomon Bingidimi
Gilbert Kpengbemale
Desire Hubert Bofunga Bosonga Imposo
Patricia Matondo
Servet Lelo
Jeremie Kalambayi
Mohamed Abdel-Ghaffar
Abdelrahman Soliman
Mostafa Abdelrahman
Sameh Shehata
Alia Rabee
Mohamed Abou Heba
Mohamed Rabei Abdelfattah
Tamer Ahmed Maher Ghoniem
Sherif M.K. Shehata
Mohamed Lotfy
Ahmed ElHaddad
Bereket Gebremeskel
Girmay Fisseha
Mebrahtu Abay
Degena Bahrey
Assefa Hika
Abdurezak Ali
Kindie Moges
Jemal Ahmed
Desalegn Abdisa
Abebe Megersa
Wendwosen Abayne
Haftom Berhane
Reiye Esayas
Fitsum Kifle
Kokeb Desita
Abebe Addise
Dagim Shimelash
Shitalem Tadesse
Bezaye Zemedkun
Peniel Kenna
Ayenew Yirdie
Abinet Sisay
Tebikew Gashu
Fassil Mihretu
Yesuf Ahmed
Bekele Debebe
Abdureuf Misgea
Amare Agmas
Rahel Assefa
Abdurahman Gelmo
Seifu Alemu
Brook Damtachew
Merid Mersha
Yaekob Chemere
Samuel Fekadu
Sintayehu Regasa
Bonsa Sileshi
Desalegn Wosen
Rebira Adamu
Gersam Mulugeta
Teshome Bacha
Zewude Gudisa
Kebebe Bekele
Alelign Tasew
Habtamu Gezahegn
Daniel Atlaw
Damtew Solomon
Habtemariam Gebresillasie
Girmaye Tesfaye
Negussie Sarbecha
Biniyam Sahiledengle
Kenbon Seyoum
Gemechu Ganfure
Yohannes Tekalegn
Gosa Tesfaye
Temesgen Ayichew
Shibiru Sendaba
Musefa Redwan
Eyasu Muse
Girma Nina
Bizuneh Sime
Addisalem Tadege
Anbesse Jima
Nugusu Ayalew
Dagmawi Workneh
Daniel Teferi
Momodou T Nyassi
Landing N Sanyang
Omar Jallow
Abdoulie Keita
Kitabu Jammeh
Charles Roberts
Patrick Idoko
Kebba Marenah
Masirending Njie
Musa Marena
Karamba Suwareh
Simon Boissey
Fatoumatta Jarjusey
Awa Jah
Awa Sanyang
Dado Jabbi
Kajali Camara
Armando Correa
John Jabang
Lamin Jaiteh
Lamin Dampha
Aminata Manneh
Baboucarr Sowe
Abdoulie Bah
Edrisa Jawo
Victoria Okoje
Momodou Baro
Yaya Bah
Mustapha Njie
Sainabou Mbowe
Ebrima Kanteh
Sarjo Ceesay
Alagie Manneh
Evans Atito-Narh
Adwoa Wilson
Romeo Hussey
Emmanuel Okine
Jemima Kwarteng
Ridge Ntiamoah
Samuel Dadzie
Mark Aseti
Naa Sowah
Akosua Appiah
Charles Bankah
Patrick Mburugu
Thomas Chokwe
Patrick Olang
Vernon Gacii
Susane Nabulindo
Antony Gatheru
Timothy Mwiti
Caroline Mwangi
Julius Muriithi
Daniel Ojuka
Omondi Ogutu
Evans Masitara
Mohamed Chaudhry
Reuben Kamundi
Annmarie Kangangi
Thomas Massaquoi
Stephen Takow
Felister Moraa
Aziz Munubi
Moses Kimani
Adili Wobenjo
Linda Nguu
Vincent Omeddo
Rose Malaba
Ambrose Nabwana
Anita Mwancha
Alexandria Mugaa
John Wamwaki
Joyce Chege
Seymour Sinari
Andrew Ndonga
Rose Shitsinzi
Walter Akello
Winfred Kimani
Elisha Kirwa
Seno Saruni
Andrew Wainaina
Ernest Nshom
Aidah Kenseko
Kizito Shisanya
Purity Wanjiru
Julliah Cherotich
Judy Kimutai
Benson Wahome
Grace Wangui
Dennis Wamalwa
Stephen Mwangi
John Chege
Tabitha Wanjiku
Carolyne Njoki
Wachira Waititu
Conrad Ambani
Samuel Murimi
Sharon Waithira
Nilson Mouti
Collins Kibet
John Kibet
Virginia Sokobe
Beatrice Jeymah
Antony Kamadi
Faith Gichuri
Steve Moses
David Wasike
Favours Adeya
Caesar Bitta
Stephen Ogendo
Killian Kariuki
Hdaya BenAbdalla
Taha Suliaman
Fatima Ali Abokhzam
Mohaned Isa
Mohammed Huwaysh
Asma Bourawi
Kais Alzubaidy
Mohammed Albaraesi
Sumayyah Bahroun
Abdulmueti Alhadi
Ahmed Msherghi
Amira Mohamed
Ala Khaled
Nouran Aljadi
Elham Bareig
Khaled Elgazwi
Adel Elgazwi
Ibrahim El-busife
Safa Owhida
Almahdi Eltwati
Samah Elakeili
Taha Abubaker
Fatima Elkhfeefi
Soha Younis Hasan
Amal Alttaira
Imbarkah Elmraied
Rim Wishah
Omar Abugassa
Hazem Ahmed
Amera Ellafi
Shoukrie Shoukrie
Nawal Aldokali
Aws ElGammudi
Akram Alkaseek
Hoda Elhaddad
Ayyah Alqaarh
Ahlam Brish
Malek Abudsnnuga
Salsabil Albuaishi
Mohammed Albashri
Marwa Morgom
Mohammed Alawami
Eman Shawesh
Abdullah Almabrouk
Moaz Alwarfalli
Nagia Abeid
Anis Buzreg
Ans Malek
Ameerah Abayu
Butaina Abdulhafith
Wedad Abouruwes
Marim Albakuri
Sabria Almuammari
Esam Alsaghair
Fatheia Alreshi
Hassan Badi
Rabiee Alfetoey
Naji Zubia
Bushray Almiqlash
Abdulsalam Alshuhoumi
Rayet Al-islam Ben Jouira
Amaal Dier
Essra Gebril
Mohammed Abdelkabir
Sana Moussa
Marwa Alfitori
Mabroukah Azbeda
Hajar Alamin
Ejmeya Barka
Omlsaad Mosbah
Rema Abdasalam
Miftah Hiyoum
Maryam Abd allateef
Ibrahim Altomi
Mahdi Alsakloul
Ekhlas Karami
Munyah Alriqeeq
Mabruka Omar
Ashraf Samer
Aml Aemeesh
Ahmad Bouhuwaish
Ahmed Elusta
Sultan Ahmeed
Wesal AlFighi Hassan
Mouadah Ali Altayr
Mohamed Addalla
Abrar Geddeda
Kheria Khoja
Doaa Alhaj
Muaad Etturki
Ahmed Elhadi
Ibrahim Ellojli
Anshirah Shuwayyah
Ahmed Elfaghih
Malak Alduwayb
Mohamed Aleiyan
Wedad Aboubreeq
Soliman Alkassem
Sami Ashour
Hayat Ben Hasan
Najat Ben Hasan
Ali Yahya
Palesa Chisala
Edward Kommwa
Lusayo Simwinga
Agness Chalira
Precious Kachitsa
Onias Mtalimanja
Drissa Traoré
Moussa Sissoko
Moussa Camara
Adama Koita
Sekou Koumaré
Omar Sacko
Mahamadou Coulibaly
Lamine Soumaré
Soumaïla Keita
Sidiki Keita
Hamadoun Dicko
Boubacar Diallo
Boureima Bengaly
Mohamed Keita
Siaka Diallo
Drissa Ouattara
Nouhoun Ongoiba
Seydina Beye
Honoré Berthe
Mamadou Diakite
Mamadou Sima
Adégné Togo
Bakary Dembele
Djibo Diango
Moussa Samake
Youssouf Traoré
Louis Traoré
Ongoïba Oumar
Sogoba Gaoussou
Issaga Traoré
Sidy Sangaré
Doua Kanté
Lassana Cissé
Thiam Souleymane
Keita Koniba
Sundaresan Maiyalagan
Julien Chong
Adil Mohit
Khushyant Mungar
Shankaran Vinayagam
Kevin Ramlochun
Jamie Sim
Desai Sneha
Vishaal Kissoon
Yan Tseung
Mohamed Aboobakar
Nitish Fokeerah
Ravi Ramsewak
Jayprakash Gopall
Meetheelesh Abeeluck
Varun Seewoo
Divyanand Jankee
Ashveen Puryag
Senthil Beemadoo
Yashraj Deenoo
Abhisek Goureah
Munawwara Makoon
Hemanshu Rambojan
Beeharry Shanjugsingh
Kevin Viraswami
Shehzaad Joomye
Ashwant Bhugwandass
Bibi Deelawar
Vakil Leelodharry
Luckshmanraj Mungur
Sajid Aungraheeta
Sirsingh Bhajoo
Manpreet Rajcoomar
Rishi Seetaram
Subha Gaya
Gini Batra
Yoshvin Sunnassee
Shailendra Petkar
Sbai Hicham
Labib Smail
Ait Laalim Said
Motaai Youssef
Mouhssine Doumiri
Mustapha Alilou
Nora Farnaoui
Mustapha Bensghir
Abdelghafour Elkoundi
Abdelhamid Jaafari
Abderhmann Elwali
Mohammed Meziane
Walid Atmani
Houssam Rebahi
Hajar Chichou
Safae Zarouf
Abderraouf Soummani
Abou Elhassan Taoufik
Meryem Essafti
Aminata Oumou Traoré
Hamzaoui Hamza
Adnane Berdai
El allani Linda
Salhi Oussama
Nelson Mucopo
Machado Banze
Mouzinho Saide
Tomas Sitoi
Artur Machava
Antonio Carlos
Amilton Guidione
Antonio Saide de Carvalho
Natacha Gemo
Samiro Sema Camal
Arsénio Cuna
Ornelos Madeira
Ladino Assuade
Dercio Amde Fernandes
Dulce Alexandre Machavae Fernandes
Mandua Sebastião
Bernard Sikombe
Matti Kandjimi
Ayoub Shekimweri
Diana Shilomboleni
Mbaundju Kandjii
Leonard Kabongo
Cholastic Hangero
Ike Ndjoze
Ruben Nailonga
Immanuel Uukonga
Uutoni Nakanyala
Lavinia Johannes
Adrian Haruzuvi
Chris Terblanche
Natangwe Shimenda
Delwina Katjipu
Hilma Shalimba
Juliah Kaweendwa
Ali Mbuyi
John Oyedele
Mapumba Mulolo
Peter Njuki
Mutombo Ndaie
Akutu Munyika
Hilma Katangolo
David Tjiyokola
Tawanda Mhene
Archbald Masiambiri
Paidamoyo Mandudzo
Sandra Kapepiso
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Jonathan Hall
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Zane Farina
Lucio Frittella
Charles Kohler
Sibuyiselwe Lubelwana
Sarwat Ikram-Hameed
Adriaan Smit
Muneerah Cassiem
Yvonne Freeman
Saaliha Goga
Larissa Cronje
Constantin Buzdugan
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Priyadeshni Singh
Sandhya Jithoo
Vivesh Rughubar
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Rishan Bipath
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Ncumisa Khanyisa Msolo
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Martyn Biccard Greenwood
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Nina Tredoux
Pascal Plumacher
Anthony Reed
Harald Steinhaus
Mariesa Nock
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Gareth Davies
Talitha Harvey
Franklin Muller
Willem Naude
Tania Pretorius
Johan Jochemus Swart
Merryn Walls
Prashant Gokal
Nicolette Rorke
Farzaana Dhoodhat
Precious Dzanibe
Mohammed Yusuf Hussain
Ashmita Junpath
Ameela Maharaj
Hylda Makanisi
Khalid Moosa
Ting Ting Wong
Sean Mould
Trisha Ramsamy
Roel Matos-Puig
Hayley Morgan
Nadeem Nabeebuccas
Ria Devi Naidoo
Viantha Pather
Vasheel Vasheel Bahadur
Renilda Pillay
Zahnne Fullerton
Nicole Bell
Bongisa Grey
Vincent Lorenzo Visentin
Hendrik Adriaan Van Zyl
Terri Anne Killingbeck
Emile Maneveldt
Gerhard Thiart
Magdelena May Venter
Oostewalt Swart
Mariette Grobelaar
Carel Cairns
David Bishop
Christien Steenkamp
Thandekile Khumalo
Noel Naidoo
Ross Murray
Martin Kopieniak
Melusi Sishange
Mxolisi Brian Ndimande
Megan Jaworska
Sarwat Ikram
Bence Rainier
Renier J Liebenberg
Helena D Zwiegers
Philip M Nortje
Kamal Bhagwan
Margot Flint
Robert Dyer
Simone Adams
Yoshua Bwambale
Danny Ngomo
Patrice Kanku
Nivashen Pillay
Alexa de Castro
Atisha Maharaj
Janine Carim
Jenna Leigh Taylor
Karl M Köhne
Leanne W Drummond
Leanne Temlett
Lieze Geldenhuys
Yvonne Seilbea
Kathryn Naidoo
Nicola A Kalafatis
Stefné Verwey
Thulile Biyase
Theroshnie Kisten
Belinda S Kusel
Timothy Craig Hardcastle
Richard Magagula
Christian Kampik
Kuzolunga Xulu
Sivuyisiwe Solala
Mia Sayed
Basil Enicker
Anil Madaree
Innocent Mukama
Gladmore Madombwe
Nonhlanhla Zulu
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Nokuzula Kanjana
Sebenzile Buthelezi
Thembelihle Buthelezi
Andries Brink
Francois Potgieter
Busisiwe Mrara
Zaynab Alexander
Charles Choto
Paula Ima
Zintle Gxagxisa
Baphethuxolo Ningiza
Gillian Lamacraft
Jerome Mogorosi
Nadia du Plessis
Leonie de Man
Suné Thompson
Gerrit van Heerden
Edwin W Turton
Pieter M van der Linde
Josephine K Teme-Pitse
Reitumetse Tladi
Gillian D Saffy
Ene-Mari Roscher
Kristel Fortune
George Barnard
Tiisetso Makhasane
Evan Bowen
Akangcha Pal
Rachel Moore
Maria Fourtounas
Mary Augusta Adam
Renessa Arumugan
Gabriella Hyman
Jaclyn Jonosky
Maninginingi Makondo
Heveshan Moodley
Phillip Munda
Mzwandile Nyalungu
Victor Olusola
Sohan Zane Pinto
Tristan Pillay
Lucinda Singh
Paul Mwindekuma Wondoh
John Devar
Boitumelo Baloyi-Mnisi
Zach Koto
Matlou Ernest Mabitsela
Sibongile Ruth Ndlovu
Branny Mthelebofu
Colin Beck
Matthew Dold
Alice Fan
Shannon MacQueen
Thembani Matabata
Catherine Mpehle
Charné Kulenkampf
Tsakani McCreath Mhlari
Simangele Cecilia Nyoka-Mokgalong
Felix Thumba Masinge
Randhir Ramnath Gunpath
Maropeng Petrus Pat Mothwa
Jo-Anne Asenath Mothwa
Danai Mhlanga
Jamie-Lyn Colly
Aunel Mallier Peter
Khalid Ben Hameda
Pulane Mokae
Stella Josephine Moumakoe
Kelechi Ekeh
Nezingu Lengo
Marnus Booyens
Inge Louise Seale
Pieter Daniel Theron
Nicolaas Abraham Schuman
Amber Carlyn Sonn
Jacobus Lukas Stander
Nadia Cloete
Marius Cloete
Catherine Ann Makepeace
Ronel van der Westhuizen
Leanne Robyn Messiahs
Amy Ruth Visagie
Fatima Vawda
Frans Christiaan Voster
Deepika Dhilraj
Oliver Smith
Stefan Bolon
Daniel Montwedi
Motsilisi Mbeki
Jayde Wyngaard
Mthunzi Ngcelwane
Thomas Kleyenstuber
Phyllis Phukubye
Liesel Schärf
Grace Laker
Elizabeth Semenya
Reinhard Dembskey
Thomas Tarlton
Tapiwa Jiri
Ngoie Hubert Mushid
Nhlanhla Samuel Ngwenya
Hazel Morongoa Mogodi
Carmen Sinevici
Anthony Osarogie Usenbo
Naledi Fodo
Anesu Chimini
Ntetelelo Sikobi
Sinovuyo Nokwange
Mluleki Noqhamza
Qumba Thembisa
Kajake Anantha Padmanabha Bhat
Rabin Mathew
Katrin Middleton
Abdus-sami Adewunmi
Craig Dickson
Humairah Bulbulia
Bianka Bester
Michelle de Klerk
Christia Benade
Francois Viljoen
Monique Fischer
Khalid Alfaki
Abdalmalik Awad
Abdelsalam Algray
Mohammed Elsiddig
Suha Mohamed
Salih Mahmoud
Muhammed Osman
Asia Elgailany
Mazin Suliman
Hanaa Mohammed
Lina Aljeally
Mohammed Dirar
Mohammed Osman
Mazin Mohamed
Mohamed Elhasan
Abrar Widatalla
Abubakr Abubakr
Eman Mohamed
Alshareef Nour
Ntonto Doris Gama
Dolorosa Khetsiwe Shabangu
Cynthia Iradikunda
Samuel Mkoko
Paul Kisanga
Emmanuel Lema
Benson Lyimo
Mohamed Binde
Alphonce Chandika
Salim Salim
Sylvia Jumbe
Abel Makubi
Vihar Kotecha
Felician Kachinde
Museleta Nyakiroto
Emmanuel Jitambi
Venant Geofrey
Johaphes Josiah
Phinius Makubi
Frank Manumbu
Suzan Mlingwa
Ernest Ibenzi
Peter Mbelle
Kato Peleus
Enid Chiwanga
Nillah Richard
Shoo Leonard
Paulo Sanka
Subira Mushi
Bashir Nyangasa
Mohamed Janabi
Naizihijwa Majani
Pedro Palangyo
Evarist Nyawawa
William Ramadhan
Faraj Lydenge
Gileard Gabriel Masenga
Sakina Rashid
Mubashir Jusabani
Ansbert Ndebea
Jenitha Cheru
Margaret Henjewele
Greyson Kilimanjaro
Sarah Sikimata
Deocles Donatus
Hazina Maduhu
Tumaini Mariro
Given Massasi
Moshi Moshi Shabani
Braison Cholela
Marco Mgeleka
Yohatinus Mbilinyi
Faraja Chiwanga
Bilton Exavery
Caspar Haule
Samson Ndile
Sirili Harya
Julieth Magandi
Deogratius Manyama
Redempta Matindi
Adam Moshi
Daudi Kitwana
Merida Makia
Philip Muhochi
Miriam Herman
Clauda Miombo
Furaha Kahindo
Langtone Kishebuka
Elijah Ussiri
Gloria Kinasa
Patrick Adel
Eric Malaba
Vensesla Sakwari
Sadot Lugereka
Mohamed Mungia
George Mocha
Herman Wella
Cecilia Protas
Patrick Karua
Ahmada Kashagama
Faraja Mwasambugu
Suzana Kajeri
Jacquiline Mchilla
Elibariki Lucumay
Robert Maise
Amon Marti
Beatrice Mahundi
Frederika Jager
Charles Majani
Ludovick Rukeha
Tareeq Mohamed
Nabila Fuad
Winifrida Halinga
Elias Chrisant
Gilbert Msoma
Titus Kihwili
Gadiel Temu
Naima Yusuf
Rashid Saleh
Rashid Inoja
Eva Shang'a
Stella Ibrahim
Hussein Msuma
Edwin Edward
Paul Kilamile
Stephen Mwakyolile
Talkana Adja
Edem Gueouguede
Hafoudhoi Oussene Seddoh
Saliou Adam
Pilakimwe Egbohou
Mawunyo Ahomagnon
Olivier Kadjossou
Abdul-Bassiti Boukari
Mary T Nabukenya
Ruth Muhindo
Peter Waswa
Peter Kaahwa Agaba
Daphne Kabatoro
Joseph Kayong
Margaret Naggujja
Nabasiige Rehema
Phiona Nansubuga
Daniel Kavuma
Aggrey Lubikire
Hope Bisilikirwa
Godfrey Ssebaggala
Emmanuel Muwema
Humble Joan Agaba
John Kiconco
Nicholas Wataaka
Bonet Chan
Mary Juliet Nampawu
Fred Bulamba
Emmanuel Bua
Christine Mugala
Caroline Nyakato
John Paul Ochieng
Linda Kyomuhendo Jovia
George Kateregga
Rachel Alum
Lazia Najjuma
Gorret Nampiina
Andrew Kintu
Joshua Sempiira
Luzige Simon
Peter Kayima
Jacob Eyul
Erick Odwar
Rita Nkwine
Christine Namata
Elizabeth Nabakka
Denis Kakaire
Velda Mushangwe-Mtisi
Erisha Munhamo
Celestino Dhege
Juliet Hungwa
Hemish Jasi
Crispin Ntoto
Derek Matsika
Brightson Mutseyekwa
Joseph Zimbovoora
Beaulah Gudyanga
Dennis Mazingi
Chenesa Mbanje
Busisiwe Mlambo
Michael Chiwanga
Harunavamwe N Chifamba
Sarudzai Zhou
The ASOS-2 Investigators
Esta Hove
Shamiso Dende
Beauty Manjengwa
Penias Kapisa
Mashava
Caritas Chiura
Locadia Katsukunya
Godfrey Muguti
Doreen Mashava
Elton Ndhlovu
Zanele Mangwangwa
Nombulelo Dube
Détails de publication: The Lancet global health, Vol.9(10), pp.e1391-e1401
Éditeur: Elsevier Ltd
Identifiants: 99155038109311
Unité académique: Initial MAnagement & prevent of acute orGan failures IN critically ill patiEnts - IMAGINE
Langue: English
Type de ressource: Journal article