Efficient generation of energetic ions in multi-ion plasmas by radio-frequency heating

O. Kazakov; J. Ongena; E. Lerche; M. Mantsinen; D. Van eester; V. Kiptily; Y. Li; M. Nocente; F. Nabais; M. Nave; R. Bilato; Ph. Jacquet; T. Johnson; M. Lennholm; T. Loarer; S. Sharapov; D. Valcarcel; M. van Schoor; H. Weisen; S. Marmar; S. Baek; H. Barnard; P. Bonoli; D. Brunner; J. Candy; J. Canik; M. Churchill; I. Cziegler; G. Dekow; L. Delgado-Aparicio; A. Diallo; E. Edlund; P. Ennever; I. Faust; C. Fiore; Chi Gao; T. Golfinopoulos; M. Green; S. Hartwig; C. Holland; E. Hubbard; W. Hughes; I. Hutchinson; J. Irby; B. Labombard; Yijun Jun; B. Lipschultz; A. Loarte; R. Mumgaard; R. Park; M. Porkolab; M. Reinke; E. Rice; S. Scott; S. Shiraiwa; P. Snyder; B. Sorbom; D. Terry; J. Terry; C. Theiler; R. Vieira; R. Walk; M. Wallace; A. White; D. Whyte; S. Wolfe; M. Wright; J. Wright; S. Wukitch; P. Xu; S. Abduallev; M. Abhangi; P. Abreu; M. Afzal; M. Aggarwal; T. Ahlgren; J. Ahn; L. Aho-Mantila; N. Aiba; M. Airila; R. Albanese; V. Aldred; D. Alegre; E. Alessi; P. Aleynikov; A. Alfier; A. Alkseev; M. Allinson; B. Alper; E. Alves; G. Ambrosino; R. Ambrosino; L. Amicucci; V. Amosov; E. Sundén; M. Angelone; M. Anghel; C. Angioni; L. Appel; C. Appelbee; P. Arena; M. Ariola; H. Arnichand; S. Arshad; A. Ash; N. Ashikawa; V. Aslanyan; O. Asunta; F. Auriemma; Y. Austin; L. Avotina; M. Axton; C. Ayres; M. Bacharis; A. Baciero; D. Baião; S. Bailey; A. Baker; I. Balboa; M. Balden; N. Balshaw; R. Bament; W. Banks; Y. Baranov; M. Barnard; D. Barnes; M. Barnes; R. Barnsley; A. Wiechec; L. Orte; M. Baruzzo; V. Basiuk; M. Bassan; R. Bastow; A. Batista; P. Batistoni; R. Baughan; B. Bauvir; L. Baylor; B. Bazylev; J. Béal; S. Beaumont; M. Beckers; B. Beckett; A. Bécoulet; N. Bekris; M. Beldishevski; K. Bell; F. Belli; M. Bellinger; E. Belonohy; N. Ayed; A. Benterman; H. Bergsåker; J. Bernardo; M. Bernert; M. Berry; L. Bertalot; C. Besliu; M. Beurskens; B. Bieg; J. Bielecki; T. Biewer; M. Bigi; P. Bílková; F. Binda; A. Bisoffi; S. Bizarro; C. Björkas; J. Blackburn; K. Blackman; R. Blackman; P. Blanchard; P. Blatchford; V. Bobkov; A. Boboc; G. Bodnár; O. Bogar; I. Bolshakova; T. Bolzonella; N. Bonanomi; F. Bonelli; J. Boom; J. Booth; D. Borba; D. Borodin; I. Borodkina; A. Botrugno; C. Bottereau; P. Boulting; C. Bourdelle; M. Bowden; C. Bower; C. Bowman; T. Boyce; C. Boyd; J. Boyer; M. Bradshaw; V. Braic; R. Bravanec; B. Breizman; S. Bremond; D. Brennan; S. Breton; A. Brett; S. Brezinsek; M. Bright; M. Brix; W. Broeckx; M. Brombin; A. Brosławski; D. Brown; M. Brown; E. Bruno; J. Bucalossi; J. Buch; J. Buchanan; M. Buckley; R. Budny; H. Bufferand; M. Bulman; N. Bulmer; P. Bunting; P. Buratti; A. Burckhart; A. Buscarino; A. Busse; K. Butler; I. Bykov; J. Byrne; P. Cahyna; G. Calabrò; I. Calvo; Y. Camenen; P. Camp; D. Campling; J. Cane; B. Cannas; A. Capel; J. Card; A. Cardinali; P. Carman; M. Carr; D. Carralero; L. Carraro; B. Carvalho; I. Carvalho; P. Carvalho; F. J. Casson; C. Castaldo; N. Catarino; J. Caumont; F. Causa; R. Cavazzana; K. Cave-Ayland; M. Cavinato; M. Cecconello; S. Ceccuzzi; E. Cecil; A. Cenedese; R. Cesario; D. Challis; M. Chandler; D. Chandra; S. Chang; A. Chankin; I. Chapman; S. Chapman; M. Chernyshova; G. Chitarin; G. Ciraolo; D. Ciric; J. Citrin; F. Clairet; E. Clark; M. Clark; R. Clarkson; D. Clatworthy; C. Clements; M. Cleverly; J. Coad; A. Coates; A. Cobalt; V. Coccorese; V. Cocilovo; S. Coda; R. Coelho; W. Coenen; I. Coffey; L. Colas; S. Collins; D. Conka; S. Conroy; N. Conway; D. Coombs; D. Cooper; S. Cooper; C. Corradino; Y. Corre; G. Corrigan; S. Cortes; D. Coster; S. Couchman; M. Cox; T. Craciunescu; S. Cramp; R. Craven; F. Crisanti; G. Croci; D. Croft; K. Crombé; R. Crowe; N. Cruz; G. Cseh; A. Cufar; A. Cullen; M. Curuia; A. Czarnecka; H. Dabirikhah; P. Dalgliesh; S. Dalley; J. Dankowski; D. Darrow; O. Davies; W. Davis; C. Day; I. Day; M. de Bock; A. de Castro; E. de La Cal; E. Luna; G. Masi; J. de Pablos; G. de Temmerman; G. de Tommasi; P. de Vries; K. Deakin; J. Deane; F. Agostini; R. Dejarnac; E. Delabie; N. den Harder; R. O Dendy; J. Denis; P. Denner; S. Devaux; P. Devynck; F. Maio; A. Siena; C. Troia; P. Dinca; R. D’inca; B. Ding; T. Dittmar; H. Doerk; R. Doerner; T. Donné; S. Dorling; S. Dormido-Canto; S. Doswon; D. Douai; T. Doyle; A. Drenik; P. Drewelow; P. Drews; Ph. Duckworth; R. J Dumont; P. Dumortier; D. Dunai; M. Dunne; I. Ďuran; F. Durodié; P. Dutta; B. Duval; R. Dux; K. Dylst; N. Dzysiuk; V. Edappala; J. Edmond; M. Edwards; J. Edwards; Th. Eich; A. Ekedahl; R. El-Jorf; C. Elsmore; M. Enachescu; G. Ericsson; F. Eriksson; J. Eriksson; L. Eriksson; B. Esposito; S. Esquembri; G. Esser; D. Estève; B. Evans; E. Evans; G. Evison; D. Ewart; D. Fagan; M. Faitsch; D. Falie; A. Fanni; A. Fasoli; M. Faustin; N. Fawlk; L. Fazendeiro; N. Fedorczak; R. Felton; K. Fenton; A. Fernades; H. Fernandes; J. Ferreira; A. Fessey; O. Février; O. Ficker; A. Field; S. Fietz; A. Figueiredo; J. Figueiredo; Alexandre Fil; P. Finburg; M. Firdaouss; U. Fischer; L. Fittill; M. Fitzgerald; D. Flammini; J. Flanagan; C. Fleming; K. Flinders; N. Fonnesu; M. Fontdecaba; A. Formisano; L. Forsythe; L. Fortuna; E. Fortuna-Zalesna; M. Fortune; S. Foster; T. Franke; T. Franklin; M. Frasca; L. Frassinetti; M. Freisinger; R. Fresa; D. Frigione; V. Fuchs; D. Fuller; S. Futatani; J. Fyvie; K. Gál; D. Galassi; K. Gałązka; J. Galdon-Quiroga; J. Gallagher; D. Gallart; R. Galvão; X. Gao; Y. Gao; J. Garcia; A. Garcia-Carrasco; M. García-Muñoz; J. Gardarein; L. Garzotti; P. Gaudio; E. Gauthier; F. Gear; S. Gee; B. Geiger; M. Gelfusa; S. Gerasimov; G. Gervasini; M. Gethins; Z. Ghani; M. Ghate; M. Gherendi; J. C. Giacalone; L. Giacomelli; S. Gibson; T. Giegerich; C. Gil; L. Gil; S. Gilligan; D. Gin; E. Giovannozzi; J. Girardo; C. Giroud; G. Giruzzi; S. Glöggler; J. Godwin; J. Goff; P. Gohil; V. Goloborod’ko; R. Gomes; B. Gonçalves; M. Goniche; M. Goodliffe; A. Goodyear; G. Gorini; M. Gosk; R. Goulding; A. Goussarov; R. Gowland; B. Graham; E. Graham; J. Graves; N. Grazier; P. Grazier; R. Green; H. Greuner; B. Grierson; S. Griph; C. Grisolia; D. Grist; M. Groth; R. Grove; C. Grundy; J. Grzonka; D. Guard; C. Guérard; C. Guillemaut; R. Guirlet; C. Gurl; H. Utoh; J. Hackett; S. Hacquin; A. Hagar; R. Hager; A. Hakola; M. Halitovs; S. Hall; S. Cook; C. Hamlyn-Harris; K. Hammond; C. Harrington; J. Harrison; D. Harting; F. Hasenbeck; Y. Hatano; R. Hatch; V. Haupt; J. Hawes; C. Hawkes; J. Hawkins; P. Hawkins; W. Haydon; N. Hayter; S. Hazel; J. Heesterman; K. Heinola; C. Hellesen; T. Hellsten; W. Helou; N. Hemming; C. Hender; M. Henderson; S. Henderson; R. Henriques; D. Hepple; G. Hermon; P. Hertout

doi:10.1038/NPHYS4167

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Efficient generation of energetic ions in multi-ion plasmas by radio-frequency heating

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Efficient generation of energetic ions in multi-ion plasmas by radio-frequency heating

O. Kazakov, J. Ongena, E. Lerche, M. Mantsinen, D. Van eester, V. Kiptily, Y. Li, M. Nocente, F. Nabais, M. Nave, …

Nature Physics, Vol.13(10)

2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/NPHYS4167

Abstract

We describe a new technique for the efficient generation of high-energy ions with electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves in multi-ion plasmas. The discussed ‘three-ion’ scenarios are especially suited for strong wave absorption by a very low number of resonant ions. To observe this effect, the plasma composition has to be properly adjusted, as prescribed by theory. We demonstrate the potential of the method on the world-largest plasma magnetic confinement device, JET (Joint European Torus, Culham, UK), and the high-magnetic-field tokamak Alcator C-Mod (Cambridge, USA). The obtained results demonstrate efficient acceleration of $^3$He ions to high energies in dedicated hydrogen–deuterium mixtures. Simultaneously, effective plasma heating is observed, as a result of the slowing-down of the fast $^3$He ions. The developed technique is not only limited to laboratory plasmas, but can also be applied to explain observations of energetic ions in space-plasma environments, in particular, $^3$He-rich solar flares.

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Title: Efficient generation of energetic ions in multi-ion plasmas by radio-frequency heating
Creators - without role: O. Kazakov - Plasma
J. Ongena - Plasma
E. Lerche - Plasma
M. Mantsinen - Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
D. Van eester - Plasma
V. Kiptily - Culham Centre for Fusion Energy
Y. Li
M. Nocente - University of Milano-Bicocca
F. Nabais - Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores Investigação e Desenvolvimento
M. Nave
R. Bilato - Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics
Ph. Jacquet - Culham Centre for Fusion Energy
T. Johnson - KTH Royal Institute of Technology
M. Lennholm - European Commission
T. Loarer - CEA Cadarache
S. Sharapov - Culham Centre for Fusion Energy
D. Valcarcel - Culham Centre for Fusion Energy
M. van Schoor
H. Weisen - École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
S. Marmar
S. Baek
H. Barnard
P. Bonoli
D. Brunner - Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science [Zürich]
J. Candy
J. Canik
M. Churchill
I. Cziegler
G. Dekow
L. Delgado-Aparicio - Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
A. Diallo - Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille
E. Edlund
P. Ennever
I. Faust
C. Fiore
Chi Gao
T. Golfinopoulos - Plasma Technology
M. Green
S. Hartwig - Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie
C. Holland
E. Hubbard
W. Hughes
I. Hutchinson
J. Irby
B. Labombard
Yijun Jun
B. Lipschultz - Plasma
A. Loarte - ITER organization
R. Mumgaard
R. Park - School of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Seoul]
M. Porkolab - Massachusetts Institute of Technology
M. Reinke
E. Rice
S. Scott
S. Shiraiwa - Graduate School of Frontier Sciences
P. Snyder
B. Sorbom
D. Terry
J. Terry
C. Theiler
R. Vieira
R. Walk
M. Wallace
A. White
D. Whyte
S. Wolfe
M. Wright - School of Medicine
J. Wright - Plasma Technology
S. Wukitch - Plasma Technology
P. Xu
S. Abduallev
M. Abhangi
P. Abreu
M. Afzal
M. Aggarwal
T. Ahlgren
J. Ahn
L. Aho-Mantila - VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
N. Aiba
M. Airila - Tekes
R. Albanese - Create
V. Aldred
D. Alegre
E. Alessi
P. Aleynikov
A. Alfier
A. Alkseev
M. Allinson
B. Alper - EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association
E. Alves - Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear [Lisboa]
G. Ambrosino - Create
R. Ambrosino
L. Amicucci
V. Amosov
E. Sundén
M. Angelone
M. Anghel
C. Angioni - Max
L. Appel
C. Appelbee
P. Arena - Create
M. Ariola - Create
H. Arnichand
S. Arshad
A. Ash
N. Ashikawa - National Institute for Fusion Science
V. Aslanyan - Massachusetts Institute of Technology
O. Asunta
F. Auriemma
Y. Austin
L. Avotina
M. Axton
C. Ayres
M. Bacharis
A. Baciero
D. Baião
S. Bailey - Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies
A. Baker - Culham Science Centre
I. Balboa - EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association
M. Balden
N. Balshaw
R. Bament
W. Banks
Y. Baranov - Culham Centre for Fusion Energy
M. Barnard
D. Barnes - Department of Pharmacology, Division of Neuroscience
M. Barnes
R. Barnsley - ITER organization
A. Wiechec
L. Orte
M. Baruzzo - Consorzio RFX, Associazione Euratom/ENEA sulla Fusione
V. Basiuk - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
M. Bassan
R. Bastow
A. Batista
P. Batistoni
R. Baughan
B. Bauvir
L. Baylor
B. Bazylev - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
J. Béal
S. Beaumont - Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles
M. Beckers
B. Beckett - ITER organization
A. Bécoulet - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
N. Bekris
M. Beldishevski
K. Bell
F. Belli
M. Bellinger
E. Belonohy - European Fusion Development Agreement [Garching bei München]
N. Ayed - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie [Tunis]
A. Benterman
H. Bergsåker
J. Bernardo
M. Bernert
M. Berry
L. Bertalot - ITER organization
C. Besliu
M. Beurskens - EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association
B. Bieg
J. Bielecki - Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences
T. Biewer
M. Bigi
P. Bílková
F. Binda
A. Bisoffi
S. Bizarro
C. Björkas
J. Blackburn
K. Blackman - Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Énergétique et Environnement Atmosphérique
R. Blackman
P. Blanchard - Chimie, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Matériaux d'Angers
P. Blatchford
V. Bobkov - Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics
A. Boboc - Euratom/UKAEA Fusion Assoc.
G. Bodnár
O. Bogar
I. Bolshakova - Magnetic Sensor laboratory [Lviv]
T. Bolzonella
N. Bonanomi
F. Bonelli
J. Boom - Max
J. Booth
D. Borba
D. Borodin
I. Borodkina - The National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute) [Moscow, Russia]
A. Botrugno
C. Bottereau - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
P. Boulting
C. Bourdelle - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
M. Bowden
C. Bower
C. Bowman
T. Boyce
C. Boyd
J. Boyer
M. Bradshaw
V. Braic
R. Bravanec
B. Breizman
S. Bremond
D. Brennan
S. Breton
A. Brett
S. Brezinsek - Plasma
M. Bright
M. Brix - EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association
W. Broeckx
M. Brombin
A. Brosławski
D. Brown
M. Brown - Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies
E. Bruno
J. Bucalossi - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
J. Buch
J. Buchanan
M. Buckley - inconnu temporaire UPEMLV
R. Budny
H. Bufferand - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
M. Bulman
N. Bulmer
P. Bunting
P. Buratti
A. Burckhart
A. Buscarino
A. Busse
K. Butler
I. Bykov - Material
J. Byrne - Lille - Economie et Management
P. Cahyna - Institute of Plasma Physics [Praha]
G. Calabrò - Plasma
I. Calvo
Y. Camenen - Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires
P. Camp
D. Campling
J. Cane
B. Cannas
A. Capel
J. Card
A. Cardinali
P. Carman
M. Carr - Department of Breast Surgery
D. Carralero
L. Carraro - Département Méthodes et Modèles Mathématiques pour l'Industrie
B. Carvalho
I. Carvalho
P. Carvalho
F. J. Casson - Culham Centre for Fusion Energy
C. Castaldo
N. Catarino
J. Caumont
F. Causa
R. Cavazzana
K. Cave-Ayland
M. Cavinato
M. Cecconello
S. Ceccuzzi
E. Cecil
A. Cenedese - Department of Hydraulics
R. Cesario
D. Challis
M. Chandler - Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Génétique Moléculaires
D. Chandra
S. Chang
A. Chankin
I. Chapman
S. Chapman
M. Chernyshova - Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion
G. Chitarin
G. Ciraolo - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
D. Ciric
J. Citrin - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research
F. Clairet - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
E. Clark
M. Clark
R. Clarkson
D. Clatworthy
C. Clements
M. Cleverly
J. Coad
A. Coates - Mullard Space Science Laboratory
A. Cobalt
V. Coccorese
V. Cocilovo
S. Coda
R. Coelho
W. Coenen
I. Coffey - Astrophysics Research Centre [Belfast]
L. Colas - Département de Recherche sur la Fusion Contrôlée
S. Collins - Institut fur Theoretische Physik, D-93040, Universitat Regensburg - Germany
D. Conka
S. Conroy
N. Conway
D. Coombs
D. Cooper - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
S. Cooper
C. Corradino
Y. Corre - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
G. Corrigan - EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association
S. Cortes
D. Coster - Max
S. Couchman
M. Cox - Australian Antarctic Division
T. Craciunescu - National Institute for Laser Plasma and Radiation Physics
S. Cramp
R. Craven
F. Crisanti - Associazone EURATOM ENEA sulla Fusione
G. Croci
D. Croft
K. Crombé - Ghent University
R. Crowe
N. Cruz
G. Cseh
A. Cufar
A. Cullen
M. Curuia
A. Czarnecka - Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion
H. Dabirikhah
P. Dalgliesh
S. Dalley
J. Dankowski
D. Darrow
O. Davies
W. Davis
C. Day
I. Day
M. de Bock
A. de Castro
E. de La Cal
E. Luna - Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik
G. Masi
J. de Pablos
G. de Temmerman - Institut für Physik
G. de Tommasi - University of Naples Federico II
P. de Vries - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research
K. Deakin
J. Deane
F. Agostini - Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille - FRE 3723
R. Dejarnac - Institute of Plasma Physics, Association Euratom/IPP.CR
E. Delabie - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research
N. den Harder - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research
R. O Dendy - UKAEA Fusion
J. Denis - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
P. Denner
S. Devaux - Optimisation Métabolique et Cellulaire
P. Devynck - CEA Cadarache
F. Maio
A. Siena - Fondazione Bruno Kessler
C. Troia
P. Dinca - NIPNE -Bucharest-Magurele
R. D’inca - Max
B. Ding
T. Dittmar - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
H. Doerk
R. Doerner
T. Donné
S. Dorling
S. Dormido-Canto
S. Doswon
D. Douai
T. Doyle
A. Drenik
P. Drewelow - Max
P. Drews
Ph. Duckworth
R. J Dumont - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
P. Dumortier
D. Dunai
M. Dunne - Max
I. Ďuran
F. Durodié
P. Dutta
B. Duval
R. Dux
K. Dylst
N. Dzysiuk
V. Edappala
J. Edmond
M. Edwards
J. Edwards
Th. Eich
A. Ekedahl - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
R. El-Jorf
C. Elsmore
M. Enachescu
G. Ericsson
F. Eriksson
J. Eriksson - Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala]
L. Eriksson
B. Esposito
S. Esquembri
G. Esser
D. Estève - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
B. Evans
E. Evans
G. Evison
D. Ewart
D. Fagan
M. Faitsch
D. Falie
A. Fanni
A. Fasoli
M. Faustin
N. Fawlk
L. Fazendeiro
N. Fedorczak - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
R. Felton - Culham Centre for Fusion Energy
K. Fenton
A. Fernades
H. Fernandes
J. Ferreira
A. Fessey
O. Février
O. Ficker
A. Field
S. Fietz
A. Figueiredo
J. Figueiredo - University of Évora
Alexandre Fil
P. Finburg
M. Firdaouss - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
U. Fischer
L. Fittill
M. Fitzgerald - Culham Centre for Fusion Energy
D. Flammini
J. Flanagan - EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association
C. Fleming
K. Flinders
N. Fonnesu
M. Fontdecaba
A. Formisano
L. Forsythe
L. Fortuna - Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e dei Sistemi
E. Fortuna-Zalesna
M. Fortune - Université de Montpellier, MARine Biodiversity, Exploitation & Conservation - MARBEC
S. Foster
T. Franke
T. Franklin
M. Frasca
L. Frassinetti - Department of Physics [Stockholm]
M. Freisinger
R. Fresa
D. Frigione
V. Fuchs
D. Fuller
S. Futatani
J. Fyvie
K. Gál
D. Galassi - Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres
K. Gałązka
J. Galdon-Quiroga
J. Gallagher - Dept. of Astronomy
D. Gallart - Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
R. Galvão
X. Gao
Y. Gao - Tsinghua University
J. Garcia - Centre Technique des Industries Mécaniques
A. Garcia-Carrasco
M. García-Muñoz
J. Gardarein - Institut Universitaire des Systèmes Thermiques Industriels
L. Garzotti - EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association
P. Gaudio
E. Gauthier - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
F. Gear
S. Gee
B. Geiger - Sygen International Plc
M. Gelfusa
S. Gerasimov - EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association
G. Gervasini
M. Gethins
Z. Ghani
M. Ghate
M. Gherendi
J. C. Giacalone - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
L. Giacomelli - Institute of Plasma Physics
S. Gibson
T. Giegerich
C. Gil - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
L. Gil
S. Gilligan
D. Gin - A.F. Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute
E. Giovannozzi
J. Girardo
C. Giroud - EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association
G. Giruzzi - Association EURATOM-CEA
S. Glöggler
J. Godwin
J. Goff - Australian Tsunami Research Centre
P. Gohil
V. Goloborod’ko
R. Gomes
B. Gonçalves
M. Goniche - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
M. Goodliffe
A. Goodyear - EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association
G. Gorini
M. Gosk
R. Goulding
A. Goussarov
R. Gowland
B. Graham
E. Graham
J. Graves
N. Grazier
P. Grazier
R. Green
H. Greuner
B. Grierson
S. Griph
C. Grisolia
D. Grist
M. Groth - Tekes
R. Grove
C. Grundy
J. Grzonka
D. Guard
C. Guérard
C. Guillemaut - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
R. Guirlet - Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet
C. Gurl
H. Utoh
J. Hackett
S. Hacquin - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
A. Hagar
R. Hager
A. Hakola
M. Halitovs
S. Hall - Université de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - ICGM
S. Cook
C. Hamlyn-Harris
K. Hammond
C. Harrington
J. Harrison
D. Harting - EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association
F. Hasenbeck
Y. Hatano - Advanced Science Research Center
R. Hatch
V. Haupt
J. Hawes
C. Hawkes
J. Hawkins
P. Hawkins
W. Haydon
N. Hayter
S. Hazel
J. Heesterman
K. Heinola
C. Hellesen - Uppsala University
T. Hellsten
W. Helou - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
N. Hemming
C. Hender
M. Henderson
S. Henderson
R. Henriques
D. Hepple
G. Hermon
P. Hertout - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
Publication Details: Nature Physics, Vol.13(10)
Identifiers: 9933890509311
Academic Unit: Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - ICGM; MARine Biodiversity, Exploitation & Conservation - MARBEC
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article
Local Fields: cea-01898634