Résumé
The industrial chemicals chlorotrifluorethylene and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-difluoroethylene (CTFE and DCDFE, respectively), are known to be toxic to the liver and/or the kidney. Exposure to 200 ppm CTFE or 100 ppm DCDFE for four hours was nephrotoxic to rats, and caused similar increases in the activities of several enzymes in urine collected for 24 hours after exposure. Urinary excretion of glucose, protein, serum urea, creatinine, and beta sub(2)-microglobulin were also increased. Histopathological examination of the kidney 24 hours after exposure showed tubular lesions and necrosis. Pretreatment with beta naphthoflavone protected animals from some nephrotoxic effects of the compounds. Pretreatment with phenobarbital offered some protection against the adverse effects of CFTE, but did not protect against adverse effects of DCDFE. Metabolism of both compounds probably relies in part on cytochrome P450 1A1. Phenobarbital probably induces one or more cytochromes that are involved in its interaction with CTFE. These are probably pathways for detoxification of the compounds.