Résumé
New avenues for the development of advanced immunotherapies: capitalizing on studies of the B and T cell receptor repertoire Immunotherapy has transformed the landscape of cancer treatment and other medical fields by utilising the power of the immune system through immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapies, and monoclonal antibodies. Despite significant progress, many promising therapeutic and diagnostic targets remain underexplored in clinical practice. Recent innovations, based on studies of the B and T cell receptor repertoires-particularly using NSG-based technologies-have opened the way for next-generation immunotherapies-including CAR therapies, engineered antibodies, and bispecific antibodies-broadening treatment options for cancer, autoimmune diseases, and infectious disorders. This Research Topic introduces the collection of articles published in Frontiers in Immunology: Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy Research Topic, dedicated to exploring these advanced approaches, with a focus on the translational potential of immune receptor repertoire analysis and antibody development to shape the future of precision immunotherapy.
In particular, the review by Haus-Cohen and Reiter emphasises that conventional immunotherapies targeting surface antigens only address a small part of the cancer proteome, thereby limiting their therapeutic potential. Notably, the majority of intracellular proteins are processed and presented on tumour cell surfaces as peptide-MHC class I complexes, representing a vast and largely untapped resource for immunotherapeutic intervention. The review comprehensively outlines (1) innovative approaches leveraging T-cell receptors (TCRs) and TCR-like (TCRL) antibodies to recognise and target these intracellularly derived peptide-MHC complexes. Emerging therapeutic modalities-including TCR-engineered T cells, CAR-T cells directed against Frontiers in Immunology frontiersin.org 01