Résumé
The creation of protected areas is considered as the main strategy for preservation and conservation of the natural and cultural heritage of the planet (Diegues. 2000). However, Hockings et al. (2006) state that in order to achieve these objectives. it is necessary to carry out and advance the management and administration of these protected areas. In this scenario, there are technical methodologies and procedures that aim to subsidize planning and decision making, gaining more and more space in the implementation and implementation of public policies related to socioeconomic and environmental issues. Thus, the present study analyzes the complexities and challenges of implementing protected areas, as well as discusses the main forms and conceptual definitions of the effectiveness of PAs and different approaches on the theme. It is intended to advance in the methodological discussions to assess the level of effectiveness and social and environmental vulnerability of these protected territories, so that it is possible to analyze the interrelationship of variables in an aggregated and transversal way.