Résumé
Environmental modifications are leading to biodiversity changes, loss and habitat disturbance. This in turn increases contacts between wildlife and hence the risk of transmission and emergence of zoonotic diseases. We analyzed the environment and land use using remote spatial data around the sampling locations of bats positive for coronavirus (21 sites) and astrovirus (11 sites) collected in 43 sites. A clear association between viruses and hosts was observed. Viruses associated to synanthropic bat genera, such as Myotis or Scotophilus were associated to highly transformed habitats with human presence while viruses associated to fruit bat genera were correlated with natural environments with dense forest, grassland areas and regions of high elevation. In particular, group C betacoronavirus were associated with mosaic habitats found in anthropized environments.
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•Deforestation and anthropization generate high diversity of bats.•Anthropized environment increases the risk of bat-borne virus transmission.•Highly pathogenic αCoV_2 & βCoV_C are linked to anthropogenic habitat.•Murine astroviruses are associated with human settlements.•Ungulates astroviruses are associated with wild areas (elevated grasslands).