Résumé
Biodiversity offsets (BO) are activities that provide measurable ecological gains that are equivalent to the ecological losses induced by development projects. The law on biodiversity voted in August 2016 introduces a more coercive framework of BO. Provided that 59.5% of the French territory is dedicated to agricultural activities, farmers should become major players to implement BO. We investigate farmers' preferences for becoming BO operators through a choice experiment. We show that the BO contracts requirements will not lead to a systematic compliance of farmers. This allows us to suggest direction for BO contracts with regards to farmers' profile and to the type of impacts they have to offset.