Résumé
DNA barcoding is the assignment of individuals to species using standardized mitochondrialsequences. Nuclear data are sometimes added to the mitochondrial data to increase power.A barcoding method for analysing mitochondrial and nuclear data is developed. It is aBayesian method based on the coalescent model. Then this method is assessed using simulatedand real data. It is found that adding nuclear data can reduce the number of ambiguousassignments. Finally, the robustness of coalescent-based barcoding to departuresfrom model assumptions is studied using simulations. This method is found to be robust topast population size variations, to within-species population structures, and to designs thatpoorly sample populations within species.