Résumé
By regulating the anionic gradient, two cationchloride cotransporters, NKCC1, which promotes the entrance of chloride ions and KCC2, which promotes their exit, modulate the GABAergic system and control pain mechanisms. Following inflammation or nerve injury, the increase in NKCC1 activity among sensory neurons and/or the decrease in KCC2 expression in spinal neurons, leads to a loss of inhibitory tone and induces neuropathic pain.