Résumé
This bibliographic review reports the isoenzyme polymorphism of 1023 Leishmania infantum strains isolated between 1981 and 2010 from dogs that have been characterized by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. [Display omitted]
► The isoenzyme polymorphism of 1023 L. infantum strains isolated from dogs and identified by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. ► 12 zymodemes were identified in 16 countries of the Mediterranean basin: MON-1, MON-24, MON-34, MON-72, MON-77, MON-80, MON-98, MON-105, MON-108, MON-199, MON-199 var NP1130 and MON-281. ► The zymodeme MON-1 was predominant. ► The dog was the main reservoir of L. infantum MON-1 in human VL and CL. ► The polymorphism is relatively high in Algeria and Spain in contrast to other Mediterranean countries.
This bibliographic review reports the isoenzyme polymorphism of 1023 Leishmania infantum strains isolated from dogs that have been characterized by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis in the Leishmania Reference Centre of Montpellier, or in other laboratories, to which this typification technique has already been transferred. Between 1981 and 2010, a total of 12 zymodemes were identified around the Mediterranean basin: MON-1, MON-24, MON-34, MON-72, MON-77, MON-80, MON-98, MON-105, MON-108, MON-199, MON-199 var NP1130 and MON-281, of which 6 were present in Algeria. The zymodeme MON-1 was predominant (86.5% of the strains). The dog was confirmed as the main reservoir of L. infantum MON-1, while the reservoir of the other zymodemes has not yet been identified. The enzymatic polymorphism is relatively high in Algeria and in Spain in contrast to other Mediterranean countries. The reasons for this polymorphism are discussed.