Résumé
Opportunist disease in immunocompromised patients and prematured babies, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was rare. It represents today inaugural manifestation of SIDA in 35-40% of cases. The research of the parasite becomes a current analysis for a medical laboratory. Biological diagnosis is based on the show of the parasite in the sampling with classical coloration technics. The limits of these colorations have played a great part in the development of fluorescent monoclonal antibody stains. In this evaluation, we compared, on 100 bronchiolo-alveolar-lavage (BAL), the performances of a new direct fluorescent monoclonal antibody stain recently commercialized (Pneumo Cel IF test B.M.D. Laboratories) with those of two classical colorations: May-Grünwald-Giemsa and Gomori-Grocott. Standard colorations revealed 18 positive cases while direct immunofluorescence technic revealed 20 cases of pneumocystosis. This new test has showed reliability, sensitivity and high specificity due to the utilisation of a monoclonal antibody. The preparation and the reading of the slides are rapid and easy. In spite of a very higher price, direct immunofluorescent should become a choice method for the majority of medical analysis laboratories, by reason of its qualities and the many advantages it offers in comparison with classical colorations.Opportunist disease in immunocompromised patients and prematured babies, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was rare. It represents today inaugural manifestation of SIDA in 35-40% of cases. The research of the parasite becomes a current analysis for a medical laboratory. Biological diagnosis is based on the show of the parasite in the sampling with classical coloration technics. The limits of these colorations have played a great part in the development of fluorescent monoclonal antibody stains. In this evaluation, we compared, on 100 bronchiolo-alveolar-lavage (BAL), the performances of a new direct fluorescent monoclonal antibody stain recently commercialized (Pneumo Cel IF test B.M.D. Laboratories) with those of two classical colorations: May-Grünwald-Giemsa and Gomori-Grocott. Standard colorations revealed 18 positive cases while direct immunofluorescence technic revealed 20 cases of pneumocystosis. This new test has showed reliability, sensitivity and high specificity due to the utilisation of a monoclonal antibody. The preparation and the reading of the slides are rapid and easy. In spite of a very higher price, direct immunofluorescent should become a choice method for the majority of medical analysis laboratories, by reason of its qualities and the many advantages it offers in comparison with classical colorations.