Résumé
A multidisciplinary, long-term study showed that, on average, 16.2 to 141.1 tonnes of sediment yield per km (super 2) and more than 90% of rainwater was retained in situ in new land-use systems compared to 3621.3 tonnes of sediment and 64.4% rainwater retention in shifting cultivation. The mean values of base flow and surface flow were 104.6 mm and 31.0 mm in the new land-use systems as against 241.7 mm and 560.1 mm, respectively, in shifting cultivation. The groundwater recharge was maximum in livestock-based land use, followed closely by agriculture, horticulture and forestry land uses, the average being 34.7% of precipitation as against only 8.3% in shifting cultivation. Due to the reduction in runoff flows to river channels, the incidence of floods has reduced. The government has simulated these model land-use systems in different parts of the region for location-specific results so that farmers could adopt these as per agro-climatic situation and requirements.