Abstract
This anthropological research conducted in Burkina Faso shows the difficulties encountered by many men when telling others of their seropositivity and when attending health care facilities for PLWH. The social context of these difficulties is analyzed by studying the values attached to masculinity in the Moose culture. <br />The data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews, direct observation and group interviews between 2003 and 2007. After transcription, these data were processed by means of content analysis. <br />Masculinity, closely related to the social status of the zaksoba (head of household), is considered in terms of men's capacity. It is conditioned by the social recognition of physical, material and moral aptitudes and responsibilities. This helps to better understand men's attitudes when they conceal problems relating to their HIV infection. They experience their inability to preserve their social image and their dominant position as shame and unworthiness. <br />The difficulties many men have in socially accepting their seropositivity, and their vulnerability in terms of access to health care and treatments, are mainly induced by cultural values related to masculinity, which the men defend and emphasize.